痤疮洗剂中盐酸小檗碱有效成份检测方法研究

目的 建立痤疮洗剂有效成份检测方法。方法 采用薄层色谱法对处方中的黄柏和大黄进行定性鉴别；用薄层扫描法测定黄柏中盐酸小檗碱的含量。结果 薄层图谱斑点清晰，阴性对照无干扰。盐酸小檗碱进样量在0．04μg～0．20μg范围内线性关系良好（r=0．9950），平均加样回收率为98．69％，RSD=1．66％。结论 本方法易于操作，结果准确。重现性好。     

女性痤疮患者血清性激素水平的变化

目的:探讨女性痤疮患者血清性激素水平的变化及与临床的关系.方法:检测31例迟发性痤疮患者、49例青春期痤疮患者及其同龄正常对照女性血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)、睾酮(T)、黄体酮(P)及催乳素(PRL),并进行统计学分析.结果:青春期痤疮患者组和迟发性痤疮患者组血清T水平较同龄正常对照组均显著性增高(P＜0.01),而E2较同龄正常对照组均显著性降低(P＜0.01),两组之间血清性激素水平无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:性激素水平异常和痤疮的发生有着密切的关系.     

磨削术治疗痤疮瘢痕2400例临床分析

目的：探讨磨削术治疗痤疮及其瘢痕的临床效果。方法：对我院１９８１年以来收治的２４００例磨削术治疗痤疮产痕病例进行回顾性分析。结果：显效１４４４０例（６０％）,有效９３６例（３９％）,无效２４例（１％）,结论：磨削术是治疗痤疮及其瘢痕的理想方法。     

清肺祛脂方治疗寻常痤疮的临床研究

目的验证清肺祛脂方治疗寻常痤疮的临床疗效和作用机理.方法观察皮肤损害、记录个数、测量皮脂溢出率(吸烟纸法).结果通过临床观察,清肺祛脂方总有效率为90%,跟对照组无显著差异.结论清肺祛脂方是临床治疗寻常痤疮的有效药物,抑制皮脂溢出率是其作用机理之一.     

Cycle control, quality of life and acne with two low-dose oral contraceptives containing 20 microg ethinylestradiol

OBJECTIVES: Poor cycle control and tolerability can be reasons for irregular pill intake. This study compared the tolerability of two low-dose oral contraceptives and their effect on cycle control. METHODS: In this open, group-comparative, randomized multicenter trial in Germany and the Netherlands, women received either 20 microg ethinylestradiol plus 150 microg desogestrel (20EE/DSG; n = 500) or 20 microg ethinylestradiol plus 100 microg levonorgestrel (20EE/LNG; n = 498) for six treatment cycles. Cycle control, dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) were assessed using diary cards. Tolerability was assessed using the self-administered questionnaires Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Acne was assessed by objective (acne counts) and subjective (no, moderate, mild, severe) acne scoring of the facial area at baseline and treatment cycles 1, 3 and 6. RESULTS: A total of 404 (78.1%) and 384 (75.3%) women in the 20EE/DSG and 20EE/LNG groups, respectively, completed the trial. The occurrence rate of irregular bleeding and spotting was statistically significantly higher with 20EE/LNG than with 20EE/DSG (0.18 vs. 0.13; p < 0.05). The mean number of bleeding-spotting days per cycle was statistically significantly higher with 20EE/LNG than with 20EE/DSG (0.63 vs. 0.48; p < 0.05). Early withdrawal bleeding was more frequent with 20EE/LNG (0.15 vs. 0.08; p < 0.005), whereas continued withdrawal bleeding was more frequent with 20EE/DSG (0.32 vs. 0.45; p < 0.001); absence of withdrawal bleeding was comparable (0.06 vs. 0.04, respectively). Thirteen subjects in the 20EE/LNG group and three in the 20EE/DSG group discontinued due to unacceptable bleeding (p < 0.05). Dysmenorrhea and PMS decreased comparably in both groups. There were no differences between groups for the mean total scores of PGWBI or POMS at all time-points. Fewer acne lesions were counted with 20EE/DSG vs. 20EE/LNG after six cycles (p < 0.05). The subjective acne scores supported this finding. CONCLUSIONS: 20EE/DSG provided better cycle control than 20EE/LNG with less treatment discontinuation due to unacceptable bleeding. There were no apparent differences between the two groups regarding tolerability and quality of life. There was less acne with 20EE/DSG.     

Laser Punch-Out for Acne Scars

Patients with acne scars want smooth facial skin. However, achieving this is difficult with dermabrasion or chemical peeling. Nor can acne scars be covered with cosmetics, due to their ice-picked or cobblestone appearance. Laser resurfacing is more effective and safer than other conventional methods due to its precision with depth control and variable methods of surface cutting. Even depth resurfacing with a laser shows unsatisfactory results, therefore, for the deep-sited acne scar the cutting methods have to be changed according to the depth and pattern of the scar. For 2 years, starting in January 1996, we treated 71 patients with a high-powered CO₂ laser (Ultrapulse). Different resurfacing methods were applied according to the depth and pattern of the scars. For mild depressed scars, even depth resurfacing was done. For moderate-depth acne scars, the shoulder technique was also used. For the deepest and ice-picked scars, the laser punch-out was combined. Laser resurfacing was carried out at 300–500 mJ, with two to five passes. Laser punch-out was done at 500 mJ, with three to seven continuous passes on the ice-picked scar. From the pathologic findings of acne scars showing that there was thick intradermal scar, we knew that laser punch-out was necessary for improvement of acne scars. Depth-wide, the ice-picked scars improved by over 80% and the sharp demarcated margin of the acne scar faded out. Most of the patients with acne scars were satisfied with laser resurfacing. Only six patients had a second laser treatment, with an interval of 12 months. There were no hypertrophic scars after laser resurfacing, but erythema lasted for 3–12 months. Patients taking oral retinoic acid were not contraindicated for laser resurfacing but required special caution because they had atrophic skin and delayed wound healing. Laser resurfacing is the most versatile method for acne scars, with a high-powered CO₂ laser. The laser punch-out method is better than even depth resurfacing for improving deep acne scars and can be combined with the shoulder technique or even depth resurfacing according to the type of acne scar.     

痤疮的治疗进展

痤疮是一种毛囊皮脂腺的慢性炎症,因皮脂腺管与毛孔的堵塞,致使皮脂外流不畅所致。其主要发生于面、胸背等处,形成黑头、丘疹、脓疱、结节等损害,严重者可影响患者生活质量。正常人群的患病率很高,特别是青少年。痤疮不仅影响美观,而且严重者影响身心健康。因此,痤疮的治疗尤为重要。痤疮的治疗包括药物治疗和非药物治疗。目前,许多新药和新疗法不断应用于临床,取得了不错的疗效。     

In vitro dermal and transdermal delivery of doxycycline from ethanol/migliol 840 vehicles

This work investigated the feasibility of dermal and transdermal delivery of doxycycline from vehicles containing Migliol 840 (M840) and ethanol. Delivery of the drug via the skin would provide a useful alternative to oral delivery, which has many undesirable side-effects, such as oesophageal ulceration and disturbance of the normal gut flora. Potential applications include malaria prophylaxis, and the treatment of acne vulgaris, Lyme disease and Reiter syndrome. Experiments were performed to determine the permeation of doxycycline across excised full-thickness human skin and heat-separated epidermal membranes from saturated solutions in ethanol, 1:1 and 2:1 ethanol/M840. Unusual burst behaviour was observed using an ethanol vehicle, possibly as a result of the formation of dimers at saturation. Doxycycline permeated to a higher degree from ethanolic vehicles when M840 is present, suggesting that M840 is capable of enhancing the permeation of doxycycline. The flux across full-thickness skin was highest from a 2:1 ethanol:M840 vehicle (2.41 μg cm⁻² h⁻¹), sufficient to deliver 282 μg l⁻¹ using an area of application of 30 cm². The data also produced unexpected results in that permeability across heat separated skin was an order of magnitude greater than across full-thickness skin (28.75 μg cm⁻² h⁻¹ for the 2:1 ethanol:M840 vehicle). Depth profiling indicated that the drug distributed quite evenly throughout the epidermis. The mean amount of doxycycline recovered from the epidermis at the end of a permeation experiment was 458.4 μg ml⁻¹. This was far higher than the volume of extractable lipid present in the same unit area, approximately 52.3 μg ml⁻¹ and indicated that a large proportion of the drug must have been located within the proteinaceous domain. The data therefore suggest (1) significant amounts of doxycycline can be administered into and across the skin; (2) M840 is a potentially useful enhancing vehicle; and (3) the transcellular route was of significance.     

维胺酯治疗痤疮类皮肤病的临床观察

<正> 维甲酸类(retinoids)在皮肤科临床上的应用,即在痤疮、银屑病、各种角化异常性皮肤病以及某些癌前或癌性疾病的治疗上,均取得了令人鼓舞的治疗效果。口服维甲酸类药物在皮肤科的应用,已有较详细的介绍。本文就国产维甲酸类衍生物维甲酯在痤疮类皮肤病中的疗效及其毒副作用作以下介绍。维胺酯的化学名称为N-(4-氧碳基苯基)维生素甲酰胺N-(ethoxycarbephenyl)-retinamide。分子式C_(29)H_(37)NO_3其化学结构式如下。     

Glycolic acid peeling in the treatment of acne

BACKGROUND: Glycolic acid chemical peels have been widely accepted as a useful modality in many cutaneous conditions characterized by abnormalities of keratinization. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of glycolic peels in the main clinical forms of acne. METHODS: Between January 1995 and December 1996, 80 women, aged 13-40 years, were visited for acne and selected for the study at the Cagliari University Dermatology Department (Italy). The type and severity of acne in each patient was assessed following the Leeds technique. The chemical peels were performed with a 70% glycolic acid solution, for times that varied in a range between 2 and 8 minutes. The number and frequency of the applications depended on the intensity of the clinical response. RESULTS: The main clinical forms were comedonic acne in 32 cases, papulo-pustular acne in 40 cases and nodule-cystic acne in the remaining eight cases. The most rapid improvement was observed in comedonic acne. In the papulo-pustular forms an average of six applications was necessary. Although nodular-cystic forms required eight to ten applications, a significant improvement of the coexisting post-acne superficial scarring was noted. The procedure was well tolerated and patient compliance was excellent. CONCLUSION: Glycolic acid chemical peels are an effective treatment for all types of acne, inducing rapid improvement and restoration to normal looking skin.