经鼻内镜扩大鼻丘进路额窦手术的探索

目的 探索鼻内镜下改良鼻丘入路治疗额窦病变的手术方法.方法 从2009年1月开始前瞻性收集中山大学附属第一医院住院行鼻内镜下改良鼻丘入路额窦手术的患者资料,包括一般情况、术中所见、术后症状、内镜检查结果及术后并发症情况.结果 从2009年1月到2010年8月共进行了19例改良鼻丘入路额窦手术,其中慢性鼻-鼻窦炎17例,13例(76.5%)痊愈,3例(17.6%)好转,总有效率为94.1%,1例(5.9%)无效;额窦前筛内翻性乳头状瘤2例,治疗后痊愈.随访6～24个月,中位数随访时间16个月.无严重并发症发生,无术后额隐窝粘连,4例额隐窝组织增生、狭窄.结论 鼻内镜下改良鼻丘入路术中对额隐窝和额窦的暴露较好,术野宽敞,术后粘连少,额窦引流通畅,疗效确切.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the feasibility of endoscopic modified agger nasi approach for the surgical treatment of frontal sinus diseases. Methods The data of patients undergoing modified agger nasi approach for frontal diseases were prospecitvely collected since January 2009, including demographic data,findings at surgery, presence of postoperative symptoms, endoscopic appearance of the frontal recess and sinus, and complications. Results Nineteen patients were enrolled from January 2009 to August 2010.Seventeen patients had chronic rhinosinusitis, in which 13 patients (76. 5% ) completely healed, 3 patients ( 17. 6% ) improved and 1 patient (5. 9% ) failed Two patients had frontal sinus and anterior ethmoid sinus inverted papilloma, with no recurrence. The patients were followed up from 6 to 24 months, medium 16 months. No severe complication occurred. No frontal recess adhesion was found. Four sides of frontal recess showed stenosis caused by tissue hypertrophy. Conclusion The modified agger nasi approach provides excellent access to frontal recess and frontal sinus, with good effect for preventing re-stenosis after surgery.     

内翻性乳头状瘤切除术28例临床分析

目的探讨经鼻内镜手术治疗鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤的疗效。方法回顾性分析28例经鼻内镜手术治疗的鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤的病例资料及术后随访情况。结果随访3～7年,28例中4例复发,再次经鼻内镜手术后未再复发。结论经鼻内镜手术切除鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤疗效满意。准确的术前评估、骨膜下层切除肿瘤和术后定期随访是减少复发,提高疗效的主要因素。     

鼻内翻性乳头状瘤kamel分期对术式选择的意义

目的 研究以鼻内翻性乳头状瘤(NIP)起源为主要依据的临床分期,用以指导手术和评价术后疗效。方法 回顾性分析55例NIP手术病例。男37例,女18例,男女比例为2∶1,27~78岁。右侧23例,左侧32例,未发现双侧发病者。11例有NIP手术史。25例术前病理检查证实为NIP,按照kamel分期,其中Ⅰ型30例、Ⅱ型25例。 结果 Ⅰ型NIP行鼻内镜下局部切除术(30例),Ⅱ型NIP行鼻内镜下局部切除术(4例)、鼻内镜下上颌窦内侧壁切除术(11例)、鼻内镜下双径路手术(10例)。复发率：Ⅰ型复发率为6.7％(2/30),Ⅱ型复发率为16.0％(4/25),总复发率为10.9％(6/55)。和检索资料相比复发率差异无统计学意义。结论 NIPⅠ型手术采取鼻内窥镜下局部切除术,Ⅱ型采取鼻内镜下上颌窦内壁切除术或经唇龈沟切口上颌窦前壁开窗结合经鼻内镜手术(双径路手术)。术后复发率和报道资料复发率相比没有统计学意义,说明这种基于疾病来源新的Kamel方法临床分型对手术治疗有指导意义,并且经鼻内镜鼻内翻性乳头状瘤切除和传统方法相比有较大优势。     

先天性马蹄内翻足动物模型胚胎后肢(芽)评分系统的建立

Objective Quantification of the severity of congenital clubfoot is essential for its re-search and treatment. Up to date, no scoring system is available for hind limb bud development. In this study,a scoring system was established based on a murine model Methods Sixty female Wistar rats weighing 220～250 g were randomized into the six control groups and six experimental groups. Vaginal sperm plug detection day was considered to be day 0 of gestation. Hind limb buds from fetuses of E13, 14, 15,16,17 and 18 days were removed and processed. Results Morphogenetic differentiation changes were detected in the experimental groups. According the new scoring system, clubfoot-like deformity was present in 80.9% of the experimental fetuses. We were able to quantify the extent morphogenetic diffcrentiation of the hind limb accordingly. Conclusions Congenital clubfoot deformities begin at early developmental stage and become exaggerated as the fetuses mature. The scoring system can quantify the extent of congenital clubfoot deformity and facilitate its management.     

DHS钉在治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的应用

自1998～2006年,我们应用DHS钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折83例,在随访过程中达到了早期活动,无髋内翻畸形,双下肢各关节自主活动无明显异常。DHS钉是治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的一种较好的方法。     

肘管综合征神经电生理检测诊断

肘管综合征是指尺神经在肘部尺神经沟处受压，导致尺神经支配区感觉障碍，手部无力，手部内在肌萎缩，爪形手畸形，手指内收外展受限等。自2002—2007年，作者先后对69例临床拟诊为肘管综合征的患者进行神经电生理肌电图检测，为临床及早进行手术治疗提供了可靠的诊断依据。     

可逆性内翻足手法矫治与矫形器的设计

目的：为了观察可逆性足内翻的手法矫正配合配戴过枉矫正矫形器的疗效。方法：对12例足内翻患儿治疗前后的情况进行观察与比较。结果：12例足内翻都得到了不同程度的矫正。结论：对于可逆性足内翻运用手法矫正配合过枉矫正矫形器的配戴可以取得较好效果。     

子宫内翻原因分析及其护理

目的 探讨产后子宫内翻的原因及处理措施。方法 回顾性分析我院收治的9例子宫内翻患者的临床资料。结果 子宫内翻的主要原因为第三产程胎盘未剥离时用力牵拉脐带、按压宫底所致。产妇均有多次生育史，临床表现为出血、休克、疼痛、阴道口见脱出的红色球状肿物，多伴有排尿困难。结论 提高助产技术，正确处理第三产程是预防子宫内翻的关键。一旦诊断明确，应立即手法复位。合并休克时，宜在抗休克的同时行子宫 复位，不宜等待休克好转后再行复位，以免错过抢救时机。     

急性子宫内翻一例抢救成功临床分析

患者，女，25岁，住院号0428，入院诊断：G1P0孕39W^＋5。入院查体：BP130mmHg／90mmHg，心肺正常，肺膨隆，如孕足月大，肝脾未触及肿大。产科检查：腹围102cm，宫底高28cm，胎位LO，胎心140次／分，无宫缩，宫口开约2cm，胎膜未破，宫颈成熟Bishop评分7分，骨盆测量无异常，辅助检查：     

急性完全性子宫内翻1例抢救成功的体会

急性子宫内翻指子宫底部短时间内急骤向宫腔内陷入,甚至自宫颈翻出的病变,是罕见的产科危急并发症。一旦发生可引起大出血、感染、休克,若未及时抢救,患者常在发病后