中印原料药产业竞争力比较研究

为提升我国原料药产业的国际竞争力提供参考。参阅国内、外文献,采用SWOT分析法,对中印原料药产业进行分析比较。结果表明:印度原料药产业在产品标准、国际认证、人才储备和产业结构等方面均优于我国,我国原料药产业可以借鉴印度原料药产业的成功经验,确定适合自己的发展战略。     

Effects of organophosphorus pesticides and their ozonation byproducts on gap junctional intercellular communication in rat liver cell line.

The effects of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), oxons and their ozonation byproducts on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) on cultured BRL cell line were investigated using scrape loading and dye transfer (SL/DT) technique. The neutral red uptake assay was used to identify the non-cytotoxic levels of diazinon, parathion and methyl-parathion applied to GJIC assay. The concentration-dependent inhibition of GJIC was observed over a range of 50-350 mg/l diazinon, parathion and methyl-parathion after 90 min incubation compared with the vehicle control. However, oxons and ozonation byproducts of OPs had no inhibition effect on GJIC at any of the concentrations tested. The inhibition of GJIC by OPs was reversible after removal of the tested pesticides followed by incubation with fresh medium. The present study suggested that the ozonation treatment could be used for the detoxification of drinking water and food crops contaminated with diazinon, parathion and methyl-parathion without formation of GJIC toxicity.     

我国磷资源凸显新特点 磷肥行业需冷静对待

磷矿作为化肥及磷化工的主要矿物原料,具有基础原料和农用物资原料的双重属性,同时,磷矿又是不可再生的战略资源.在国民经济中具有重要的地位.介绍我国磷矿资源的特征及通过对矿山开发利用的整治后凸显的新特点,提出磷肥行业认真对待磷资源新特点的几点意见.     

陕西省大荔县县级餐饮业原料的主要卫生问题及对策

目的了解陕西省大荔县县级及乡镇级不同规模餐饮单位原料相关卫生问题，为食品卫生安全管理提供依据。方法随机抽取全县202户餐饮业，自行设计调查表，采用问卷调查和现场检查相结合的调查方法。结果大型餐饮单位各种控制措施较好，中型餐饮单位次之，小型餐饮单位最差（P〈0．05），原料卫生问题是：使用商标标识不易辨认或无商品标签；使用无产地、厂名、生产日期、保质期的定型包装食品；不能按批次索证；小型餐饮食品采购人员卫生知识普遍差。结论餐饮单位原料采购过程中存在问题较多，可以通过加强管理，健全各项制度，组织监督员和从业人员培训等对策得到改善和解决。     

化工工人健康状况及其与工作能力的关系

[目的]调查化工工人健康状况和工作能力,为提高工人的身体健康和工作能力提供依据。[方法]整群抽样选择某地区化工工人1 089名。用工作能力指数量表（W AI）评价工作能力,用问卷和职业健康检查结果相结合的方法对健康状况进行调查。[结果]1 089名化工工人中经医生确诊患有疾病者为508名（46.6%）,其工作能力的总得分和单项得分均低于健康工人（P﹤0.01）,不同性别以及不同劳动类型化工个人的健康得分差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）;随着年龄的增高健康得分呈下降趋势（P﹤0.01）;健康状况得分与工作能力之间存在着密切的相关关系（r=0.529,P﹤0.05）。[结论]化工工人的健康状况不容忽视,改善工作环境,促进身体健康,对提高工人的工作能力有重要作用。     

区域协同医疗服务体系创新战略研究

为制定区域协同医疗服务体系创新战略,应用系统论和协同论观点,将区域协同医疗服务体系的创新从横向和纵向进行划分。横向上分为以区域创新为主的支撑保障层、以自主创新为主的核心动力层和以模式创新为主的外在表现层;纵向上分为创新要素层和实施操作层。构建以信息技术为支撑的区域协同医疗服务体系必须将自主创新、模式创新和区域创新作为战略取向。这是消除医疗信息孤岛、促进区域协同医疗服务体系长期可持续发展的必由之路。     

中国制药业发展趋势分析

我国制药企业并购浪朝高涨，药品价格处于下行通道，现代生物技术药挑战化学药地位，非处方药快速发展，化学制剂增长稳定，化学原料药增长趋缓，仿制药、传统中药面临大的发展空间，对制药企业既是机遇也是挑战。现对我国制药业的发展趋势作一分析。     

Update of a study of crude oil production workers 1946-94

OBJECTIVE—To update information on workers in the petroleum industry engaged in the production of crude oil to determine whether the patterns of mortality have changed with 14 additional years of follow up.
METHODS—All workers were employed at company production and pipeline locations sometime during 1946-94. The cohort now consists of 24 124 employees with an average of 22 years of follow up.
RESULTS—The overall mortality, and most cause specific mortalities were lower than or similar to those for the general United States population. For white men (81% of the cohort), there were 4361 observed deaths and 5945 expected, resulting in a significantly lower standardised mortality ratio (SMR) of 73. There were significant deficits for all the leading causes of death in the United States including all cancers, cancer of the lung, stroke, heart disease, respiratory disease, and accidents. Slightly increased mortality was found for cancer of the prostate, cancer of the brain and central nervous system, and cancer of other lymphatic tissue. For benign and unspecified neoplasms, the SMR was 152 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 95 to 230). There was a significant increase for acute myelogenous leukaemia that was restricted to people who were first employed before 1940 and who were employed in production and pipeline jobs for >30 years. Overall mortality patterns for non-white men and women were similar to those for white men. Mortality patterns for white men were also examined by duration of employment, time first employed, and by job group.
CONCLUSIONS—The results of the updated study showed a favourable mortality experience for crude oil production workers compared with the United States population.


Keywords: petroleum industry; occupational cancer; mortality; crude oil