520例婴幼儿小阴唇粘连的治疗体会

目的探讨钝性分离婴幼儿小阴唇粘连的临床效果。方法对520例婴幼儿小阴唇粘连患儿,采用钝性分离方法进行治疗。结果520例中,除26例因分离后护理不当,再次不完全粘连外,其余494例患儿全部治愈,治愈率达95%。结论分离术后采用正确的护理,是减少复发的最有效方法。     

滕州市婴儿麻疹发病影响因素的病例对照研究

目的探讨婴儿麻疹的流行特征及危险因素,为制定消除麻疹策略提供依据。方法对滕州市2008年1～5月疫情上报的所有70例婴儿麻疹病人进行调查分析。对其中无麻疹疫苗接种史的65例和非麻疹婴儿166人进行影响麻疹发病因素的病例对照调查,采用非条件Logistic回归模型进行影响因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果,婴儿就诊史、流动人口、母亲麻疹疫苗接种史是影响麻疹发病的危险因素,OR值分别为18.224、8.106和0.123。结论有就诊史、流动人口为婴儿麻疹发病的危险因素,母亲有麻疹疫苗接种史为保护因素。     

Decreased brain tryptophan availability as a partial determinant of post-partum blues

BACKGROUND: The post-partum blues is a transient mood alteration affecting most women a few days after delivery. Its stereotypic pattern of symptoms and time course, peaking on post-partum day 3-5, is suggestive of biological determinants superimposed on psycho-social factors. This study was designed to evaluate the possible role of the serotonin system during this period through assessment of brain tryptophan availability. METHODS: Blood samples from 50 women were collected just before (D0) and 3 days after (D3) delivery. Based on plasma concentration of tryptophan, amino acids competing with tryptophan for transport across the blood-brain barrier and on their respective affinities for this transporter, a brain tryptophan availability index (BTAI) was calculated and its variation correlated with the intensity of post-partum blues evaluated through the Kennerley and Gath score at D3. RESULTS: The BTAI showed a -15% decrease between D0 and D3 (p < 0.01, paired t-test). This decrease was not supported by a drop in plasma tryptophan since its level rather increased (+19%). There was no evidence for change in placental indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase activity since the variation in plasma l-kynurenine (+12%) paralleled the change in tryptophan level. The decreased BTAI appeared the consequence of a dramatic increase in plasma levels of most amino acids, particularly the competitor aminoacids leucine, isoleucine, valine and tyrosine, during the early post-partum. This decrease in brain tryptophan availability was concomitant to the post-partum blues, whose intensity significantly correlated with the amplitude of BTAI variation (Pearson's coefficient -0.283, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that generalized, large amplitude metabolic and/or nutritional changes occurring in the early post-partum result in a transient decrease in brain tryptophan availability, partly accounting for the mood alteration referred to as the post-partum blues, a model for the triggering of puerperal mood disorder in vulnerable women.     

A pilot project to design, implement and evaluate an electronic integrated care pathway

The project focused on the design, implementation and evaluation of an electronic integrated care pathway (eICP), within a Mother and Baby Unit. Health care professionals and service users (stakeholders) were involved in the process in order to promote patient centred, co-constructed care. Questionnaire and discussion groups were used for data collection regarding the initial eICP development. Of 15 participants who took part in the design and development of the eICP, seven were able to take part in the evaluation process on the Unit. Results show that 100% (n = 7) of the participants were in agreement with the eICP and the format that was produced and implemented for trial on the Unit. Increased ownership of records, greater multi disciplinary involvement and enhanced patient experience were also reported. Recommendations for clinical practice include resource management, ownership of the research group, holism maintenance and the acquisition of computer skills.     

Baby boomers' use and perception of recommended assistive technology: A systematic review

Purpose.?The objective of this article is to review published studies to describe issues and quality of evidence surrounding assistive technology (AT) use by the baby boomer generation. As the baby boomer generation are ageing, they represent a new era for aged health care. In terms of helping this generation maintain independence, it is expected that there will be an increased demand for AT.

Method.?A systematic literature search of Medline, CINAHL and Cochrane was undertaken. Selected studies were critically appraised using a previously validated tool. Inclusion criteria were: research related to AT use by a population which includes baby boomers; published in peer-reviewed journals and full-text English language articles. Studies were based in acute rehabilitation units in the USA and Australia. Frequency of use and patient satisfaction surveys were the main outcome measures.

Results.?A total of 11 eligible studies were reviewed. All were cross-sectional. Many studies indicated a significant rate of AT non-use; use rates ranged from 35% to 86.5%. Numerous factors influencing use were proposed. Study quality was upper-mid range.

Conclusions.?Baby boomers will place more demand on AT in the future. There is a need for high-quality research to verify current findings and highlight AT issues specific to this generation.     

Baby walkers —an underestimated hazard for our children?

Baby walkers (BWs) continue to be a frequent cause of head injuries in young children. A random sample survey of 240 families with children aged 2–6 years revealed a use rate of bady walkers of 55%. Of the children using baby walkers 20% were found to have suffered a BW-related accident. In a retrospective study we reviewed 172 case reports of infants who suffered a BW-related injury between January 1990 and June 1993. We observed 19 skull fractures, 23 concussions of the brain and 125 contusions and lacerations of the head including 4 teeth luxations and 3 fractures or distorsions of the upper extremity. BW-related injuries represent the third most common mode of injury in children aged 7–14 months. We conclude that despite previous warnings BW still represent a frequent cause of severe head injuries in young children. We recommend a general ban on the sale and manufacture of BWs.     

浓缩维生素AD滴剂加达克宁散与婴儿热痱粉治疗红臀的应用比较

目的:比较浓缩维生素AD滴剂加达克宁散与婴儿热痱粉对红臀治疗的效果。方法:对6 0例因腹泻所致臀红的患儿,随机分为两组,对照组30例采用局部涂婴儿热痱粉,实验组30例采用局部涂浓缩维生素AD滴剂加达克宁散。结果:对照组总有效率76 .7% ,实验组总有效率10 0 %。结论:浓缩维生素AD滴剂加达克宁散治疗红臀效果好,而且简便、安全。     

Rickets of prematurity: calcium and phosphorus supplementation

Seventy-four infants weighing less than 1500 gm at birth were fed enterally from birth until day 47. Group A (18 infants) were given SMA Gold Cap: group B (18 infants), supplementary calcium to 21 mmol/L (84 mg/dl); group C (16 infants), further calcium supplementation to 31.2 mmol/L (125 mg/dl); and group D (22 infants), milk with calcium content 31.2 mmol/L (125 mg/dl) and phosphorus supplementation to 15.7 mmol/L (49 mg/dl). The addition of calcium reduced the radiologic evidence of rickets, and combined calcium and phosphorus supplementation maintained plasma alkaline phosphatase activity within the normal range for 6 weeks.     

健康长寿的奥秘就藏在婴儿身上——仿婴养生法

婴儿的形态行为,都是先天的本能行为,每一种行为都有它特定的功能,仿婴养生,是法于自然,利于健康的生存之道.如果人们要拥有健康长寿,就要把丢弃的不可替代的婴儿阶段的动态行为找回来,并且要年复一年日复一日地重复它.