Fine T-Cell Subsets in Alcoholics as Determined by the Expression of l-Selectin, Leukocyte Common Antigen, and β-Integrin

Alcoholics admitted to the hospital solely for detoxication have been studied by flow cytometry to evaluate changes in the surface markers of peripheral blood leukocytes. As we have shown previously, such patients have an elevated percentage of CD8^hl lymphocytes that are HLA DR⁺; we now demonstrate that they also have striking alterations in the quantitative relationships of the fine T-cell subsets. Both CD4⁺ and CD8^hl lymphocytes have a sharply reduced percentage of the l -selectin⁺ CD45RA⁺ subset, increased percentages of the CD45RA-subsets, and several other fine subset alterations. The fine subset profile suggests, according to current correlations of phenotype and function, that both CD4⁺ suppressor inducer and CD4-dependent CD8⁺ suppressor effector cells are reduced, whereas other subsets, including CD8⁺ CTL or their precursors, are increased in relative percentages. Some of the phenotypic changes are reversible over the several days following withdrawal. In other results, the percentage of CD8^hl lymphocytes expressing CD11b (β-integrin) is shown to be reciprocal with the percentage expressing l -selectin both in normals and alcoholics. However, the regression function of CD11b vs. l -selectin on CD8^hl cells is different for the alcoholics than for the normals, indicating an abnormality in the regulation of the expression of these two adhesion markers. Taken together, this abnormality of adhesion molecules and the fine subset alterations previously described indicate widespread changes in the peripheral lymphocytes of currently drinking alcoholics. These changes suggest functional deficiencies that may include alterations of lymphocyte traffic and other adhesion-dependent functions, and a shift in the balance of regulatory interactions.     

血清CA125检测对子宫内膜异位症的临床诊断价值

目的 :探讨血清CA12 5测定对术前子宫内膜异位症的诊断价值。方法 :99例子宫内膜异位症经腹手术前测定CA12 5水平 ,并与 90例作对照比较。结果 :子宫内膜异位症CA12 5阳性率 >3 5U /ml,为 5 7.5 7% ,对照组为 8.88% (P <0 .0 1)。内膜异位囊肿高于卵巢囊肿 (P <0 .0 1) ,子宫腺肌病高于子宫肌瘤 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :血清CA12 5测定对子宫内膜异位症有较理想的诊断价值 ,对异位囊肿与卵巢囊肿 ,子宫腺肌病与子宫肌瘤有鉴别意义     

Competitive dissociation of encephalitogenic complexes between antigen presenting cells and myelin basic protein

Splenic T cells from myelin basic protein (MBP)-immunised Lewis rats were activated to transfer experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by co-culture with MBP-pulsed lymphoid dendritic cells (DC). MBP-pulsed DC could be kept for at least 24 h at 37 degrees C in antigen-free medium without affecting their ability subsequently to activate encephalitogenic T cells. However, MBP-pulsed DC were rendered much less stimulatory after a 6 h, but not 2 h, secondary incubation with ovalbumin. Thus, although encephalitogenic complexes between MBP and DC appear very stable in the absence of competing antigens, in their presence, antigen exchange can take place over a period of a few hours; this has positive implications for therapy of EAE by antigen competition.     

Phenytoin desensitization monitored by antigen specific T cell response using carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester dilution assay

We evaluated drug-specific T cell responses in a patient with refractory partial seizures and paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis successfully treated with clinical desensitization to phenytoin. Drug-induced lymphocyte transformation test before desensitization was negative with a stimulation index of 130%. The frequencies and cytokine-producing phenotypes of phenytoin-specific T cells were examined simultaneously by using a carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dilution assay. Before desensitization, the proportion of CFSElow CD4+ cells in whole CD4+ was 3.09%; 13.6% of CFSElow CD4+ cells were stained with anti-interferon gamma antibody. After desensitization, phenytoin-specific CFSElow CD4+ cells decreased to background level. These results indicate that CFSE dilution assay will be useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of drug hypersensitivity.     

小儿重肾31例分析

目的　探讨小儿重肾的诊断及治疗。方法　对我院 1989～ 2 0 0 1年收治的 3 1例小儿重肾进行回顾性分析。结果　 3 1例中有 2 3例患儿接受 2 6次手术 ,有 16例行上半重肾及输尿管切除 ,其中有 2例须处理输尿管残端及盲袋所致的梗阻。 2 2例手术后恢复较好 ,仅 1例伴有轻度的尿失禁。结论　对于重肾伴肾积水或发育不良所致的各种临床表现应首先考虑做上半肾及输尿管大部切除术。B超、CT及静脉肾盂造影术 (IVP)对诊断分型有意义。     

复方肾华治疗大鼠改良慢性血清病肾炎的实验研究

目的　观察复方肾华胶囊对改良大鼠慢性血清病肾炎模型的治疗作用。方法　采取传统大鼠慢性血清病肾炎模型制作方法加上切除大鼠一侧肾脏、隔日饮饲牛血清白蛋白 (BSA)酸化水、腹腔注射大肠杆菌内毒素 (LPS)等措施 ,制作肾炎模型 ,与西药蒙诺作对照 ,观察中药肾华对肾炎大鼠尿蛋白、血生化、凝血指标、肾功能、病理、免疫荧光以及增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)表达的作用。结果　肾华胶囊能够显著减轻肾炎大鼠肾脏重量及肾重指数、降低肾炎大鼠尿蛋白、升高血清蛋白、降低胆固醇、甘油三酯、改善肾功能、纠正凝血功能紊乱、减轻肾脏病理改变、减轻免疫荧光变化、减弱PCNA的表达。结论　中药肾华胶囊对大鼠慢性血清病肾炎模型有较好的治疗作用     

肿瘤微环境对树突细胞功能状态的影响

目的：探讨肿瘤细胞分泌的可溶性细胞因子营造的微环境对树突细胞(DCs，dendritic cells)的分化发育的影响，以进一步揭示肿瘤的免疫逃逸机制。方法：用免疫磁珠从人外周血分离CD14^ 单核细胞，加入粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、白细胞介素4(IL-4)和人白血病细胞Jurkat培养上清液体外培养DCs，以正常培养诱导的DCs作为对照，采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)技术分析人白血病细胞培养上清液对DCs分化发育的影响。结果：正常培养DCs与肿瘤上清液培养的DCs相比，在细胞内蛋白质和核酸的相对含量和细胞内消耗葡萄糖重新合成磷脂的量方面差异无显著性，但是，在细胞的转录状态方面差异有显著性。结论：肿瘤细胞上清液培养液所营造的微环境细胞转录水平上对DCs的功能状态有明显的抑制作用。     

The effect of the selective PAF antagonist CIS-19 on PAF- and antigen-induced bronchoconstriction, microvascular leakage and bronchial hyperreactivity in guinea-pigs

We investigated the effects of a novel platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonist, CIS-19 [cis-2-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-isopropoxy-7-methoxy-1-(N-methylformamido)-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalene], on PAF-, histamine-, substance P- and antigen-induced bronchoconstriction and microvascular leakage, as well as PAF- and antigen-induced bronchial hyperreactivity to methacholine in urethane-anesthetized guinea-pigs. Administration of CIS-19 (0.5–5 mg/kg, i.v.) inhibited the increase in lung resistance induced by PAF (30 ng/kg, i.v.) in a dose-dependent manner, but failed to inhibit the increase induced by histamine (30 μg/kg, i.v.) or substance P (6.5 μg/kg, i.v.). CIS-19 (5 mg/kg, i.v.) did not inhibit the increase in lung resistance induced by ovalbumin (2 mg/kg, i.v.) in actively sensitized guinea-pigs. PAF (30 ng/kg, i.v.)-induced microvascular leakage, measured by the extravasation of Evans blue dye, was dose-dependently inhibited by CIS-19 (0.5–5 mg/kg, i.v.) in the trachea, main bronchi and intrapulmonary airways, but it did not affect histamine (30 μg/kg, i.v.)- or substance P (6.5 μg/kg, i.v.)-induced microvascular leakage at all airway levels. CIS-19 (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) did not affect ovalbumin (2 mg/kg, i.v.)-induced microvascular leakage in all airway levels in actively sensitized guinea-pigs. CIS-19 (2.5 and 5 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly inhibited PAF-induced enhancement of the bronchial response to methacholine, but had no effect on ovalbumin (0.05 mg/kg, i.v.)-induced bronchial hyperreactivity in actively sensitized guinea-pigs. It is concluded that CIS-19 is a potent PAF receptor antagonist which inhibits PAF- but not antigen-induced bronchoconstriction, microvascular leakage and bronchial hyperreactivity. These results suggest that PAF plays little or no role in early airway responses following antigen challenge. Received: 29 April 1996 / Accepted: 10 October 1996     

检测胞浆抗原用于急性白血病免疫分型

目的:探讨胞浆抗原在急性白血病免疫分型中的临床意义。方法:用流式细胞仪检测42例初治急性白血病患者胞浆抗原CyCD_3,CyCD_(22),CyCD_(79a)和MPO。结果:T—ALL阳性胞浆抗原主要表达在CyCD_3,阳性率占88.9％。B—ALL阳性胞浆抗原主要表达在CyCD_(79a),AML主要表达CyMPO。结论:CyCD_3和CyCD_(79a),及MPO可分别作为T—ALL,B—ALL和AML系列特异性标志,对正确诊断白血病提供非常有价值的依据。     

Effect of Postnatal Ethanol Exposure on Expression of Differentiation Antigens of Murine Splenic Lymphocytes

Ethanol is a recognized immunosuppressive agent in the chronic alcoholic. However, the effects of ethanol exposure on the developing immune system have not been extensively investigated. This study evaluated the effects of early postnatal ethanol exposure, via breast milk, on splenic lymphocyte differentiation antigen expression in offspring reared by ethanol-fed mice. Maternal mice were fed a liquid diet containing 20% ethanol-derived calories during pregnancy (E-P), pregnancy and lactation (E-PL), or lactation (E-L). Ad libitumfed (C) and pair-fed (PF) control groups, fed a control liquid diet, were included. Expression of differentiation antigens on splenic lymphocytes from 21-day-old offspring reared by females in 1 of the 3 ethanol exposure conditions was evaluated by flow cytometry. Offspring reared by E-P females had similar numbers of splenic lymphocytes as offspring reared by C and pair-fed during pregnancy (PF-P) females. In contrast, offspring reared by E-PL and E-L females had fewer splenic lymphocytes than both PF-PL and PF-L (respectively), and C offspring. The number of Thy 1.2⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺, and IgG⁺ (B-cell) splenic lymphocytes was reduced in E-PL and E-L offspring compared with PF and C offspring. E-P offspring had fewer CD4⁺ and IgG⁺ splenic lymphocytes than C, but not PF-P, offspring. The percentage of Thy 1.2⁺ splenic lymphocytes was significantly reduced among E-PL and E-L offspring compared with PF-PL and PF-L (respectively), and C offspring. These results suggest that ethanol exposure of female mice during pregnancy, pregnancy and lactation, or lactation alone, alters the phenotypic development of splenic lymphocytes of offspring reared by these females. The greatest effect on differentiation antigen expression occurred when females consumed ethanol during the period of lactation. We speculate that direct exposure of the nursing offspring to ethanol via the breast milk was responsible for the reductions in specific splenic lymphocyte populations. These data demonstrate that mice reared by females fed ethanol during the early postnatal period have a marked depletion of each of the major subpopulations of splenic lymphocytes, and that Thy 1.2⁺ lymphocytes are differentially sensitive to ethanol.