重症肌无力抗乙酰胆碱受体单链抗体基因的构建

[目的 ]构建重症肌无力抗乙酰胆碱受体主要免疫原区单链抗体A 7基因 .[方法 ]应用PCR技术及基因克隆技术分两步完成重链和轻链可变区基因的克隆 ,再对构建的单链抗体A 7基因进行序列测定检测其核苷酸序列 .[结果 ]构建的重组质粒经序列分析 ,重链可变区基因长度为 36 9bp ,轻链可变区基因长度为 32 1bp ,单链抗体基因长度为 735bp ;单链抗体A 7基因正确地插入在载体质粒pHEN 2开放读码框架内 .[结论 ]成功地构建重症肌无力抗乙酰胆碱受体主要免疫原区单链抗体A 7基因 ,为进一步制备基因工程抗体奠定了基础 .     

重症肌无力胸腺切除术后呼吸道管理与并发症的防治

目的 探讨重症肌无力胸腺切除术后呼吸道管理与并发症的防治.方法 32例ICU收治的重症肌无力胸腺切除术后的患者,根据危象预测积分,分为普通组(积分＜12分,n=21)和高危组 (积分＞12分,n=11),对两组患者术后呼吸机支持时间、拔管前后肌力恢复情况、自主呼吸情况、动脉血气分析情况以及两组患者术后体温、胸片和痰培养结果进行统计分析.结果 高危组患者术后呼吸支持时间(18 ～ 30 h,平均26 h)大于普通组患者(4 ～ 28 h,平均14 h),两组有显著性差异(P＜0.01),同时术后发热、胸片渗出影以及阳性痰培养结果的发生率也高于普通组.结论 术后给予高危患者严密的监测和充分的呼吸支持,有助于降低重症肌无力危象的发生率和死亡率,同时应充分重视气道护理和感染的防治.     

血府逐瘀汤新用

例1 动眼神经麻痹 马某，男，回族，63岁，退休。患者于2004年3月14日来我科就诊，症见左上眼下垂，眼肌无力，不能上抬，视力模糊，左眼瞳孔增大，对光反射迟钝，左眼球向上，下内转动受限，舌质淡红、有瘀点，脉细涩无力。眼科确诊为左动眼神经麻痹(不全)。证系气虚血瘀，肝肾不足，宜益气活血，佐补肝肾。处方：当归、熟地、枸杞子各15g，白芍、川芎、仙灵脾各10g，桃仁、红花、川牛膝各9g，柴胡、积壳各6g，甘草、菊花各5g，黄芪30g，水煎服，1d1剂。经用上方加减治疗，服药30余剂，诸症全部消失，3月后随访未见复发。     

重症肌无力合并慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经病一例

患者女性,65岁,因“右眼睑下垂9个月,四肢无力3个月”于1998年2月就诊于我院,症状晨轻暮重,有贫血史.查体：睑裂左6 mm,右1 mm,左眼外展露白1 mm,双眼上下视不能,埋睫征消失,鼻音、语音嘶哑,饮水呛咳,无憋气,平卧位抬头不能,伸舌受限,四肢近端肌力Ⅴ-级,远端Ⅴ级,侧平举和直腿抬高时间为5 s.注射新斯的明1 mg后 30 min 睑裂增加为10 mm,侧平举时间45 s.重复神经刺激低频递减,诊断为“重症肌无力”.采用激素渐增法治疗1个月后可抬头18 s,侧平举40 s,外展露白、眼球运动受限、饮水呛咳以及伸舌受限均明显改善,肌力正常.CT和磁共振成像（MRI）发现胸腺瘤,     

真患上重症肌无力了吗？

张小姐是一位优秀的白领,年仅28岁。因为工作成绩优异,公司提拔她做高层的领导。她感到有不小的压力。她每日早出晚归,生活变得无规律,十分劳累和紧张。过了一阵子,她感到吃不下饭,睡不好觉,头晕、头疼、易疲劳,心情抑郁、烦躁,这导致她的人际关系也不好。张小姐认     

1例胸腺瘤合并重症肌无力患者的术后护理

重症肌无力是一种自身免疫性疾病,目前,医学上认为胸腺瘤产生过多的T细胞是导致这类疾病的重要因素。外科摘除胸腺癌是临床的重要治疗手段之一,而术后监护与机械通气耐受造成脱机拔管困难,血浆置换等治疗的配合,减少并发症,促进健康又是这类疾病不容忽视的环节。1 病例介绍 患者,女,58岁,因右眼脸下垂16个月,双上肢无力,吞咽困难4个月入院。专科检查四     

重症肌无力病人撤机困难的影响因素及护理对策

重症肌无力是乙酰胆碱受体介导的细胞免疫依赖及补体参与的一种神经-肌肉接头处传递障碍的自身免疫性疾病.     

胸腺瘤合并重症肌无力及单纯红细胞再生障碍性贫血二例

例1女,63岁。主诉全身乏力,眼睑下垂3年,发现贫血4个月。入院前已诊断为重症肌无力,在院外口服吡啶斯的明治疗,曾因严重呼吸困难行气管切开2次。4个月前发现贫血,血红蛋白(Hb)最低为28g/L。经外周血象及骨髓象检查诊断为单纯红细胞再生障碍性贫血,经内科系统治疗,并给予输血,效果不明显。胸部CT示:前上纵隔有占位病变,5cm×5cm×4cm大小,边缘清晰,略呈分叶状,向左侧胸腔内突出,密度均匀。白细胞4.8×109/L,红细胞1.2×1012/L,Hb 34g/L,血小板118×109/L。临床诊断:胸腺瘤合并重症肌无力及单纯红细胞再生障碍性贫血,收住我科行手术治疗。…     

Sympathetic skin response in patients with myasthenia gravis★ A comparative analysis

BACKGROUND: The examination of sympathetic skin response is an important index for assessing the autonomic nerve function, and patients with myasthenia gravis are always accompanied by dysautonomia. Therefore, it will be important to know whether sympathetic skin response can be used as the index for the clinical evaluation of myasthenia gravis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic value of sympathetic skin response in the damage of autonomic nerve function of patients with myasthenia gravis. DESIGN: A case-controlled comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology and Room of Nerve Electromyogram, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty outpatients or inpatients with myasthenia gravis were selected from the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from May 2006 to May 2007, including 9 males and 21 females, aged 8–72 years with a mean age of (28±5) years old. They were all accorded with the diagnostic standards of myasthenia gravis, accompanied by different severity of autonomic nerve symptoms, including poor skin nutrition, sweating of hands and feet, pyknocardia, persistent hypotension, abdominal pain, constipation, etc. They all had not taken any drug affecting the autonomic nerve function before the examination. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients. Meanwhile, 30 healthy physical examinees were enrolled as the normal control group, including 10 males and 20 females, aged 10–75 years with a mean age of (31±5) years old. Approval was obtained from the hospital ethic committee. METHODS: After admission, the patients were examined with sympathetic skin response using DANTEC keypoint 2.0 electromyography evoked potential apparatus (Danmark). The changes of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were observed. The subjects in the normal control group were examined with the same methods at physical examination. Abnormality was judged by the disappearance of wave form, latency longer than that in the normal control group by Mean±2.5SD, or wave amplitude lower than the average value in the normal control group by 50%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The results of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were compared between the patients with myasthenia gravis and normal controls. RESULTS: All the 30 patients with myasthenia gravis and 30 healthy physical examinees were involved in the final analysis of results. There were no significant differences between the left and right upper and lower limbs in both the myasthenia gravis group and normal control group (P > 0.05). In the myasthenia gravis group, the abnormal rate of sympathetic skin response was 37% (11/30), the latency was prolonged and the wave amplitude was decreased as compared with those in the normal control group, and there were significant differences (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Sympathetic skin response can be used as an electrophysiological index for judging the damages of autonomic nerve function in patients with myasthenia gravis.