Basal ganglia circuits changes in Parkinson's disease patients

The insular cortex (IC) processes multimodal sensory information including gustatory, visceral, nociceptive, and thermal sensation, and is considered to play a role in the regulation of homeostasis. The IC receives dense histaminergic projection from the tuberomamillary nucleus in the hypothalamus, and recent studies have demonstrated that the blockage of histaminergic receptors impairs physiological functions in the IC. However, little is known about the effects of histamine on the electrophysiological properties of the IC. To explore the effects of histamine on the subthreshold responses and action potential properties in the IC, intracellular recording with a sharp glass electrode was obtained from IC pyramidal cells in cortical slice preparations. Application of histamine (30 μM) increased the frequency of repetitive spike firing in response to a long depolarizing current pulse injection; accompanied by an increase in input resistance. The frequency of repetitive spike firing was estimated by the slope of the frequency-current (f/I) curve. Histamine caused an increase from 23.3±2.3 Hz/nA to 40.3±4.3 Hz/nA. The histamine-induced facilitation of repetitive spike firing was blocked by pre-application of 50 μM cimetidine, an H(2) receptor antagonist, but not 30 μM pyrilamine, an H(1) receptor antagonist. R-α-methylhistamine (10 μM), an H(3) autoreceptor agonist, had little effect on the slope of the f/I curve. These results suggest that the histamine-induced facilitation of firing frequency is mediated via H(2) and not H(1) receptors. In addition, H(3) receptors have a minor role in the intrinsic membrane and firing properties of IC pyramidal cells.     

AHP在部队疗养科室护理人员考评中的应用探讨

目的探讨部队疗养科室护理人员的考评方法。方法结合文献综述法,运用层次分析法（AHP）确定各级指标的权重。结果构建的疗养科室护理人员考评体系包括5项一级指标工作数量、工作质量、工作行为、工作能力、工作态度的权重系数分别为：0.11、0.31、0.06、0.14、0.38,15项二级指标中权重赋值最高的3项指标分别为疗养员满意度、护理效果、护理合格率。结论 AHP的运用为客观、准确地评价部队疗养科室护理人员的考评提供了新的思路和方法,通过该方法构建的指标权重体系适应范围较广,适应性较强,对疗养科室的护理人员评价更具科学性和合理性。     

基于地理信息系统的中药材生态适宜性定量化研究

目的:中药材品质与其生长环境密切相关.为应用数学模型对中药材产地适宜性进行定量化研究,需要对影响中药材生长的生态因子和气候数据的插值进行研究.方法:首先从生态学和统计分析角度研究对影响中药材生长的生态指标的判断标准,以及如何计算所选择的生态因子最适宜范围值和每个生态因子的权重值.其次,由于气象要素是中药材适宜区分析的基础数据,同时气象要素的空间分布与地形环境密切相关,为此研究基于DEM的多元线性回归插值方法以使得插值结果最大程度接近于真实值.结论:从数量化角度探讨了中药材产地适宜性的因子体系选择和插值问题,并针对其中存在的关键问题进行研究.     

医院信息安全管理与措施

本文以层次分析的方法论述医院的安全管理措施,说明清晰的管理架构和因地制宜的管理措施是信息安全管理所必须的。     

Neonatal fluoxetine exposure affects the action potential properties and dendritic development in cortical subplate neurons of rats

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)-type antidepressants might be given to depressive pregnant women and the developing fetuses are thus exposed to these drugs. Since serotonin plays important roles in the maturation of the nervous system, early SSRI exposure might influence the fetal brain development. To test this hypothesis, we treated the neonatal rat pups with fluoxetine (Flx) from the day of birth to postnatal day (P) 4, comparable to the third trimester of human gestation, and observed the physiological and morphological features of subplate neurons (SPns), a group of cells important for early cortical development and vulnerable to neonatal neural insults. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique, we examined the passive membrane properties and characteristics of action potential (AP). In SPns of Flx-treated rats, the rheobase for generating an AP was increased and the width of APs was reduced, especially in the falling phase. In the morphological aspect, the dendritic remodeling of SPns including dendritic branching, elongation and pruning were affected by early Flx treatment. Together, our results demonstrate that the teratogenic effect of early SSRI exposure on the structure and function of developing SPns and these changes may lead to undesired brain activity and distorted behaviors later in life.     

生脉胶囊治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭临床疗效的AHP综合评价

目的 探讨中药(新药)临床试验研究的临床疗效综合评价方法和技术路线.方法 应用AHP(analytichierarchyprocess)多属性综合评价的方法,对生脉胶囊治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭的临床疗效进行多指标(多属性)临床疗效综合评价.结果 生脉胶囊对慢性充血性心力衰竭的临床治疗作用是正向性的.结论 建立了合理的方法和模型来综合评价中药(新药)的临床疗效并为其疗效等级排序.     

层次分析法和德尔斐法在某医院品牌效应评估体系建立中的初步运用

目的:拟建立科学客观的医院品牌效应评估指标体系。方法:通过德尔斐法(Delphi Method)和层次分析法(analytic hierarchyprocess,AHP)的联合应用建立医院品牌效应评估指标体系。结论:通过定性定量相结合,建立医院品牌效应评估指标体系,各指标的重要性依次为技术、服务、规模、价格、形象和公关关系。     

基于层次分析法的区域医疗中心评价指标体系研究

目的 建立区域医疗中心评价指标体系,并确定各层次指标的权重,为进一步评价医院在区域内的整体实力打下基础。方法 采用文献回顾和专家咨询的方法建立区域医疗中心评价指标体系。运用层次分析法确定指标权重。运用Microsoft Excel2010和SPSS17.0软件处理数据。结果 评价指标体系包含5项一级指标、12项二级指标和31项三级指标。一级指标中所占权重最大的为医疗服务状况（0.3390）,其次是卫生资源配置（0.2883）。在组合权重中,超过平均权重0.0323（1/31）的指标有14项。结论 运用层次分析法确定区域医疗中心评价指标体系权重具有适用性,下一步可以结合综合评价模型开展区域医疗中心评价研究。     

基于AHP-CRITIC法的正交设计优选参膝口服液提取工艺

目的确定指标权重,优选参膝口服液的最佳提取工艺。方法以HPLC法测定杯苋甾酮、人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1的量,HPLC-ELSD法测定人参二醇的量、干膏率、总多糖含量及总峰面积作为评价指标,采用层次分析法(AHP)、基于指标相关性的权重确定方法(CRITIC)、AHP-CRITIC混合加权法确定各评价指标的权重系数,比较混合加权法和单一赋权法,并结合正交试验结果优选复方提取工艺的最佳参数。结果 AHP-CRITIC混合加权法较单一赋权法科学、合理、全面,按其所得的权重系数进行综合评价,优选出最佳工艺参数为复方药材加9倍量水,提取3次,每次80 min。3批验证试验综合评分均值为99.06,RSD为0.18%。结论 AHP法结合CRITIC法可用于参膝口服液提取工艺多指标权重的建立,优选的提取工艺经验证,合理、稳定,重复性好,可用于工业化生产。     

基于改进层次分析法的军队医药卫生人员保障能力评估

目的：探索军队医药卫生人员保障能力评估的途径与方法,实现对人员保障能力的量化评估,为上级机关及决策部门提供快速有价值的辅助决策信息。方法根据总政及军区有关政策文件规定,结合军队医药卫生人员的自身特点和工作需求,通过调查研究和专家咨询,建立了军队医药卫生保障能力评估指标体系,运用改进的层次分析法建立解析模型,提出了基于德尔菲因子的层次分析法的军队医药卫生人员保障能力评估的方法。结果对某医院医药卫生人员运用评估体系为例进行计算,证明了该方法的有效性。结论建立的军队医药卫生人员保障能力评估指标体系具有较好的信度和效度,能够为上级机关及决策部门加强人才梯次建设,提高医疗质量、服务水平和社会效益,对卫勤保障部队人员、技术的合理配置和使用提供一定的科学依据。