Hérida Regina Nunes SALGADO,et al:Microbiological assay for the determination of azithromycin in ophthalmic solutionsMicrobiological assay for the determination of azithromycin in ophthalmic solutions

IntroductionAzithromyciniscommercializedbypharmaciesinBrazilinophthalmicsolutionform. Despitetheproveneffectivenessandsafetyinitstreatment, thisdrug,untilthen, doesnotpossessamethodologyofstandar dizedanalysisforophthalmicsolutionsinofficialcom pendiumsan…     

癌性疼痛患者从吗啡向芬太尼持续注入转换的换算比例研究

目的：探讨从吗啡向芬太尼持续注入转换的适当换算比例。方法：通过20例癌性疼痛患者的回顾性临床调查,对疼痛程度、药物不良反应及治疗满意度进行评价。结果：本组转换后1周内稳定(转换前后疼痛强度无明显变化)(Good组)的有17例,不稳定(Poor组)的有3例。芬太尼注射剂和吗啡有同等的镇痛效果；转换后能够减轻副作用、提高满意度。结论：推荐从低剂量吗啡向芬太尼注射剂转换的换算比例是72∶1,并且推测从非低用量吗啡向芬太尼注射剂转换的换算比例小于72∶1有可能达到稳定。但不可能确定从吗啡向芬太尼持续注入转换的具体换算比例,应考虑转换前吗啡用量,再行确定转换的具体比例。     

中药饮片小包装的剂量和质量管理

中药饮片小包装作为一项新型的配方模式的改革,其优势非常明显。但在实际使用中主要存在剂量和质量上的问题。药房应从剂量和质量管理入手,一方面监督生产企业做好小包装的剂量和质量工作,另一方面加强医院药房对小包装的剂量和质量管理,提高配方质量,更好地发挥中药饮片小包装的优势。     

Fluctuations in Tumor Blood Flow under Normotension and the Effect of Angiotensin II-induced Hypertension

To elucidate the significance of angiotensin II (AID-induced hypertension chemotherapy, changes of tissue blood flow both in normal subcutis and in tumors (AH109A, LY80) were measured with the hydrogen gas clearance method. A newly-developed anesthetic machine was used to keep the animals' condition constant. Tissue blood flow in normal subcutis and tumors always fluctuated with time under normotension. The nature and the rate of fluctuation in tumor Wood flow were almost identical in two different types of tumors. However, the fluctuation of blood flow in tumor and that in normal subcutis were almost always inversely related when blood flows in these different tissues were measured simultaneously, i.e., when tissue blood flow in normal subcutis decreased, tumor blood flow increased, and vice versa. The findings supported the idea that the connection mode between the tumor vascular bed and normal vascular bed is a parallel circuit. Vascular resistance in the normal vascular bed under All-induced hypertension seemed to be greater than that under normotension, because the All-increased tumor blood flow always exceeded the maximum tumor blood flow under normotension. Due to the fluctuations of tumor blood flow, no-flow or low-flow areas, resistant to delivery of anti-cancer drugs, moved sporadically within the tumor under the normotensive condition. However, good conditions for drug delivery to tumor tissue were induced by All-induced hypertension.     

人工流产术安桃乐镇痛吸入量的观察

目的 探讨人工流产时安桃乐吸入量与镇痛效果之间的关系.方法 将128例自愿选择安桃乐镇痛下行人工流产的早孕孕妇,用完全随机设计的方法即:将符合纳入标准的病人按就诊的先后顺序编号为1-128号,按顺序依次分别归人l、2、3、4组.按安桃乐吸人流量预置的不同分成4组:1组150 ml/次;2组200 ml/次;3组300 ml/次;4组400 ml/次.比较4组间安桃乐吸入总量、镇痛时间、镇痛效果等指标.结果 4组间个体吸入总量、个体吸人次数、镇痛时间、镇痛效果比较,差异有统计学意义.1组与2组比较:吸人总量,P＞0.05,差异无统计学意义;镇痛时间,P＞0.05,差异无统计学意义;镇痛效果q=11.150,P＜0.01,差异有统计学意义.1组与3组比较:吸入总量、镇痛时间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);镇痛效果差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).2组与3组比较:吸入总量、镇痛时间、镇痛效果差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).2组与4组比较:吸入总量差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),镇痛时间、镇痛效果差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 人工流产时安桃乐镇痛气体恰当的流量预置为200 ml/次,既能达到良好的镇痛效果,又可减少安桃乐气体的吸人总量,是有效的、经济的预置流量.     

婴儿先天性心脏病手术的麻醉处理(附93例报告)

本文报道1990年5月至1996年5月施行的93例婴儿先天性心脏病手术的麻醉处理。患儿平均月龄8．66±3．42个月，平均体重7．52±1．97公斤。麻醉诱导主要采用氯胺酮760±2．60mg/Kg肌注，静注芬太尼13．59±6．00μg／Kg，潘库溴铵0．17±0．07mg／Kg后行气管内插管。麻醉维持则采用大剂量芬太尼（41．17±16．90μ／Kg）为主的静脉复合麻醉，收到了较理想的效果。     

Int22h1/Int22h2‐mediated Xq28 duplication syndrome: de novo duplications,prenatal diagnoses,and additional phenotypic features

Int22h1/Int22h2‐mediated Xq28 duplication syndrome is a relatively new X‐linked intellectual disability syndrome, arising from duplications of the subregion flanked by intron 22 homologous regions 1 and 2 on the q arm of chromosome X. Its primary manifestations include variable cognitive deficits, distinct facial dysmorphia, and neurobehavioral abnormalities that mainly include hyperactivity, irritability, and autistic behavior. Affected males are hemizygous for the duplication, which explains their often more severe manifestations compared with heterozygous females. In this report, we describe the cases of nine individuals recently identified having the syndrome, highlighting unique and previously unreported findings of this syndrome. Specifically, we report for the first time in this syndrome, two cases with de novo duplications, three receiving prenatal diagnosis with the syndrome, and three others having atypical versions of the duplication. Among the latter, one proband has a shortened version spanning only the centromeric half of the typical duplication, while the other two cases have a nearly identical length duplication as the classical duplication, with the exception that their duplication's breakpoints are telomerically shifted by about 0.2 Mb. Finally, we shed light on two new manifestations in this syndrome, vertebral anomalies and multiple malignancies, which possibly expand the phenotypic spectrum of the syndrome.