PET/CT在评价及观察大鼠肺癌放疗效果中的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to understand the role of PET/CT in monitoring the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy (RT) on lung cancer with Wistar rats. Methods Thirty Wistar in-bred strain rats (6-8 weeks, weighed 180-280 g, female, ordinary) were made into Lewis pulmonary tumor model rats. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT was performed when tumor reached 1.5-2.0 cm in greatest diameter (4-6 weeks) as a baseline. In order to get the optimal time point of PET/CT for moni-toring RT effect in rat cancer model, PET/CT was performed at the 3rd day, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th week after giving single dose of 5 Gy to each rat. Standardized uptake values (SUV) from FDG PET were measured and rats were sacrificed at different time point for validation. Besides, the expressions of glucose transport1 (Glut1) in tumor tissue were studied using immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor cell apoptosis, degra-dation, and necrosis were observed. SPSS 11.0 software was used for data analyses. Results A negative correlation of SUV uptake and time after RT and negative correlation of Glut1 expression and time after RT were observed in rat tumors, respectively. Positive correlation of SUV uptake and Glut1 expression in rat tumors was observed (Spearman rank correlation test, rs = 0.97, P < 0.01). Before RT, the SUV in rat tumor was 1.28 ± 0.31 and was decrease to 1. 00 ± 0.23 at the 3rd day and 0.18 ± 0. 10 at the 4th week after RT (F=15. 126, P<0.05). Before RT, the Glut1 in rat tumor was 0.2558 ±0.03 and was decrease to 0. 2320 ± 0. 01 at the 3rd day and 0. 1320±0.04 at the 4th week after RT. The amounts of tumor cell apopto-sis, degradation, and necrosis increased with time after RT. Conclusion Though FDG PET could monitor the therapeutic effect at the 3rd day after giving single dose of RT to rat lung tumor model, the optimal time was the the 4th week after treatment.     

贲门癌合并门静脉高压症治疗探讨

目的 分析贲门癌合并门静脉高压症患者手术后的疗效,并探讨本术式行断流的彻底性.方法 48例贲门癌合并门静脉高压症患者施行食管、上半胃(或)全胃切除、脾切除,特别强调行贲门癌根术基础上结扎、切断异常侧支循环.结果 随访6个月至20年,2例生存超过15年以上,6例超过10年,10例超过5年,15例超过2年,6例因肿瘤复发而死亡,术后未发现再出血,3例有轻、中度食管静脉曲张.结论 贲门癌根治术式对门静脉高压症患者是一种比较彻底的断流术,在加强支持治疗的基础上,选择贲门癌根治术能达到一举两得的功效.     

不同实验室生化危急项目检测结果互认的研究

目的为三家三级甲等医院验证不同实验室生化危急项目检测结果的互认提供实验依据。方法依据美国临床实验室标准化研究所（CLSI）的EP9-A2文件，以本院全自动生化分析检测系统为比较方法，另外两家全自动生化分析检测系统为实验方法，用病人新鲜血清对钾（K^＋）、钠（Na^＋）、氯（Cl^-）、钙（Ca^＋＋）、葡萄糖（Glu）、尿素（Bun）等危急项目进行检测，计算实验方法（Y）和比较方法（X）之间的系统误差（SE%），判断不同检测系统测定结果的可比性。结果六项生化危急项目在三种生化分析系统不同医学决定水平处检测结果的预期偏差在允许误差范围内，线性回归方程及相关性良好（r^2﹥0.95），结果具有可比性。结论三家医院实验室提供的生化危急项目检测结果可以实现互认。     

谈酒精中毒病人暗示催眠的护理

慢性酒精中毒病人住院后由于种种原因夜间出现不同程度的睡眠障碍，对此医生最常用的药物为佳乐定(阿普唑仑)。该药经常服用易产生药物依赖，病人为索取该药常纠缠护士，这既给护理带来不必要的负担，又给病人造成药物依赖的可能。为解决这一问题，经同医生研讨，医生同意护士在值班时有权对服用佳乐定的患者用维生素B1替代，即药物暗示性催眠护理。经对106例酒精中毒睡眠障碍者采用该法临床观察结果表明，效果甚佳。     

150例缺钙患儿检验结果分析

目的：了解怀化市儿童缺钙情况。方法：对2004年6-8月到怀化市鹤城区妇幼保健所门诊进行血钙、碱性磷酸酶检测的儿童进行统计。结果：受检儿童395例，缺钙150例，占37．97％，其中以1-2岁婴幼儿缺钙为主。结论：为保障儿童的身体健康，建议尽早、长期给儿童补钙。     

B超诊断妊娠异常379例分析

2001年以来，县计划生育服务站和人民医院联合开展了孕期保健系列化服务，对妊娠12-36周的孕妇行B超常规检查，本文对检查情况进行了总结，现将超声诊断结果报告如下。     

青霉素过敏引发咽喉部急性水肿1例

患者，姜某，女性，18岁。2001年10月16日因发热咳嗽来院就诊，经检查确诊为上呼吸道感染。于15：30，在按操作常规进行青霉素皮试，试验结果为阴性后，给予5％葡萄糖200ml，青霉素800万静点。大约30分钟后，患者自觉胸闷，呼吸不畅，咽部有阻塞感，立即拔下青霉素液体急来我科就诊。当时见患者急性发热病容，神志清，语言流利，体温38℃，脉搏92次，分，血压100／70mmHg。     

依姆多片治疗冠心病心绞痛172例临床疗效观察

我们自2000年至2002年开始应用依姆多片治疗冠心病心绞痛172例，观察患者服药前后的心绞痛、心电图改善情况，作自身对照，现将结果报告如下。     

农村给水工程配水管网水力计算

本根据农村给水工程的供水用户和用水量明确的特点，积累多年实践经验，提出了以设计配水当量为基础的管网水力计算方法。此方法简便易行，计算结果更接近实际。