200--2013年某外商独资企业职业病危害因素调查及检测结果分析

目的探讨某外商独资企业作业场所职业病危害因素的特点和防护措施,为用人单位预防控制职业病提供依据。方法对该企业2005～2013年职业病危害因素检测结果进行调查,了解各年度检测的职业病危害因素,计算其合格率,并对调查期间检测的化学有害因素和物理因素进行统计分析。结果用人单位职业病危害因素的合格率为91.43%,其中粉尘和毒物的合格率分别为98.18%和95.21%,物理因素的合格率为83.80%。化学有害因素的合格率（95.88%）高于物理因素合格率（83.80%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。除砂轮磨尘、臭氧、苯、甲苯、三氯乙烯、丙酮、紫外辐射、噪声超标外,其他职业病危害因素均符合限值要求。结论用人单位重视工艺技术的改进和防护措施的完善,职业卫生状况有了较明显的改善。但涂装车间的清洗岗位应进一步完善防护措施,使工人接触甲苯的时间加权平均浓度达到限值要求。     

Variables Associated With Seeking Information From Doctors and the Internet After Exposure to Direct-to-Consumer Advertisements for Prescription Medications

This study examines variables associated with seeking information from doctors, the Internet, and a combination of both doctors and Internet after exposure to direct-to-consumer advertisements. Data were analyzed from 462 college students. Younger age, women, and health insurance were associated with greater odds for doctor; women, subjective norms, intentions, and greater time since seen doctor were associated with greater odds for Internet; and African American, Hispanic, subjective norms, intentions, and health insurance were associated with greater odds for both doctor and Internet. Marketers of direct-to-consumer advertisements can use these findings for tailoring and targeting direct-to-consumer advertisements.     

EAACI Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Guidelines. Protecting consumers with food allergies: understanding food consumption,meeting regulations and identifying unmet needs

Individuals suffering from IgE‐mediated food allergy usually have to practise life‐long food allergen avoidance. This document aims to provide an overview of recent evidence‐based recommendations for allergen risk assessment and management in the food industry and discusses unmet needs and expectations of the food allergic consumer in that context. There is a general duty of care on the food industry and obligations in European Union legislation to reduce and manage the presence of allergens alongside other food hazards. Current evidence enables quantification of allergen reference doses used to set‐up reliable food safety management plans for some foods. However, further work is required to include a wider variety of foods and to understand the impact of the food matrix as well as additional factors which affect the progression and severity of symptoms as a function of dose. Major concerns have been raised by patients, carers and patient groups about the use of precautionary ‘may contain’ labelling to address the issue of unintended presence of allergens; these therefore need to be reconsidered. New and improved allergen detection methods should be evaluated for their application in food production. There is an urgent requirement for effective communication between healthcare professionals, patient organizations, food industry representatives and regulators to develop a better approach to protecting consumers with food allergies.     

Long-term follow-up mortality study of petroleum refinery and chemical plant employees

A previous report presented the 1948–1983 mortality patterns of the Shell Deer Park Manufacturing Complex employees who where employed for at least 3 months from 1948 through 1972. The present study updates the earlier investigation by extending the vital status follow-up through 1989 and by expanding the cohort to include employees hired after 1972. As in the previous study, the overall mortality and cancer mortality for both refinery and chemical employees were quite favorable compared to residents in the local population. Among refinery workers, cancers for which a suspicion of work-relatedness was raised in the previous study, i.e. leukemia and cancers of the central nervous system and biliary passage/liver, no supportive evidence was found in this update. For both refinery and chemical plant employees, the mortality rate due to cancers of all lymphopoietic tissue increased with increasing duration of employment; this finding was also noted by the original study. This was also evident for lymphoreticulasarcoma in refinery employees and for leukemia in chemical plant employees. However, elevations of cancers of all lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue are primarily confined to employees who started work at the complex before 1946. By contrast, deaths from cancer of all lymphatic and hematapoietic tissue for employees hired after 1945 were 22% lower than the comparison population. Seven deaths with mesothelioma mentioned on the death certificates were identified, with 3.2 deaths expected, resulting in a statistically nonsignicant SMR of 219. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

中药产业应对“一带一路”倡议的知识图谱分析

目的:分析"一带一路"倡议和中药产业的研究热点,为中药产业发展提供全新、系统的参考数据。方法:在中国知网以主题词的形式进行专业检索,使用CiteSpace软件绘制关键词网络图谱、聚类图谱、叠加图谱。结果:"一带一路"倡议研究现状以所涉及的区域经济、文化、社会协同发展等为主;中药产业研究现状以中药资源与种植、中药产业链、中药现代化、人才培养、中药产品研发和保护等为主;中药产业应对"一带一路"倡议的出路在于相关的政府机构对中药产业的政策支持、人才培养、中药产业相关的企业和个人要重视中药国际化和持续化发展、竞争力的培养等。结论:中药产业的良好、健康发展,需要党和各级政府适时出台各种有利于促进中药产业发展的政策和措施,社会各界要为中药产业的发展培养需要的人才、提供建议,中药企业要善于利用SWOT分析技术,坚持特色,重点培养核心竞争力。     

山东省卫生健康行业网络安全调查与分析

目的/意义调查分析山东省卫生健康行业网络安全现状,精确定位行业网络安全短板,提升风险管理决策能力。方法/过程以问卷方式采集数据,从医疗机构等级和地域分布两个维度进行网络安全差距分析。结果/结论针对当前山东省基层医疗卫生机构信息化建设管理和技术防护层面的问题,提出卫生健康行业网络安全治理具体措施。     

凯里市2001-2006年食品及公共场所从业人员乙型肝炎检测结果分析

目的为了解凯里市食品及公共场所从业人员乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)携带状况,为公共卫生监督提供依据。方法对2001-2006年到我中心进行健康体检的19383名从业人员采血用ELISA法检测乙肝感染指标。结果6年HBsAg阳性率为4.06%,其中男性(5.27%)高于女性(3.46%);20岁以下年龄组HBsAg阳性率最高(5.89%),随着年龄的增加,阳性率有降低的趋势;从民族来看HBsAg阳性率最高的是苗族(5.81%),最低的是汉族(2.56%);从文化程度来看HBsAg阳性率最高的是具有初中及以下学历的从业人员(4.68%)。2001-2003年有52.79%体检HBsAg阳性者进行两对半检测,将近1/3的受检者(为模式1、3)正处于急性乙肝病毒(HBV)感染或复制期,2004-2006年有65.56%HBsAg阳性者进行HBeAg检测。结论为了阻断HBV传播,首先,必须加强卫生监督执法和监测工作,对查出具有传染性的人员必须调离该工种;其二,定期进行卫生知识培训;其三,要立法对HBsAg阴性者进行乙肝疫苗的强制接种;其四,加强餐饮娱乐场所环境和物品的消毒和监测。