First-line treatment with hepatic arterial infusion plus capecitabine vs capecitabine alone for elderly patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases

This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of HAI fluoropyrimidine (FUDR)/capecitabine or single capecitabine as first-line treatment for elderly patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CLMs). Fifty-one elderly patients with liver-only CLMs were eligible for enrollment. Patients were divided into HAI FUDR /capecitabine group and single capecitabine group randomly. The primary endpoint was median survival time (MST), defined as the time from the date of catheter implantation to the date of death or the date of the last follow-up. The secondary endpoint was objective antitumor response and adverse events. The HAI pump was implanted before chemotherapy. All patients received a 3-week cycle of oral capecitabin. In Group A, the RR and DCR were both 95.8%. In Group B, the RR and DCR were 48.1% and 81.5%, respectively. There was significant difference between the RRs of the 2 groups (P < 0.001). But there was no significant difference between the DCRs of the 2 groups (P = 0.053). There was a statistical difference between the MSTs of the 2 groups (18.5 vs.13 months, P = 0.0312). HAI FUDR combined with oral capecitabine as the first-line treatment for elderly patients with CLMs has promising efficacy and safety.     

卡培他滨和替吉奥作为晚期胃癌一线诱导化疗后维持治疗的临床观察

目的:观察对比卡培他滨和替吉奥在晚期胃癌一线诱导化疗后维持治疗的疗效和不良反应。方法:收集2010年1 月至2016年1 月北京大学深圳医院诊治的130 例晚期胃癌患者,经XELOX或SOX 方案诱导治疗4～6 个周期,或mFOLFOX6 方案诱导治疗6～8 个周期,疗效评价无疾病进展（progressive disease ,PD）的患者,分为卡培他滨维持治疗组（1 000 mg/m2,2 次/d ,口服,d1～14,21d 为1 个周期）;替吉奥维持治疗组:1）体表面积≤ 1.25m2,40mg/次;2）体表面积1.25～1.5 m2,50mg/次;3）体表面积≥1.5 m2,60mg/次,2 次/d ,早晚口服,d1～14,21d 为1 个周期,或观察组维持化疗持续到PD或出现不能耐受不良反应为止。结果:130 例患者中采用XELOX、SOX 和mFOLFOX6 方案治疗的例数分别为44、33和53例,总体疾病控制率（disease controlrate ,DCR ）为63.1% 。82例患者中采用卡培他滨、替吉奥维持治疗和观察的例数分别为35、28和19例。卡培他滨组与替吉奥维持治疗组的疗效无显著性差异（P = 0.678）。 卡培他滨组、替吉奥组的疾病进展时间（time to progress,TTP）分别为8.5 个月和9.0 个月（P > 0.05）,均优于观察组的6.0 个月（P < 0.001）。 卡培他滨组、替吉奥组和观察组的总生存期（overall survival,OS）无显著性差异（14.5 vs .15.0 vs . 14.0,P = 0.188）。 维持化疗患者不良反应主要以骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、疲乏、手足综合征和口腔炎等为主,无治疗相关死亡。结论:卡培他滨和替吉奥作为晚期胃癌一线诱导化疗后维持治疗疗效相当,均可延长患者TTP ,不良反应较轻。      

多西他赛联合XELOX方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床研究

目的 探讨多西他赛联合奥沙利铂+卡培他滨(XELOX方案)治疗晚期胃癌的临床效果.方法 选择2010年1月-2013年1月收治的晚期胃癌60例,按治疗方法分为对照组和观察组,每组30例.对照组给予单纯XELOX方案治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予多西他赛治疗.均治疗4个周期.治疗结束后比较2组生活质量、近期临床疗效及生存时间,并记录治疗过程中毒性作用发生情况.结果 2组治疗后生活质量均较治疗前改善,且观察组改善程度优于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组临床总有效率高于对照组,疾病无进展中位生存期和总中位生存期长于对照组(P＜0.05);2组毒性作用发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 多西他赛联合XELOX方案治疗晚期胃癌可改善生活质量,提高近期临床疗效,延长生存时间,安全性较高.     

卡培他滨抑制高转移性人肝癌LCID20生长和转移的研究

目的 观察５－氟尿嘧啶（５－Ｆｕ）前体物质卡培他滨对高转移潜能肝癌ＬＣＩＤ２０生长和转移的抑制作用。方法 用免疫组织化学方法检测６１例人肝癌组织中血小板衍化内皮细胞生长因子（ＰＤ－ＥＣＧＦ）蛋白水平。１８只裸鼠人肝癌高转移模型ＬＣＩＤ２０于肿瘤种植后第３天分别采用ＣＡＰ和５－Ｆｕ治疗。停药后３天处死裸鼠,测量肿瘤的长短径,检测裸鼠肝功能和血浆甲胎蛋白（ＡＦＰ）水平;苏木素－伊红（ＨＥ）染色检测肺转     

卡培他滨联合周剂量艾恒治疗晚期大肠癌18例

目的　观察卡培他滨联合周剂量艾恒治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效和毒性。方法　卡培他滨 12 5 0mg/ (m2 ·d)分两次口服 ,第 1～14天 ,艾恒 60mg/m2 静脉滴入第 1,8,15天。结果　 18例中CR 2例 ,PR 7例 ,总有效率 (CR PR)为 5 0 %,主要毒副反应为恶心呕吐 ,感觉性神经毒性 ,药物热 ,口腔黏膜炎 ,腹泻 ,手足综合症。结论　卡培他滨联合艾恒方案对晚期大肠癌有效且安全     

Capecitabine in early breast cancer: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

PurposeCapecitabine is an effective therapy for metastatic breast cancer. Its role in early breast cancer is uncertain due to conflicting data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsPubMed and major conference proceedings were searched to identify RCTs comparing standard chemotherapy with or without capecitabine in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting. Hazard ratios (HRs) for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), as well as odds ratios (ORs) for toxicities were extracted or calculated and pooled in a meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis compared triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) to non-TNBC and whether capecitabine was given in addition to or in place of standard chemotherapy. Meta-regression was used to explore the influence of TNBC on OS.ResultsEight studies comprising 9302 patients were included. In unselected patients, capecitabine did not influence DFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.99, p = 0.93) or OS (HR 0.90, p = 0.36). There was a significant difference in DFS when capecitabine was given in addition to standard treatment compared with in place of standard treatment (HR 0.92 versus 1.62, interaction p = 0.002). Addition of capecitabine to standard chemotherapy was associated with significantly improved DFS in TNBC versus non-TNBC (HR 0.72 versus 1.01, interaction p = 0.02). Meta-regression showed that adding capecitabine to standard chemotherapy was associated with improved OS in studies with higher proportions of patients with TNBC (R = −0.967, p = 0.007). Capecitabine increased grade 3/4 diarrhoea (odds ratio [OR] 2.33, p < 0.001) and hand-foot syndrome (OR 8.08, p < 0.001), and resulted in more frequent treatment discontinuation (OR 3.80, p < 0.001).ConclusionAdding capecitabine to standard chemotherapy appears to improve DFS and OS in TNBC, but increases adverse events in keeping with its known toxicity profile.     

XELOX方案与SOX方案在胃癌新辅助治疗中的应用价值

目的 探讨XELOX(卡培他滨+奥沙利铂)方案和SOX(替吉奥胶囊+奥沙利铂)方案治疗晚期胃癌的效果.方法 晚期胃癌患者60例,随机平均分为2组:XELOX治疗组和SOX治疗组.2组均以21天为1个疗程,完成2个疗程治疗评定疗效,并随访观察2组疾病进展时间及生存时间.结果 XELOX方案与SOX方案的总有效率分别为36.67％和46.67％,疾病控制率分别为80.00％和86.67％.2组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 XELOX方案和SOX方案治疗晚期胃癌,临床疗效和安全性相近,且容易被患者耐受,可以作为晚期胃癌患者的有效治疗方案.     

局部中晚期直肠癌术前新辅助同期加量IMRT联合术前化疗的Ⅱ期临床研究

目的 观察评估局部中晚期直肠癌术前SIB-IMRT联合1周期卡培他滨诱导化疗联合全直肠系膜切除术治疗方案的可行性、安全性及疗效。方法 2015-2016年入组37例局部中晚期直肠癌患者接受术前放疗,直肠病变及阳性淋巴结给予58.75 Gy分25次,盆腔淋巴引流区给予50.00 Gy分25次,同步卡培他滨化疗。同步放化疗结束后休息1周继续行1周期卡培他滨诱导化疗。同步放化疗结束后6~8周接受直肠癌根治术。研究主要终点为pCR,次要终点为TN降期率、保肛手术率、不良反应等。结果 37例患者顺利完成术前同步放化疗,32例行手术治疗,4例因症状缓解拒绝手术,1例患者因肛周水肿手术延迟。pCR率为34%(11/32),TN降期率为91%(29/32),R₀切除率为100%,保肛手术率为75%(24/32)。放化疗期间大部分为1、2级急性不良反应,3、4级不良反应共3例。术后并发症为输尿管损伤(1例)和肠梗阻(1例),围手术期内未见死亡。结论 局部中晚期直肠癌行术前SIB-IMRT联合1周期卡培他滨术前化疗及全直肠系膜切除术方案的初步结果表明其近期疗效好、安全可行、急性不良反应轻。     

Efficacy of S-1 vs capecitabine for the treatment of gastric cancer: A meta-analysis

AIM: To rationally evaluate the effect of S-1 vs capecitabine for the treatment of gastric cancer.METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Google Scholar, and China Journal Full Text Database were accessed to collect clinical randomized controlled trials regarding the effect of S-1 vs capecitabine for the treatment of gastric cancer patients. Statistical analysis was performed by metaanalysis. Four randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria.RESULTS: Compared with capecitabine regimens, the 1-year survival rate in gastric cancer patients was 0.80(95%CI: 0.52-1.21, P = 0.29). The overall response rate of S-1 vs capecitabine was 0.94(95%CI: 0.59-1.51, P = 0.93). Compared with capecitabine regimens, the most frequent hematologic toxicities were neutropenia( O R = 0. 9 9, 9 5 % C I : 0. 6 5- 1. 4 9, P = 0. 9 4) a n d thrombocytopenia(OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.31-1.67, P = 0.44). The most frequent non-hematologic toxicities included nausea(OR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.56-1.28, P = 0.43) and hand-foot syndrome(OR = 0.16, 95%CI: 0.10-0.27, P < 0.00001).CONCLUSION: The existing studies suggest that S-1 is not more effective than capecitabine in the treatment of gastric cancer patients, but does exhibit less toxicity with regard to hand-foot syndrome.     

奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨一线治疗晚期肝内胆管癌的临床观察

目的:探讨奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨一线治疗晚期肝内胆管细胞癌的疗效及安全性.方法:16例无法手术的晚期肝内胆管细胞癌患者接受以下化疗,奥沙利铂130 mg/m2,d1;卡培他滨2 000 mg/m2,d1～14,每21天为1个周期(XELOX方案).最多接受6个周期的化疗.结果:16例患者中CR 0例,PR 2例(12.5%),SD 5例(31.2%).PD 9例(56.2%),临床获益率43.7%,中位TTP 2.1个月,中位生存时间7个月.主要毒副作用有骨髓抑制、外周神经毒性、消化道反应、手足综合征,多为1～2度,无治疗相关性死亡.结论:XELOX方案治疗晚期肝内胆管细胞癌有一定近期疗效,耐受性好.