SKY椎体后凸成形术与PVP对骨质疏松多椎体压缩骨折责任椎体选择性治疗的比较

目的探讨SKY椎体后凸成形术与PVP对骨质疏松多椎体压缩骨折责任椎体选择性治疗的疗效对比,评价治疗骨质疏松多椎体压缩骨折责任椎体的有效方法。方法分别于术前、术后2周、术后6月、18个月进行疼痛强度视觉类比评分,观察患者的疼痛症状及生活治疗改善程度。结果 52例手术均成功完成,每个椎体的骨水泥灌注量为3-6mL。两组手术方法术前、术后VAS评分P值分别<0.05,余比较不具统计学意义,两组手术方法术前、术后SF-36评分P值分别<0.05,余比较不具统计学意义。结论无论是SKY椎体后凸成形术或PVP对骨质疏松多椎体压缩骨折选择性治疗均可取得良好的效果,相比PVP,SKY椎体后凸成形术更具优势,但价格昂贵,限制了它的使用。     

延续性护理模式在椎动脉型颈椎病患者中的应用效果分析

目的:观察延续性护理模式在椎动脉型颈椎病患者中的应用效果。方法:将100例椎动脉型颈椎病患者随机分为观察组、对照组各50例。观察组采用延续性护理模式配合优质护理服务进行临床护理,对照组采用常规护理模式进行护理。观察2组颈椎功能障碍指数,自我护理能力及遵医嘱情况。结果:颈椎功能障碍指数出院后3个月、出院时与入院时2组组内比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);出院后3个月与出院时2组组内比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);出院时、出院后3个月时2组组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。自我护理能力2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);遵医嘱情况2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:延续性护理模式能缓解患者的临床症状,提高患者的自我护理能力,促提高患者的遵医情况。     

Differentiating Dementia with Lewy Bodies from Alzheimer's Disease Using the Fall Risk Evaluation Questionnaire

Objective Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second-most common form of neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer''s disease (AD). Falls are a vital prognostic factor in patients with dementia and are a characteristic feature of DLB. This study investigated the screening potential of the fall risk evaluation for DLB and compared it with that of AD to facilitate an accurate diagnosis. Methods We enrolled patients diagnosed with DLB (n=410) and AD (n=2,683) and categorized the participants into 3 groups depending on their physical ability, age, cognitive function, and fall events. Using the Fall Risk Index-21 (FRI-21) questionnaire, we evaluated and comparatively analyzed the fall risk between DLB and AD patients in three defined groups of participants. Results The FRI-21 score was significantly higher in DLB patients than in AD patients in every group. Using this score, we were able to distinguish between DLB and AD patients in each group. Among the three groups, the group with a young age, relatively mild cognitive dysfunction, and no fall events exhibited the best specificity for DLB (0.895). Conclusions The FRI-21 is a useful tool for screening for DLB and differentiating it from AD. This questionnaire can be used at a relatively early stage of the disease in young patients with mild cognitive dysfunction and no history of falling. These preliminary results need to be validated in an interventional study to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitative measures and daily environmental changes carried out to prevent falls using this tool.     

Vertical split fracture of the vertebral body following oblique lumbar interbody fusion: A case report

Rationale:Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is an effective and safe surgical technique widely used for treating spondylolisthesis; however, its use is controversial because of several associated complications, including endplate injury. We report a rare vertebral body fracture following OLIF in a patient with poor bone quality.Patient concerns:A 72-year-old male patient visited our clinic for 2 years with lower back pain, leg radiating pain, and intermittent neurogenic claudication.Diagnoses:Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging revealed L4-5 stenosis.Intervention:We performed OLIF with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation and L4 subtotal decompressive laminectomy. We resected the anterior longitudinal ligament partially for anterior column release and inserted a huge cage to maximize segmental lordosis. No complications during and after the operation were observed. Further, the radiating pain and back pain improved, and the patient was discharged. Two weeks after the operation, the patient visited the outpatient department complaining of sudden recurred pain, which occurred while going to the bathroom. Radiography and computed tomography revealed a split fracture of the L5 body and an anterior cage displacement. In revision of OLIF, we removed the dislocated cage and filled the bone cement between the anterior longitudinal ligament and empty disc space. Further, we performed posterior lumbar interbody fusion L4-5, and the screw was extended to S1.Outcomes:After the second surgery, back pain and radiating pain in the left leg improved, and he was discharged without complications.Lesson:In this case, owing to insufficient intervertebral space during L4-5 OLIF, a huge cage was used to achieve sufficient segmental lordosis after anterior column release, but a vertebral body coronal fracture occurred. In patients with poor bone quality and less flexibility, a huge cage and over-distraction could cause a vertebral fracture; hence, selecting an appropriate cage or considering a posterior approach is recommended.     

基于影像学特征对骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折病人经皮椎体成形术后同椎体再发骨折的预测研究

目的 探讨基于影像学特征对骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折（OVCF）病人经皮椎体成形术（PVP）后的列线图模型预测术椎椎体再发骨折的价值。方法 回顾性纳入急性OVCF并行PVP后的病人93例。所有病人均行X线及MRI检查,根据椎体再发骨折诊断标准将病人分为再发骨折组（48例）和无再发骨折组（45例）。采用t检验和卡方检验比较2组间临床资料及影像特征的差异,对差异有统计学意义的指标进行多因素Logistic回归分析,获取再发骨折的独立危险因素,采用R软件建立列线图模型并绘制其校准曲线。采用受试者操作特征（ROC）曲线评估模型的预测效能,计算ROC曲线下面积（AUC）。应用校准曲线对列线图模型进行验证。结果 再发骨折组的椎体高度恢复率、延伸至终板的骨折线、椎体内裂隙（IVC）、骨水泥周围积液及骨水泥-终板未接触（NPEC）与无再发骨折组的差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;多因素Logistic回归分析显示延伸至终板的骨折线[优势比（OR）=3.232]、存在IVC(OR=27.117)和NPEC(OR=1.993)及较高的椎体高度恢复率（OR=2.943）为同椎体再发骨折的独立危险因素（...     

基于人工智能的骨龄辅助评价系统对四川地区完全性生长激素缺乏症患儿骨龄研究

目的 探讨采用基于“人工智能(AI)的骨龄辅助评价系统(上海初云医疗科技有限公司与四川大学华西第二医院合作开发)”(以下简称为AI系统)对完全性生长激素缺乏症(CGHD)患儿诊断及骨龄评价准确性。方法 选择2014年7月至2019年11月,于四川大学华西第二医院确诊的66例来自四川地区CGHD患儿为研究对象,纳入研究组。选择同期于病例收集医院儿童保健科进行骨龄测定的67例来自四川地区身高达标儿童作为对照,纳入对照组。对每例受试儿进行左手腕关节正位X射线摄片骨龄测定,由2位医师采用《TW₂骨龄评分法中国未成年人南方标准》(以下简称为TW₂CHN)》与《TW₃骨龄评分法标准》(以下简称为TW₃),盲法评价受试儿TW₂CHN-桡、尺、掌指骨(RUS)与TW₂CHN-腕骨(carpal)、TW₂CHN-20、TW₃-RUS及TW₃-carpal骨龄(以下简称为5种传统骨龄),以及以同性别、年龄身高达...     

院内脓毒症风险管理系统设计与实现

介绍脓毒症防治现状及存在的问题,详细阐述应用人工智能技术构建院内脓毒症风险管理系统的方法,分析系统应用效果,指出该系统可实现患者住院期间脓毒症筛查指标、诊断指标的持续监测与及时预警。     

前牵引治疗不同时期上颌发育不足患者疗效评价

目的 应用头颅定位侧位片分析上颌发育不足患者在不同生长发育阶段进行前牵引治疗的临床效果。方法 选取2018年1月至2020年12月于上海交通大学附属第九人民医院口腔正畸科完成前牵引治疗的上颌发育不足患者36例,根据头颅定位侧位片颈椎骨龄分期（cervical vertebral maturation method,CVM）,分为生长发育高峰前期组（CVMⅠ～Ⅱ期）7例、生长发育高峰期组（CVMⅢ～Ⅳ期）17例以及生长发育后期组（CVMⅤ～Ⅵ期）12例。各组患者治疗前后分别拍摄头颅定位侧位片,对其软硬组织相关指标进行测量分析。结果 骨性矢状向指标上牙槽座角（SNA角）、上颌突距（A-Np）、前鼻嵴点至垂直参考轴的距离（VRL-ANS）、上牙槽座点至垂直参考轴的距离（VRL-A）、有效上颌长度（Co-A）、上下牙槽座点交角（ANB角）、Wits值在3组治疗前后的差异均有统计学意义（P <0.05）,其中治疗后生长发育高峰前期组A-Np改变值[（2.61±1.11）mm]与生长发育后期组[（1.00±0.82）mm]相比,差异有统计学意义（P=0.017）;骨性垂直向指标腭平面倾斜角（...     

嗜铬细胞瘤伴双侧颈动脉体瘤影像表现并文献复习

目的 探讨1例肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤（PCC）伴双侧颈动脉体瘤（CBT）的临床特征和影像学特点,以提高对此类病例的认识。方法 回顾性分析1例经手术病理证实为肾上腺PCC伴双侧CBT的CT、MRI表现及临床病理特征,并复习相关文献。结果 病人临床表现无特异性。右侧肾上腺PCC于平扫CT上密度较均一,增强后明显强化,内见低强化区。CBT于头颈部血管CT(CTA)上呈明显不均匀强化团块影,高分辨MRI(HR-MRI)呈混杂信号团块影,其内有多发血管流空信号。病理结果显示线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶B(SDHB)（+）。结论 肾上腺PCC合并双侧CBT临床罕见,其影像表现具有一定特征,SDHB（+）可能与病灶的多发性有关。     

人工流产与早产关系的妇产科学前瞻性研究

目的研究妇女人工流产次数对再孕后发生早产几概率的关系。方法对我院2010年1月至2012年12月分娩的产妇其早产儿的发生率与其既往人工流产史的关系进行了回顾性分析研究。采用卡方检验进行统计学分析。结果有3次或3次以上人工流产的产妇组与无人工流产史的产妇组其再孕后早产儿发生率χ2=7．3279,P=0．01-0．005呈显著性差异,而有1次或2次人工流产史组的产妇与无人工流产史的产妇再孕后发生早产几的概率χ2=1．41844,P=0．25-0．01．χ2=0.9148,P=0．5—0．25无明显差异。结论有1次或2次人工流产史对再孕后发生早产儿的概率虽无显明影响但人工流产次数过多可引起早产儿发生概率明显增加。