Giant atypical ossifying fibromyxoid tumour of the calf

We present a case of giant atypical ossifying fibromyxoid tumour (OFMT) of soft tissue, occurring in the calf, in a 77-year-old woman. The patient presented with a history of bleeding ulcer over a calf lump that had been present for over 4 years. Clinical presentation, radiological features and histopathologic findings are described, and the relevant literature is reviewed.     

环氧交联牛心包心瓣膜材料①体外内皮化的实验研究

目的：为了探索生物心瓣膜材料的抗钙化措施，笔者作了血管内皮细胞（ＥＣ）在ＰＣ牛心包材料上生长特性的研究。方法：ＰＣ牛心包材料，漂洗后用二种不同的粘附蛋白预衣被，种植犬的血管ＥＣ，未衣被组作为对照。结果：Ｆｉｂｒｏｎｅｃｔｉｎ（（ＦＮ）及Ｌａｍｉｎｉｎ（Ｌａ）组，经７～１０天培养，心包片上ＥＣ形成单层，而未衣被组ＰＣ心包片上无细胞生长。结论：１）ＰＣ牛心包材料的确具有细胞毒性。２）经Ｌａ及ＦＮ的衣被，ＰＣ牛心包生物材料达到了体外内皮化的要求，其中以Ｌａ效果最佳，与ＦＮ相比，两者有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

海南百岁老人中肥胖相关指标与抑郁症状风险的关联研究

目的:分析百岁老人中腰围、BMI、腰臀比、腰高比、小腿围和腰围小腿围比值（WCR）与其抑郁症状风险间的关联。方法:纳入全样本调查的海南百岁老人共1 002人。使用GDS-15进行抑郁症状相关风险的调查,使用多元线性回归和logistic回归分析各人体测量指标与抑郁症状风险间的关联强度。结果:校正人口学特征（性别、年龄、...     

小牛脾提取物注射液辅助化疗对结直肠癌术后患者免疫功能影响

摘 要 目的： 观察小牛脾提取物注射液辅助化疗对结直肠癌术后患者的免疫功能的影响。 方法: 128例结直肠癌术后患者随机分为两组各64例。对照组给予FOLFOX 4方案化疗;观察组在对照组基础上,加用小牛脾提取物注射液10 ml,ivd,d1～d10。14 d为1周期,4周期后比较两组患者免疫功能、外周血WBC、Hb、Plt,以及两组药品不良反应。结果:治疗后,两组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺等均较治疗前明显升高,且均明显高于对照组治疗后（P<0.05）。与本组治疗前比较,两组治疗后外周血WBC、Plt和Hb水平变化不明显（P>0.05）,但治疗后观察组的WBC、Plt明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组药品不良反应发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论: 结直肠癌术后采用小牛脾提取物注射液辅助化疗,不仅能提高机体免疫功能,还可减轻化疗的骨髓抑制、胃肠毒性。     

小牛血清去蛋白联合替罗非班治疗进展性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的研究小牛血清去蛋白联合替罗非班治疗进展性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选取2014年11月—2015年11月自贡市第一人民医院神经内科收治的进展性脑梗死患者110例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各55例。对照组静脉泵入盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液,前30 min速率设定为0.4μg/(kg·min),此后0.1μg/(kg·min)持续泵入。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上静脉滴注小牛血清去蛋白注射液,30 m L加入250 m L生理盐水中,1次/d。两组均连续治疗7 d。观察两组的临床疗效,同时比较两组治疗前后神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分、Barthel指数的变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为81.82%、96.36%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者NIHSS评分显著降低,Barthel指数明显升高,同组治疗前后差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),且治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论小牛血清去蛋白联合替罗非班治疗进展性脑梗死具有较好的临床疗效,可改善患者的神经功能损伤程度,提高患者的生活质量,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

Immunomodulatory effects of Echinacea and Pelargonium on the innate and adoptive immunity in calves

Immunomodulatory effects of Echinacea purpurae and Pelargonium sidoides in calves were investigated. Sixty 25-day-old nonvaccinated calves living in integrated farm unit were randomly selected and were divided into 5 treatment groups consisting of 12 calves each; 4 groups were receiving different amounts and/or times of Echinacea and Pelargonium and the control group received placebo. Blood levels of γ-interferon, cytokine gene expression, lactoferrin and total IgG were analysed on days 0, 9, and 30. When levels for total IgG, γ-interferon, mRNAs for the γ-interferon, IL-1-β, IL-4 and the tumour necrosis factor-α genes were compared from days 0 to 9 post-treatment, significant differences were found between treated and non-treated calves using various amounts of Echinacea and Pelargonium; a doses of 250?mg Echinacea and 62.5?mg Pelargonium for 5 days seems to be ideal. Echinacea purpurae and Pelargonium sidoides are able to modulate immune functions in calves.     

成年牦牛汗腺和皮脂腺的组织学特征

目的 探讨青海健康成年牦牛汗腺和皮脂腺的组织学特征。方法 从10头健康成年牦牛背部、肋部和腹部皮肤取样，运用HE、过碘酸-雪夫（PAS）和阿利新蓝-过碘酸-雪夫（AB-PAS）染色法，对汗腺和皮脂腺组织学结构进行观察与分析。结果 青海成年牦牛背部、肋部和腹部皮肤的汗腺为单管状腺，属于顶浆分泌型腺体，其分泌物为中性和酸性混合液，腺细胞胞质中含有糖原。皮脂腺呈葡萄状、多叶且分支的泡状腺，属于全浆分泌型腺体，其分泌物为中性黏液，腺细胞胞质中含有少量糖原。汗腺的密度、直径、长度和体积从背部到腹部呈递减趋势，但距离皮肤表面的深度呈递增趋势，且部位间差异显著(P<0.05)。皮脂腺的密度、导管部直径和长度、分泌部直径和长度及距离皮肤表面的深度从背部到腹部呈递减趋势，且部位间差异显著(P<0.05)。 结论 青海成年牦牛背部、肋部和腹部皮肤的汗腺和皮脂腺形态学结构相似，但其密度、大小和深度差异显著，且从背部到腹部存在渐变趋势。与其他牛类相比，牦牛汗腺和皮脂腺的密度高，但前者的分泌功能不发达而后者发达，这可能与其为了适应高原高寒环境有关。     

Experimental analysis of the seeking behaviour observed in ruminants when they are sodium deficient.

Sodium deficiency in calves was produced by unilateral exteriorization of the parotid duct and the resultant changes in salivary Na⁺/K⁺ used to monitor sodium status. Sodium depleted calves increased their preferential intake of 0.12 M NaHCO₃ but when the concentration was increased (0.24 M–0.48 M), the volume consumed was reduced. In a T-maze, normal calves were indifferent to sodium reinforcement whereas Na⁺ deficient calves, because of increased activity, readily obtained the reward. The development of motivation was related to rapid learning of the position of the sodium salt. Sodium depletion was also associated with excessive licking behaviour. In an operant experiment, using a variable interval or fixed ratio schedule, depleted calves rapidly learnt to push a panel for 0.48 M NaHCO₃ and 0.51 M NaCl rewards. The level of operant behaviour was significantly correlated to the Na⁺/K⁺ salivary levels, blood pH and plasma Na⁺ concentration. These results may reflect the avidity for sodium salts shown by ruminants under natural conditions.     

Effects of tryptamine mediated through 2 states of the 5-HT2 receptor in calf coronary artery

Summary The mode of action of tryptamine was investigated on strips of left circumflex coronary artery of calf. 1) Exposure to (–)-deprenyl, an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B, markedly potentiated the contractions caused by tryptamine but not those by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Experiments were therefore carried out on arteries treated with (–)-deprenyl. 2) Tryptamine, administered non-cumulatively, elicited fast developing contractions, which partially faded. The intrinsic activity for the peak response to tryptamine was 0.8 compared to 5-HT. Ketanserin competitively antagonized the tryptamine-induced contractions with a K _B of (–log mol/1) 9.9. Methysergide antagonized the effects of tryptamine in a noncompetitive manner by depressing the maximum response with an IC₅₀ (–log mol/1) >9.0. 3) Tryptamine caused unsurmountable depression of 5-HT-induced contractions with an IC₅₀ (–log mol/1) of 6.4. Ketanserin also competitively antagonized the depressant effects of tryptamine on 5-HT-induced contractions with a K _B of (–log mol/1) 9.9. 4) At high concentrations of tryptamine (0.2–1 mmol/l), the fast developing contractions were followed by slowly developing contractions. Methysergide 1 nmol/l enhanced maximally the slow developing contractions. 5) These findings are consistent with an interaction of tryptamine at different sites of the allosteric 5-HT₂-receptor system: (I) Tryptamine competes with ketanserin for the 5-HT₂-receptor in the highly active R state. Binding of tryptamine to the R state would cause the fast contraction. (II) Tryptamine competes with ketanserin for the allosteric site. Tryptamine induces allosterically a shift from R to the low active R state as methysergide does, thereby depressing the response to 5-HT. Ketanserin restores the response to 5-HT depressed by tryptamine. (III) Tryptamine appears to bind also to the R state of the 5-HT₂ receptor thereby causing the slowly developing contractions.[/p] Send offprint requests to A. J. Kaumann at the above address