Modulation of venom-induced leukocyte histamjne release by mononuclear cells: effect of venom immunotherapy

Leukocyte histamine release and blood mononuclear cell proliferative responses to venoms were evaluated in nine patients with sting anaphylaxis. The effect of venom-activated mononuclear cells on the autologous mononuclear cell proliferative response and venom-induced leukocyte histamine release was also studied before and on maintenance immunotherapy. The mononuclear cell proliferative response was low (specific incorporations <2.0) and antigen nonspecific both before and during maintenance immunotherapy. Venom-induced in vitro leukocyte histamine release did not change significantly with immunotherapy. However, when patients were on maintenance immunotherapy, venom-activated mononuclear cells cocultured with autologous leukocytes significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed venom-induced histamine release. The suppressive effect of mononuclear cells was antigen specific and enhanced by in vitro mononuclear cell activation. Suppression of leukocyte histamine release by mononuclear cells extends the regulatory potential of these cells and may identify an additional mechanism by which immunotherapy protects Hymenoptera-sensitive individuals against systemic anaphylaxis     

渗透对CAD/CAM氧化铝陶瓷颜色和结构的影响

目的:考察渗透过程对计算机辅助设计和制造(CAD/CAM)切削氧化铝陶瓷颜色和结构变化的影响。方法:将氧化铝瓷块样本薄片10个,随机分为A、B组,每组5个,其中A组用ALMC玻璃料渗透,B组用VitaIn-CeramAL3色玻璃料渗透,进行颜色测量和电子扫描镜观察。结果:渗透前后A组和B组颜色(L,a,b)均有显著差异(P<0.01);扫描电镜显示,玻璃颗粒渗透入氧化铝结构中。结论:氧化铝陶瓷渗透后玻璃料与氧化铝嵌合,形成致密组织,增加强度,并产生初始颜色。     

Effect of Astragali-Cordyceps Mixtura on TGF-β/Smad signal pathway in the lung of asthma airway remodeling

Aim of the study

We try to find out the influence of traditional Chinese Medicine Astragali-Cordyceps Mixtura (ACM) on TGF-β/Smad signal pathway in the lung of asthma airway remodeling.

Materials and methods

Mice were sensitized and challenged by OVA to establish a model of asthma. To assess the effects of ACM on the mice, animals of the ACM groups were treated with ACM. Data were achieved by using techniques as follow: counting cell number of BALF, assaying the amount of collagen deposition by Masson's staining, performing RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry for mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1, Smad3 and Smad7.

Results

The depositions of collagen in airway wall greatly increased at the model group compared with that of the normal group. In contrast, these decreased at the ACM groups. As compared with the control group, TGF-β1 expression also decreased at both mRNA and protein level at the ACM-M group versus increased both at the model group. Whereas, Smad7 significantly decreased only at the model group and partly restored at the ACM-M group.

Conclusions

ACM greatly improves the symptoms of asthma airway remodeling by inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1 and upregulating the amount of Smad7.     

Alcoholic and Cocaine-Associated Cardiomyopathies

Alcohol and cocaine use are associated with significant cardiovascular complications, including cardiomyopathy. The pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the development of these toxic cardiomyopathies vary depending on the inciting agent but include direct toxic effects, neurohormonal activation, altered calcium homeostasis, and oxidative stress. The typical patient with alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a long-term excessive alcohol consumer who is otherwise indistinguishable from other patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy. The typical patient with cocaine cardiomyopathy is a young male smoker who presents with signs of adrenergic excess. Management of these patients is similar to that of patients with other forms of dilated cardiomyopathy, although β-blockers should be avoided in patients with cocaine-associated heart failure and benzodiazepines should be given in this setting to blunt adrenergic excess. Left ventricular function may improve dramatically with abstinence from alcohol or cocaine. Unfortunately, the rate of recidivism is high and left ventricular dysfunction and symptomatic heart failure often recurs.     

积极式个案管理模式对精神分裂症患者生活质量影响的研究

目的探讨积极式个案管理模式对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法选取800例精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,分别接受积极式个案管理治疗（研究组,入组400例,完成380侧）和普通康复治疗（对照组,入组400例,完成350例）,应用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、Camberwell需求评价量表（CAN）、生活质量量表（QOLS）、家庭负担量表（FBI）和WHO-精神残疾评价量表简化版（DAS—S）分别于入组前、入组后1年、2年末对患者的精神症状、生活质量变化等进行评定。结果（1）治疗后,PANSS总分和阴性症状评分,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;（2）CAN帮助栏目分量表中基本生活、家庭和社会职能及社会救助因子分研究组较前均有下降,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,cAN帮助来源分量表中社会帮助因子分研究组较前升高,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;（3）生活质量量表中日常生活、家庭生活及安全感因子分,研究组均有提高,对照组无变化,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;（4）家庭负担量表评分,家庭经济和心理健康因子分,研究组明显下降,对照组无变化,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;（5）精神残疾评价量表评分,研究组DAS—S评分有下降,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论积极式个案管理模式能提高精神分裂症患者社会功能及生活质量。     

激活的星形胶质细胞条件培养液对神经元内iNOS、CaMKⅡ及AC表达的影响

为探讨星形胶质细胞(Ast)在癫痫发病机制中的作用,本研究通过体外分离纯化培养分别获取大鼠大脑皮质Ast及神经元,用睫状神经营养因子(CNTF)激活Ast,用其培养液,即星形胶质细胞条件培养液(ACM)孵育神经元4、8、12h后,采用Westernblot法及图像分析技术观察ACM对神经元内表达钙调蛋白依赖性激酶II(CaMKⅡ)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)及腺苷酸环化酶(AC)的影响。结果表明,ACM作用神经元4h即可引起CaMKⅡ、iNOS及AC的表达增多并持续至12h(P<0.05),iNOS在8h最为明显,AC的表达在12h最为明显。上述结果提示ACM中含有致痫因子,NOS-NO-cGMP,Ca2+/CaM-CaMKⅡ及AC-CaMP-PKA三条信号通路可能参与其致痫机制中的信号转导。     

Partial Nephrectomy versus Thermal Ablation for Clinical Stage T1 Renal Masses: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of More than 3,900 Patients

Purpose

A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials was undertaken to compare percutaneous thermal ablation versus partial nephrectomy (PN) for stage T1 renal tumors.

Y形软骨在先天性髋脱位Salter截骨术髋臼角轿正中的作用

目的研究先天性髋脱位Salter截骨术,Y形软骨在髋臼角矫正中的作用.方法分析改良Salter截骨术56例、65髋,并与Pemberton截骨术17例、18髋比较.结果Salter截骨术髋臼角平均矫正16.7°,ACM角手术前后度数为60.00±2.18和56.40±3.12,经t检验,差异有高度显著性,P＜0.01.Pemberton截骨术髋臼角和ACM角平均矫正15.8°和7.6°.Salter截骨术矫正的髋臼角中有7.48°和Y形软骨成角有关.结论Salter截骨术中髋臼顶的髂骨部分,可以以Y形软骨为中心发生外倾,从而进一步降低髋臼角.     

GABA, a forgotten gliotransmitter

The amino acid gamma-aminobutiric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory transmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) where it can be released by neurons and by glial cells. Neuronal GABAergic signaling is well characterized: the mechanisms of GABA release, the receptors it targets and the functional consequences of their activation have been extensively studied. In contrast, the corresponding features of glial GABAergic signaling have attracted less attention. In this review, we first discuss evidence from the literature for GABA accumulation, production and release by glial cells. We then review the results of recent experiments that point toward functional roles of GABA as a "gliotransmitter".