Modification of spontaneous activity in primary vestibular neurons during development in the cat

Summary The spontaneous activity of primary vestibular neurons was studied during postnatal development in the cat. Activities were categorized as regular, intermediate and irregular on the basis of the coefficient of variation. At birth, few regularly firing units were found while the percentage of intermediate and irregular units was high. During development, the percentage of units meeting the criterion of regularity increased steadily with age. At the same time the number of intermediate and irregular units decreased. The average resting rate of all categories of unit showed an increase in firing from birth up to the adult stage, i. e., around the second postnatal month. The mean firing rate of regularly firing units was always higher than the two other categories throughout all the stages of development. These results were compared with similar work performed in the rat.Supported by grants from the C.N.R.S. (E.R.A.-187) and D.G.R.S.T. (no. 79-7-1073)     

聚氨酯抗菌创伤敷料的制备及其灭菌效果的研究

以自制的亲水性聚氨酯软泡沫为载体制备抗菌创伤敷料。对4种抗菌剂(超微二氧化钛粉末、磺胺嘧啶银、磺胺、硝酸银)进行了实验。采用预聚体法、填充法、浸渍法等3种方法将抗菌剂加载于聚氨酯敷料中，测试了抗菌敷料的抗菌性能并进行了比较。结果表明，4种抗菌剂制备的敷料均有抗菌效能。综合考虑抗菌敷料的抗菌性能、手感、颜色、掉粉等因素，将超微二氧化钛粉末、磺胺嘧啶银和磺胺3种抗菌剂，填充加载法制备抗菌创伤敷料，抗菌效果好，     

人膀胱粘膜抗菌多肽的部分纯化及抗菌活性研究

以５％乙酸冲洗正常人膀胱，获得膀胱粘膜酸溶性提取物。电泳凝胶琼脂糖弥散法抗菌实验分析表明，膀胱粘膜酸溶性提取物中有一条主蛋白带（称之为ＨＢＰ）对致病性大肠杆菌ＭＬ－３５Ｐ株有抗菌活性。以超滤方法对膀胱粘膜酸溶性提取物进行分离纯化，获得分子量低于１×１０~４的超滤纯化样品，其中主要含ＨＢＰ。琼脂糖弥散法抗菌实验结果表明，超滤纯化样品对大肠杆菌ＭＬ－３５Ｐ株、绿脓杆菌ＡＴＣＣ２７８５３株、金黄色葡萄球菌ＡＴＣＣ２５９２３株及血链球菌Ｓ_３４Ｓｒ株均有很强的抗菌活性。采用Ｔｒｉｃｉｎｅ－ＳＤＳ－ｐＡＧＥ鉴定，超滤纯化样品主要显示为两条分子量分别为６．７×１０~３和８．５×１０~３的多肽。研究结果首次提示，人膀胱粘膜内存在抗菌活性很强的内源性抗生肽，是膀胱抗感染防御的主要因素。     

国产替勃龙的激素活性及药效研究

为在国内开发治疗妇女更年期与手术后绝经症的新药 ,对国产替勃龙进行了多项生殖内分泌生物实验 ,结果表明该药兼具雌激素、孕激素及雄激素活性 ,并有延迟排卵作用 ,对大鼠雌激素缺乏性阴道炎也有治疗作用。其药理特性符合临床治疗女性更年期综合症要求。     

Engagement with arts and culture activities in the Danish general population: Longitudinal associations with new onset or persistent depression and mental wellbeing

Objectives

International literature suggests that arts and culture activities may benefit mental health, however, such survey studies conducted in the Danish population are scarce. Further, studies have investigated the associated risk for incident depression, but not for persistent depression. The objective of the current prospective study was to assess associations of engagement in arts and culture activities with incident/persistent depression and also mental wellbeing among Danish adults in the general population.

Design

Observational prospective study.

Methods

Data stem from a Danish nationally representative panel study of 5000 adults (aged 15+ years) conducted in 2019 and 2020, which was linked to Danish register data. An exposure variable was constructed for frequency of attending concerts, theatres, museums, and cinemas. Validated scales were used to assess the presence of depression (PHQ-8) and levels of mental wellbeing (SWEMWBS). Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the risk of incident depression (among participants free of depression at baseline), as well as the risk of persistent depression (among participants with depression at baseline), while multinomial logistic regression was used to assess odds for moderate and high mental wellbeing (low as base outcome) while adjusting for baseline values.

Result

In terms of incident depression, quarterly engagement in arts and culture activities (compared to never) was associated with an OR of .43 (95%CI .23–.80), while 8 times or more was associated with an OR of .53 (.29–.97). In terms of persistent depression, quarterly engagement was associated with an OR of .30 (.10–.90), while 8 times per year or more was associated with an OR of .26 (.07–.92). Similar to the patterns for incident/persistent depression, associations with moderate mental wellbeing showed higher odds for quarterly engagement and 8 times per year or more. Quarterly engagement was also associated with higher odds for high mental wellbeing but did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions

The results support the involvement of the cultural and creative sectors in health strategies. Mental health promotion initiatives as well as arts and culture sectors may encourage the general public to engage in arts and culture activities with frequencies of at least once per quarter.     

An efficient synthesis of 3-(E)-hydroxypropenyl cephem derivatives, key intermediates for 3-(E)-ammoniopropenylcephalosporin antibiotics

An efficient synthesis of 3-(E)-hydroxy- and 3-(E)-acetoxypropenylcephem derivatives, key intermediates for the synthesis of 3-(E)-propenylcephalosporins was achievedvia Stille coupling reaction of 3-trifloxycephem with 3-(E)-tributylstannylallylic alcohol.     

Synthesis andin vitro antibacterial activity of quaternary ammonium cephalosporin derivatives bearing oxazolidinone moiety

Several oxazolidinones having amine moiety were prepared to form a quaternary ammonium salt with cephalosporin nucleus, and antibacterial activity of the quaternary ammonium cephalosporin derivatives bearing oxazolidinone moiety were examined particularly with expectation of dual activity. However, the cephalosporin-oxazolidinone compounds revealed rather weaker antibacterial activity in vitro than their parent oxazolidinone and cephalosporin without showing any characteristic activity as expected.     

Synthesis andin vitro antibacterial activity of C-3′ pyridinium cephalosporin derivatives

The quaternary ammonium cephalosporin derivatives were prepared with various pyridines substituted at the 3 or/and 4 position. Their in vitro antibacterial activities were determined and substituent effect on pyridine nucleus was studied. Preparation of substituted pyridines are also described.     

半红树药用植物杨叶肖槿的化学成分和药理作用研究进展

通过CA检索国内外相关文献，介绍半红树药用植物杨叶肖槿近20年来的化学成分和药理活性的研究进展。杨叶肖槿的主要化学成分为mansonones类化合物，黄酮和三萜，其中mansonones类化合物是杨叶肖槿特有的一类天然产物，药理实验表明其具有抗肿瘤活性，杨叶肖槿具有多种药理和生理活性，是一种很有开发潜力的药用植物。