药用库拉索芦荟活性多糖的护肤特性研究

目的 研究库拉索芦荟多糖的保湿特性、经皮吸收特性以及皮肤安全性。方法 采用超声辅助提取芦荟活性多糖,并通过人体皮肤水分含量和水分散失量测试法对所制备的芦荟活性多糖的保湿特性（包括锁水、保水两个方面）进行评价;Franz扩散池体外透皮吸收法评价其透皮吸收特性;人体斑贴试验评价其皮肤安全性。结果 与空白对照组比较,库拉索芦荟多糖可显著提高皮肤水合状态（P＜0.05）,同时降低经皮失水（P＜0.05）;多糖质量浓度为5%时,皮肤渗透速率达到0.251 0 mg/(h?cm²),24 h累计渗透量达（4.151 9±0.046 2）mg/cm²;人体皮肤斑贴试验中全部评定为0级反应。结论 库拉索芦荟活性多糖对皮肤具有显著的保湿功效以及较强的皮肤渗透力,并且高度安全,可作为优良的保湿添加剂在化妆品等肤用产品中广泛应用。     

库拉索芦荟多糖和木立芦荟多糖体内抗肿瘤作用

目的探讨高纯度库拉索芦荟多糖及木立芦荟多糖的抗肿瘤作用及其与5-FU的协同作用。方法常规复制S180荷瘤小鼠模型,造模后24h给药,以5-FU做为阳性对照,观察25mg/（kg.d）库拉索芦荟多糖、木立芦荟多糖、5-FU＋库拉索芦荟多糖、5-FU＋木立芦荟多糖的抗肿瘤作用,连续给药10d后,检测各组药物的抑瘤率及联合用药的协同指数。结果25mg/（kg.d）库拉索芦荟多糖和木立芦荟多糖的抑瘤率分别为45.48%、47.68%;5-FU＋库拉索芦荟多糖及5-FU＋木立芦荟多糖联合用药组的抑瘤率则分别为66.00%和62.65%,协同指数分别为0.91、0.85。结论两种芦荟多糖均可有效的抑制肿瘤生长,和5-FU相似。两种芦荟多糖与5-FU联合用药具有明显的协同作用。     

芦荟多糖的化学及药理研究进展

关于芦荟多糖(AP)的研究主要集中在其化学组成、结构、药理作用、作用机制以及相关的提取等方面。组成AP的单糖主要为甘露糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖,单糖之间通过β-(1,4)糖苷键相互连接。研究发现,AP具有免疫调节及抗肿瘤作用,免疫调节作用是其主要抗肿瘤作用机制。此外,AP还具有降糖、抗衰老等作用。改进提取工艺,获得更高纯度的AP对进一步探索其药理作用及机制,开发临床有效制剂都有重要意义。     

In vitro evaluation of UV opacity potential of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aloe vera</Emphasis> L. gel from different germplasms

In this study, lyophilized crude and methanolic extracts of aloe gel from different germplasms (S24, RM, TN, OR, and RJN) of Aloe vera L. were tested for their ultraviolet (UV) opacity potential. UV absorption profiles, sun protection factor (SPF), and percentage blocking of UVA and UVB were considered to test UV opacity potential. Both the extracts showed UV absorption and followed the same path in the wavelength range of 250–400 nm in all the germplasms. Methanolic extract showed a stronger absorptivity than the crude lyophilized extract. Among the tested germplasms, maximum UV opacity property with a SPF of 9.97% and 79.12% UVB blocking was obtained with RJN, whereas a poor response was evident in TN with a SPF of 1.37% and 28.5% UVB blocking at 4 mg/ml methanolic extract. To our knowledge the present work for the first time documents UV opacity properties of A. vera L. gel and opens up new vistas in Aloe gel characterization.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定黄氏响声丸中5种蒽醌类成分含量

目的:建立黄氏响声丸中5种蒽醌类活性成分的高效液相色谱含量测定方法,有利于制剂的质量控制.方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:Shimadzu VP-ODS柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸梯度洗脱,流速为1.0ml/min,检测波长为254nm,柱温30℃.结果:5种成分为芦荟大黄素0.0...     

Effects of food and gender on the pharmacokinetics of rhein and emodin in rats after oral dosing with Da‐Cheng‐Qi decoction

Da‐Cheng‐Qi decoction (DCQD), a traditional Chinese medicine preparation used to treat digestive diseases, is composed of dahuang (Rheum officinale Baill, Polygonaceae), houpu (Magnolia officinalis Rehd., Magnoliaceae), zhishi (Citrus aurantium L, Rutaceae) and mangxiao (sodium sulphate). Rhein and emodin are the major active components of Rheum officinale Baill. To investigate the effects of food and gender on the plasma concentrations of rhein and emodin after oral administration of DCQD, a rapid high‐performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated. A reversed phase C₁₈ column (150 × 4.6 mm) and a mobile phase of methanol and 0.2% acetic acid (78:22, v/v) were employed with ultraviolet detection at 254 nm. Feeding was observed to decrease the absorption of rhein and emodin in rats receiving DCQD orally. No evidence for gender‐based differences in the pharmacokinetics of rhein was observed. However, the half‐life and area under the concentration–time curve for emodin differed significantly between male and female rats. Because food intake and gender are anticipated to influence the pharmacokinetics of DCQD in human subjects, it is recommended that oral doses of DCQD be reduced in fasting subjects and that female patients receive lower oral doses compared with male patients. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大黄素对豚鼠胆囊平滑肌L型钙电流的调节

目的研究大黄素对豚鼠胆囊肌条收缩及L型钙电流的调节。方法取成年豚鼠,分离胆囊肌条,使用张力传感器记录胆囊肌条的收缩活动。采用酶消化法急性分离豚鼠胆囊平滑肌细胞,使用全细胞膜片钳技术记录L型钙电流。结果预先加入硝苯地平,大黄素对胆囊肌条的收缩效应明显减弱。大黄素增加胆囊平滑肌细胞L型钙电流,呈浓度依赖性。与正常对照组相比,10μmol·L-1大黄素明显增强+10mV时L型钙电流幅度的(45.2±2.26)%(P<0.05)。预先加入PKC抑制剂十字孢碱,大黄素对钙电流的调节基本被抑制。结论大黄素可通过PKC途径增强胆囊平滑肌L型钙电流,从而促进胆囊平滑肌收缩。     

大黄素药理作用的分子机制研究进展

大黄素是中药大黄的主要有效单体,具有多种药理作用,具有较高的临床应用价值。近年来国内外有关大黄素药理作用分子机制的研究较多,特别对其消炎、抗肿瘤的作用高度关注。这些作用主要是通过改变离子浓度及转运、抗氧化和自由基、影响炎症因子的分泌和酶活性、细胞凋亡等途径实现的。该文对此进行了总结,希望能为其实际应用提供理论依据。     

芦荟原生质体的电融合研究

目的:探讨芦荟原生质体电融合条件,为芦荟种质改良提供细胞工程技术。方法:以芦荟无菌苗为材料,用化学酶解法处理芦荟幼叶得到原生质体,并且进行电融合。结果:在交流电电场强度(E)1.60×10~5 V/m作用时间20 s,直流脉冲强度(E)0.90×10~6 V/m、脉冲宽幅30μs,施加1次脉冲后,可使细胞有效融合率达到17.78%。结论:芦荟原生质体经过一定电场刺激,可实现原生质体的融合,供抗感染药用植物资源的种质改良提供参考。