胃感觉过敏患者胃黏膜5-羟色胺阳性细胞的变化

背景:目前研究认为5-羟色胺(5-HT)参与了内脏感觉过敏的发生。已发现肠易激综合征患者肠道黏膜中分泌5-HT的肠嗜铬细胞(EC细胞)和肥大细胞有所改变。目的:研究胃感觉过敏患者近端胃黏膜5-HT阳性细胞的变化,探讨其在胃感觉过敏中的作用。方法:应用电子恒压器测定40例功能性消化不良(FD)患者和15名正常对照者的胃感觉阈值,根据胃感知阈值将23例行胃镜活检组织病理学检查的FD患者分为感觉过敏(FD-H)组和感觉正常(FD-N)组。以免疫组化方法检测近端胃黏膜5-HT阳性细胞,应用图像分析系统测定其积分光密度(IOD)值。结果:FD组的胃感知、不适和疼痛阈值均较正常对照组显著下降。FD-H组近端胃黏膜每高倍视野下5-HT阳性细胞数显著多于FD-N组和正常对照组(14.1±2.3对8.7±1.9和8.3±1.4,P<0.05)。扩张刺激后,FD-H组5-HT阳性细胞IOD值的降幅(反映介质释放量)较FD-N组和正常对照组显著增加(16.3%±3.4%对10.7%±2.2%和8.1%±2.3%,P<0.05)。直线相关分析显示,5-HT阳性细胞释放介质越多,胃感知阈值越低。结论:部分FD患者存在胃感觉过敏,与近端胃黏膜5-HT阳性细胞数量增多、介质释放增加有关。     

大鼠局灶性脑缺血后受累动脉调节功能受损

Objective To investigate the effect of cerebral ischemia on functional parameters of affected arteries and probe into the possible pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods Intraluminal suture ischemic model was used by occlusion of left middle cerebral artery in rats.Two hours later,the middle cerebral artery segments were isolated from both ischemia and control groups for measurement of changes in vessel diameter induced by increasing pressure and vasoactive compounds.And then,distensibility,myogenic tone,reactivity to 5-HT and ACh were calculated and compared between groups.Results In lower pressure range,ischemic vessels showed an increased myogenic tone(at 40 mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa,19.3%±0.4% vs 10.0%±0.2%,t=20.568,P=0.000)and decreased diameter.In higher pressure range,ischemic vessels showed an increased diameter.distensibility and decreased myogenic tone(at 120 mm Hg,12.0%±0.2% vs 21.8%±0.4%,t=-23.575,P=0.000).In normal pressure range,myogenic tone was not altered after ischemia. Both groups constricted to 5-HT and dilated to ACh,however,the response was significantly diminished after ischemla.Conclusion These findings demonstrate that contractile and diastolic function of affected artery was impaired after ischemia,a result that may contribute to ischemia-reperfusion injury by losing upstream cerebrovascular resistance and increasing perfusion on the microcirculation.     

老年脑卒中患者抑郁障碍的相关因素分析

目的研究老年脑卒中患者发生抑郁的相关因素及抗抑郁治疗对缺损神经功能恢复的影响。方法选择老年脑卒中患者377例,其中脑出血89例,脑梗死288例。根据17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD_(17))评分情况分为:非抑郁组116例和抑郁组261例,分析其发生抑郁的相关因素。再将抑郁组随机分为治疗组(135例,抗抑郁+脑卒中治疗4周)和对照组(126例,脑卒中治疗4周)。观察各组HAMD_(17)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、睡眠障碍量表、临床神经功能缺损程度评分的变化。结果脑出血患者抑郁发生率明显高于脑梗死患者(P0.05);与非抑郁组比较,抑郁组患者脑卒中发生在小脑、脑干、大脑半球(额叶)的比例明显增加(P0.05);治疗组患者抑郁、焦虑、睡眠障碍等症状在第2、3、4周末较对照组有明显改善,神经功能缺损评分较治疗前有明显降低(P0.05,P0.01)。结论脑卒中的性质、部位、以及其神经功能缺损程度与抑郁的发生有密切关系,改善脑卒中患者的抑郁有利于其神经功能的恢复。     

妊娠糖尿病病因研究新进展

妊娠糖尿病(gestational diabetesmellitus,GDM)是指妊娠期出现或首次发现的糖尿病或糖耐量受损.GDM不包括妊娠前已知的糖尿病患者,其发病率逐年增加,对母儿均有较大的危害,为了更好的预防和治疗GDM,许多学者对其病因进行了研究,虽然此病因尚未完全清楚,但已知GDM的病因不是单一的某种因素,而是多种因素共同作用的结果.     

快乐,可以吃出来

生活在大都市里的白领们生活的节奏加快,压力越来越大,快乐对于他们也显得越来越奢侈。但其实快乐很简单,我们每天的"盘中餐"就可以让我们快乐。食物,并不像我们想的那样,在吃到嘴里后只会"往下走",相反,其中的各种营养物质在经过消化后,还能随着血液     

Cross-regulation between colocalized nicotinic acetylcholine and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors on presynaptic nerve terminals

Aim： Substantial colocalization of functionally independent a4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors on presynaptic terminals has been observed in brain. The present study was aimed at addressing whether nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors interact on the same presynaptic terminal, suggesting a convergence of cholinergic and serotonergic regulation. Methods： Ca^2＋ responses in individual, isolated nerve endings purified from rat striatum were measured using confocal imaging. Results： Application of 500 nmol/L nicotine following sustained stimulation with the highly selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist m-chlorophenylbiguanide at 100 nmol/L resulted in markedly reduced Ca^2＋ responses （28% of control） in only those striatal nerve endings that originally responded to m-chlorophenylbiguanide. The cross-regulation developed over several minutes. Presynaptic nerve endings that had not responded to m-chlorophenylbiguanide, indicating that 5-HT3 receptors were not present, displayed typical responses to nicotine. Application of m-chlorophenylbiguanide folIowing sustained stimulation with nicotine resulted in partially attenuated Ca^2＋ responses （49% of control）. Application of m-chlorophenylbiguanide following sustained stimulation with m-chlorophenylbiguanide also resulted in a strong attenuation of Ca^2＋ responses （12% of control）, whereas nicotine-induced Ca^2＋ responses following sustained stimulation with nicotine were not significantly different from control. Conclusion： These results indicate that the presynaptic Ca^2＋ increases evoked by either 5-HT3 receptor or nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation regulate subsequent responses to 5-HT3 receptor activation, but that only 5-HT3 receptors cross-regulate subsequent nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated responses. The findings suggest a specific interaction between the two receptor systems in the same striatal nerve terminal, likely involving Ca^2＋-dependent intracellular p     

孤束核微注射5-羟色胺系统药物对大鼠睡眠-觉醒的影响及机制

目的:探讨孤束核(NST)微注射5-羟色胺(5-HT)系统药物对大鼠睡眠-觉醒的影响及其机制.方法:选用雄性SD大鼠,分7组,孤束核分别微注射5-羟基色氨酸(5-HTP)、非特异性5-HT受体阻断剂麦角新碱(MS)、5-羟色胺1A受体(5-HT1AR)激动剂8-OH-DPAT、5-HT1AR拮抗剂spiperone、cAMP、cAMP依赖的蛋白激酶A(PKA)拮抗剂H89和生理盐水(NS)后,采用光电脑电机记录脑电和肌电;采用免疫组化ABC法检测NST处5-HT1AR及5-HT表达情况.结果:与处理前相比,NS组和MS组大鼠睡眠-觉醒各期差异均无统计学意义,5-HTP组、8-OH-DPAT组和H89组给药后均显示觉醒期(W)缩短,异相睡眠(PS)延长(P<0.05或P<0.01),8-OH-DPAT组和H89组慢波睡眠(SWS)延长(P<0.01或P<0.05);spiperone组和cAMP组W延长(P<0.01或P<0.05),SWS缩短(P<0.01或P<0.05),spiperone组PS缩短(P<0.05).免疫组化结果显示,与NS组相比,5-HTP组的5-H T1AR阳性细胞数较多,5-HT能神经纤维末梢5-HT表达增强,MS组则结果相反.结论:作为睡眠诱发区,孤束核很可能是通过5一羟色胺作用于5-HT1AR,使cAMP生成减少,PKA磷酸化减少而发挥使觉醒减少、睡眠增加的生物学效应.     

睡前食物宜与忌

人们经常会问:睡前吃东西好吗?可能会给我们的健康带来些什么影响?要回答这一问题,还得从食物的作用谈起。首先,食物能补充能量,如果你真的在睡觉前已经肚子饿得咕咕叫,建议你无论如何还是稍微吃点东西,比如喝袋奶就不错。另外,还要考虑自己是不是白天和晚饭吃的太少了,要知道一个人能否减肥成功,关键还是看总能量摄入是否少于消耗,光靠不吃晚饭来减肥是不行的。食物被人体吃下肚,都会被消化吸收从而产生能量,在三大产能物质中,脂肪的产能效果最     

利用开心食物提升你的笑脸指数

无论是在工作或生活中,我们总会遇到不快乐的事情,并且深感压力重重。很多人都喜欢"化悲愤为力量",以为暴饮暴食过后就能解千愁,而他们认为能化解不快的,首先必数零食如糖果、薯片等,事实并非如此,零食吃多了,只会令人情绪更加不稳;反之,天然食物中某些营养素才是稳定情绪、防止压力症状出现的"开心食物"。     

慢性低氧左移5-HT诱发大鼠肺内动脉环收缩反应的浓度-依赖性曲线

目的探讨慢性低氧对大鼠肺内动脉血管重构以及5-HT诱发肺内动脉血管环收缩效应的影响。方法常压慢性低氧诱导慢性肺动脉高压大鼠模型。比较正常组（NOR组）和慢性低氧组（CH组）大鼠血流动力学参数平均右心室收缩压（mRVSP）,平均右心室压（mRVP）及右心室压最大上升速率（dp／dtmax）及右心室肥厚指数以鉴定模型;光学显微镜下观察肺血管的病理改变;记录肺内动脉血管张力,观察5-羟色胺（5-HT）收缩效应;比较不同Ca^2＋通道阻断剂对5-HT引起的收缩效应的阻断作用。结果与NOR组比较,低氧3～4周后CH组的mRVSP、mRVP、dp／dtmax和右心室肥厚指数均明显增高（P〈0．01）;CH组大鼠肺内动脉中膜显著增生;CH组的5-HT引起的肺内动脉环收缩的浓度-依赖性反应曲线左移;30μmol／L氯化镧对30μmol／L 5-HT预收缩肺内动脉血管环效应的阻断作用在CH组显著增高（P〈0．01）,但30μmol／L SKF96365的阻断作用无显著性意义。结论慢性低氧3～4周可稳定引起大鼠肺动脉高压,并左移5-HT诱发的肺内动脉环收缩的浓度-依赖性反应曲线;Ca^2＋池操纵性Ca^2＋通道功能的上调可能是CH组5-HT高反应性的一种机制。