Recurrent, multiple, calcified soft tissue metastases from osteogenic sarcoma without pulmonary involvement

Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma) metastasizes primarily to the lung. With the introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy as part of the treatment, the overall and disease-free survival rates have dramatically improved. In this case report, a young man with multiple soft tissue and bone metastases, including a rare large bone-forming retroperitoneal metastasis, is described. Despite the extensive extrapulmonary metastases, the patient did not develop pulmonary metastases in the 4 years following initial presentation of the primary tumour. Received: 16 December 1998 Revision requested: 14 January 1999 Revision received: 30 July 1999 Accepted: 1 August 1999     

Calciphylaxis: A condition mimicking necrotizing vasculitis

Summary A patient with end stage renal disease developed ischaemic skin necrosis and digital gangrene. He had diffuse arterial calcification associated with hyperparathyroidism secondary to renal failure. The patient received inappropriate cyclophosphamide therapy as he had been misdiagnosed as having an inflammatory vasculitis. This clinical picture, previously named calciphylaxis should come into the differential diagnosis of systemic vasculitis in a uraemic patient with hyperparathyroidism.     

Evidence for vitamin D-independent active calcium absorption in newborn piglets

Summary The role of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol) for intestinal calcium (Ca²⁺) absorption was studied in newborn (<1 week old) and weaned piglets (>6 weeks old). In both groups, normal piglets and piglets suffering from inherited pseudo vitamin D-deficiency rickets, type I (PVDRI) were used. In this inherited disorder, renal production of calcitriol is absent. Plasma samples were assayed for calcitriol and total Ca, and dissociation constants (K_d) and maximum binding capacities (B_max) of intestinal calcitriol receptors were determined under equilibrium conditions at 4°C. Unidirectional Ca²⁺-flux rates were measured across stripped duodenal mucosae in Ussing chambers in the absence of electrochemical gradients. The plasma calcitriol concentrations of neonatal (26.5±7.1 pg/ml, n=11; ± SEM) and weaned PVDRI piglets (18.8±5.7 pg/ml, n=8)were unphysiologically low and differed significantly from control animals (83.6±14.8 pg/ml, n=8, and 86.9±9.6 pg/ml, n=11, respectively). However, newborn PVDRI piglets had normal plasma Ca levels at least during the first days of life. They became hypocalcemic and developed clinical symptoms of rickets during the following weeks. In newborn PVDRI and control piglets, B_max was significantly lower (84±28 fmol/mg protein and 127±55 fmol/mg protein, n=9, respectively) than in weaned piglets (741±82 fmol/mg protein, n=9, and 778±121 fmol/mg protein, n=8, respectively). Significant net Ca²⁺-fluxes were found in both newborn PVDRI and control piglets (88.8±25.1 nmol · cm^-2 · h^-1, n=6, and 86.5±10.5 nmol · cm⁻² · h⁻¹,n=9, respectively). However, active net Ca²⁺ absorption was completely absent in weaned PVDRI piglets. These results indicate the presence of vitamin D-independent mechanisms for active intestinal Ca²⁺ absorption during early postnatal life in pigs.     

对肝外胆管梗阻时“软藤征”的再认识

本文回顾性分析了48例“软藤征”的病因,其中恶性疾病28例(占58.3％),良性疾病20例(占41.7％)。据本文资料,作者认为“软藤征”是肝管分叉部及肝外胆管急性完全(或接近完全)性梗阻时肝内胆管扩张的特征性X线表现,并非恶性梗阻特有,良性梗阻亦常见。作者指出,只要肝内胆管无或仅有轻度炎症,胆管具有良好的弹性和扩张性,不论良、恶性病变都可出现“软藤征”。那种认为当梗阻病变未显示时,仅根据“软藤征”即可作出恶性梗阻诊断的观点很值得商榷。作者认为,“软藤征”的定性及病因诊断主要应根据PTC或ERCP,或二者联合显示梗阻局部病变的形态学特征来确定。     

伤科洗方熏洗治疗软组织损伤的临床研究

目的：为了验证伤科洗方的最佳熏洗组合，改进伤科洗方剂型，探讨伤科洗方治疗软组织损伤的部分作用机理。方法：以本院门诊和住院软组织损伤病例120例被随机均分为6组，其中4个试验组(A组：熏洗时间30分 酒 浓缩剂；B组：熏洗时间30分 醋 散剂；C组：熏洗时间60分 酒 散剂；D组：熏洗时间60分 醋 浓缩剂。)和1个空白对照组(E组0．9％生理盐水)，1个最佳熏洗组合组(F组：由试验组得出)；试验组采用3因素2水平正交设计，分别进行熏洗治疗，每日1次，每连续7天为1个疗程，治疗后分别观察症状和体征，6—酮—前列腺素F1a和血栓素B2的变化。结果：最佳熏洗组合：熏洗时间60分 酒 浓缩剂，浓缩剂优于散剂；结论：伤科洗方治疗软组织损伤有临床效果。     

水飞蓟宾胶囊对异烟肼和利福平肝损害小鼠的保护作用

目的：观察水飞蓟宾胶囊(SC)对异烟肼(INH)与利相干(RFP)合用致肝损伤小鼠的保护作用。方法：测定肝损伤小鼠在给予SC后肝指数、血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)的活性，肝匀浆中谷胱甘肽(GSH)及丙二醛(MDA)的含量，肝微粒体中细胞色素P450含量及其亚型2E1的活性。结果：SC可对抗INH和RFP合用引起的肝指数、血清ALT水平、肝匀浆中的MDS含量及P450、4502E1活性的升高，增加GSH含量；病理学检查SC能明显减轻肝细胞的变性和坏死。结论：SC对INH和RFP肝毒性的保护作用与其稳定肝细胞膜、抑制脂质过氧化反应、清除自由基、抑制药物代谢酶有关。     

丹参素胶囊活血化瘀作用的实验研究

目的：研究丹参素胶囊对大鼠血小板聚集性和血液流变学及血栓形成的影响。方法：以ADP为诱导剂，观察其对体外血小板聚集率的作用；采用电刺激法，测定闭塞性血栓形成的时间；用冰水刺激制备“血瘀”模型，检测主要流变学指标。结果：丹参素胶囊能明显抑制由ADP诱导的大鼠血小板体外聚集活性，延长电刺激大鼠颈总动脉后血栓形成时间，降低“血瘀”大鼠全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、红细胞电泳时间、卡松屈服应力以及红细胞聚集指数，改善机体血液流变性。结论：丹参素胶囊能明显降低血液“浓、粘、聚、凝”状态，具有良好的活血化瘀作用。     

蒙药胃舒安胶囊试验性胃溃疡的药效学研究

目的研究经口给予胃舒安胶囊 (WSA)对试验性胃溃疡的预防及治疗作用。方法制备大、小鼠胃溃疡模型 ,多次灌胃给予受试动物WSA ,考查其对各种胃溃疡动物模型的保护作用。结果WSA对小鼠水应激、大鼠冰醋酸灼烧、大鼠乙醇诱导、大鼠幽门结扎所致的胃溃疡具有明显的保护作用。而且具有保护胃粘膜、中和胃酸、降低胃蛋白酶活性、抑制小鼠小肠推进速度、减少醋酸致痛小鼠的扭体次数的综合作用。结论WSA对大、小鼠试验性胃溃疡具有显著的疗效 ,能对抗由巴达干引起的胃溃疡。     

国外口服软胶囊剂的研究

从内容物和胶壳两个方面综述国外口服软胶囊剂的研究进展。口服软胶囊剂与其他传统剂型如片剂、硬胶囊剂、颗粒剂以及溶液剂等相比，具有生物利用度高、药物稳定性良好、含量准确等优点。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定双黄连胶囊中绿原酸的含量

目的 :建立中成药双黄连胶囊中绿原酸的含量测定方法。方法 :采用Phenomenex -C1 8(2 5 0mm×4 6mm ,5 μm)柱 ,以水 -乙腈 -冰醋酸 (92∶7∶1 0 )为流动相 ,检测波长 32 6nm ,流速 1 0ml/min。结果 :绿原酸在 0 1 1～ 0 5 5 μg ,都与相应的峰面积呈良好的线性关系 (r=0 9999) ,平均回收率为 99 1 1 % ,RSD为 0 5 8% (n =6 )。结论 :该方法准确可靠 ,可用于双黄连胶囊制剂的质量控制