Shenfu Injection(参附注射液) Suppresses Inflammation by Targeting Haptoglobin and Pentraxin 3 in Rats with Chronic Ischemic Heart Failure

Objective:To investigate the regulatory effects of Shenfu Injection(SFI,参附注射液) on hemodynamic parameters and serum proteins in rats with post-infarction chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods:Forty-five healthy Wistar rats were randomized into three groups:sham,heart failure(model) and SFI group.The CHF was induced by left coronary artery ligation.Seven days after the surgical operation,animals in the sham group and the model group received saline(6.2 mL/kg/d),while animals in the SFI group received SFI(6.2 mL/kg·d) intraperitoneally.Four weeks later,cardiac hemodynamic parameters were measured via the carotid route.The expression of serum proteins was analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer(MALDI-TOF MS).Results:Recording of hemodynamic parameters showed that left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),maximum rate of left ventricular pressure(+dp/dt_(max)) rise,and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure(-dp/dt_(max)) decrease,while the left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP) rose in the model group compared to those in the sham group(P0.05).The results of the MALDI-TOF MS indicated that haptoglobin(HP),pentraxin 3(PTX3) and alpha-1-antitrypsin were up-regulated,while serum albumin and 40 S ribosomal protein were down-regulated in the model group(P0.05).Compared with the model group,LVSP,+dp/dt_(max)and-dp/dt_(max) were higher,while LVEDP was lower in the SFI group(P0.05).Expression levels of HP and PTX3 were lower than in the model group(P0.05).Conclusion:SFI could improve hemodynamic function and decrease inflammatory reactions in the pathophysiology of CHF.The serum proteins HP and PTX3 could be potential biomarkers for chronic ischemic heart failure,and they could also be the serum protein targets of SFI.     

咯利普兰在骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化中的作用

目的 研究咯利普兰在体外骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞诱导分化过程中的作用.方法 体外分离培养小鼠股骨骨髓间充质干细胞,随机分为咯利普兰10 μmol/L组(A组)和对照组(B组).骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨诱导分化后,检测碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性;Western blot检测Runx2和骨钙素表达;茜素红染色观察钙结节形成情况.结果 与B组相比,A组ALP活性及Runx2、骨钙素表达均增加(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),钙结节形成更加明显.结论 咯利普兰能提高体外骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞诱导分化的能力.     

Prevalence and Correlates of the Use of Prefilled Syringes Among Persons Who Inject Drugs in San Diego,CA

Persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk for blood-borne virus (BBV) infections and overdose resulting from high-risk injecting practices. Studies of prefilled syringe use ([PFSU] using a syringe that already contained drug solution when it was obtained by the user), an injection practice previously described in Eastern Europe, suggest that it increases susceptibility to BBV. However, little is known about this practice in the USA. Data were obtained from an ongoing cohort study of PWID to determine the prevalence and assess correlates of PFSU in San Diego, CA. Baseline interviews assessed socio-demographics and drug use behaviors. Logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with ever using a prefilled syringe (yes/no). Participants (n = 574) were predominately males (73.9 %) and white (50.9 %) with a mean age of 43.4 years (range 18–80); 33.3 % reported ever using prefilled syringes, although only 4.9 % reported use in the past 6 months. In multivariable analyses, PFSU was independently associated with ever having a rushed injection due to police presence [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.51, 95 % CI 1.66, 3.79], ever being in prison (AOR = 1.80, 95 % CI 1.23, 2.63), injecting most often in public versus private places in the past 6 months (AOR = 1.66, 95 % CI 1.11, 2.48), and injecting drugs in Mexico (AOR = 1.70, 95 % CI 1.16, 2.49). Results indicate that a history of PFSU is common and associated with environmental factors that may also increase risk for adverse health outcomes. Studies are needed to better understand PFSU in order to develop interventions to prevent adverse outcomes associated with their use.     

Bone-tissue engineering: complex tunable structural and biological responses to injury,drug delivery,and cell-based therapies

Bone loss and failure of proper bone healing continues to be a significant medical condition in need of solutions that can be implemented successfully both in human and veterinary medicine. This is particularly true when large segmental defects are present, the bone has failed to return to normal form or function, or the healing process is extremely prolonged. Given the inherent complexity of bone tissue – its unique structural, mechanical, and compositional properties, as well as its ability to support various cells – it is difficult to find ideal candidate materials that could be used as the foundation for tissue regeneration from technological platforms. Recently, important developments have been made in the implementation of complex structures built both at the macro- and the nano-level that have been shown to positively impact bone formation and to have the ability to deliver active biological molecules (drugs, growth factors, proteins, cells) for controlled tissue regeneration and the prevention of infection. These materials are diverse, ranging from polymers to ceramics and various composites. This review presents developments in this area with a focus on the role of scaffold structure and chemistry on the biologic processes that influence bone physiology and regeneration.     

2011-2013年我院中药注射剂使用情况分析

目的:了解我院中药注射剂使用情况,为临床合理使用中药注射剂提供参考。方法:对我院2011-2013年中药注射剂使用种类、销售金额、用药频度、日均费用、药品销售金额与用药频度排序比进行统计分析。结果:我院中药注射剂品种数稳中有增,从2011年的17种增至2013年的20种;使用频度及用药金额逐年增长,分别从2011年的25 822.117和13.270万元增至2013年的40 970.933和37.037万元;活血化瘀类中药注射剂占主导地位;价格较低的药物应用较多。结论:我院中药注射剂使用呈上升趋势,销售与使用同步性趋于良好,临床应用应综合考虑患者病情、药物疗效、不良反应和药物价格等因素。     

注射剂溶媒选择与说明书不符致医患矛盾3例分析

目的探讨药物溶媒选择与药品说明书不符致医患矛盾的处理,为医院多学科处理医患矛盾提供参考。方法对于注射用奥美拉唑钠、注射用丙氨酰谷氨酰胺及胺碘酮注射液3种药物因为稀释溶媒与药品说明书不符所引起医患矛盾进行了分析,药师发挥了在处理此类纠纷方面的积极作用。结果通过药师的药学服务和用药宣教工作,医患矛盾得以化解。结论医院应发挥药师专业技术特长,开展合理用药的药学服务工作,减少因不合理用药和药物配伍不当引起的医患矛盾和医患纠纷。     

不同人口学特征老年人的骨密度评测结果

目的 分析不同人口学特征老年人的骨密度评测结果,为老年人骨质疏松的早期预防提供依据.方法 对2012年9月-2013年5月武警后勤学院附属医院老年门诊就诊的728名60岁及以上老年人群,进行骨密度测定和一般人口学调查.结果 老年人腰椎、股骨颈、Ward三角3个部位骨密度及T值评测结果分别为(0.90±0.44)、(0.67±0.15)、(0.48±0.17)和(-1.80±1.79)分,其中Ward三角骨密度值最低.多因素分析显示,影响腰椎评测结果的有性别和运动;影响股骨颈评测结果的有性别、年龄、婚姻、职业和运动,影响Ward三角、T值评测结果的有性别、年龄、婚姻和运动;男性＞女性,运动量较多＞中等＞少者,非劳力＞劳力者,60岁～＞65岁～＞70岁～＞75岁～,老伴健在＞丧偶者(P＜0.05),其中性别和运动是影响老年人骨密度及T值评测结果的共同因素.结论 不同人口特征老年人的骨密度评测结果不同,高龄、女性、丧偶、运动少、劳力型职业的老年人骨密度低,为骨质疏松的高风险人群,应重点关注该群体,进行早期预防.     

Risk for osteoporosis and fracture with glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoid use is ubiquitous and is associated with multiple adverse reactions. Among them, osteoporosis and bone fractures are of our concern. In this review, we present current evidence on the effect of glucocorticoids on bone mineral density and the risk of fractures, the mechanisms underlying those effects, and the recommendations for monitoring and treating patients who take them.The bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and total hip is lower, and the risk of fractures is higher in glucocorticoid users than non-users. These effects have a rapid onset, are dose-dependent, and improve soon after discontinuation of glucocorticoids. They also appear to occur even with non-systemic routes of administration and with low doses.Glucocorticoids reduce bone mineral density by increasing osteoclast activity and decreasing osteoblast and osteocyte activity. Calcium metabolism and parathyroid hormone activity are less important than was initially thought.Treatment decisions are on risk stratification using clinical, radiographic, and prediction tools. Our armamentarium for the treatment and prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis includes calcium and vitamin D, bisphosphonates, recombinant parathyroid hormone, monoclonal antibodies against receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, and hormone treatments.     

血栓通辅助治疗骨外伤的疗效观察

目的：探讨血栓通辅助治疗骨外伤的疗效。方法选取都昌县中医院2013年7月—2014年7月收治的46例骨外伤患者,将患者随机分成观察组与对照组,每组23例。两组患者均给予手法复位或者手术切开复位,对照组辅以活血止痛胶囊治疗,观察组辅以静脉滴注血栓通粉针治疗,比较两组患者临床疗效及愈合时间。结果观察组总有效率（91.30%）高于对照组（82.61%）,愈合时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。结论血栓通辅助治疗骨外伤效果显著,能够缩短愈合时间,提升疗效。