铂络合物对沙门氏菌突变和人淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体交换的诱发作用

顺铂、SHP和CHIP均显著增高鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA100和TA98菌株回变数,具有剂量—反应关系。三化合物接近中毒剂量时对两菌株的诱发回变数约为自发回变的3.2—7.8倍。诱变性的顺序为顺铂>SHP>CHIP。对 TA1535、TA1537和 TA1538菌株均无明显诱变作用。均明显增高人淋巴细胞 SCE 频率;以顺铂的诱发力最强。均引起有丝分裂延迟。表明铂络合物可致基因突变和 DNA 损伤。     

Phase II study of CHIP chemotherapy in advanced adenocarcinomas of the upper gastrointestinal tract

Summary Iproplatin (CHIP) is a second generation cisplatin analogue which has completed its Phase I trials. We studied the efficacy and toxicity of CHIP in 36 previously untreated patients with advanced upper gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas (GE junction, cardia, antrum and body of the stomach). The starting dose was 275 mg/m²; course were repeated on an every four week schedule. Thirty-five patients were evaluable for response. Three partial remissions (8.5%) [95% confidence limits 2.5–15%] were seen. Toxicity was tolerable and included mild myelosuppression and mild nausea and vomiting. Although well tolerated, in patients with gastric and GE junction adenocarcinomas, CHIP chemotherapy was not more and probably slightly less, effective than the parent analogue cisplatin.     

Making Sense of MACRA: A Guide for Diagnostic Radiologists

The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 was signed into law on April 16, 2015, fundamentally altering the way clinicians are reimbursed for the treatment of Medicare patients starting in 2017. Under this new pay-for-performance model, reimbursement will be tied to multiple metrics related to quality and cost of care. A scaled scoring system will require providers to compete for positive reimbursement adjustments, while also penalizing poor performers with negative adjustments. A firm understanding of this new system will be essential for all physicians looking to maximize their reimbursement, particularly diagnostic radiologists and members of other highly focused fields where special considerations lead to alterations in the scoring system.     

How useful are current caries risk assessment tools in informing the oral health care decision-making process?

Background

Caries risk assessment (CRA) tools could address oral health disparities and enhance the efficiency of the oral health care system. The authors aimed to explore the feasibility and limitations of using clinical CRA tools in informing oral health care policy-making processes.

Novel endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors and their therapeutic potential

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from the pre-existing vasculature is essential for embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. It also plays critical roles in diseases such as cancer and retinopathy. A delicate balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors ensures normal physiological homeostasis. Endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors are proteins or protein fragments that are formed in the body and have the ability to limit angiogenesis. Many endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors have been discovered, and the list continues to grow. Endogenous protein/peptide inhibitors are relatively less toxic, better tolerated and have a lower risk of drug resistance, which makes them attractive as drug candidates. In this review, we highlight ten novel endogenous protein angiogenesis inhibitors discovered within the last five years, including ISM1, FKBPL, CHIP, ARHGAP18, MMRN2, SOCS3, TAp73, ZNF24, GPR56 and JWA. Although some of these proteins have been well characterized for other biological functions, we focus on their new and specific roles in angiogenesis inhibition and discuss their potential for therapeutic application.     

Dental plan premiums in the Affordable Care Act marketplaces trended downward from 2014 through 2016

Background

Pediatric dental benefits must be offered in the health insurance marketplaces created under the Affordable Care Act. The authors analyzed trends over time in premiums and the number of dental insurers participating in the marketplaces.