下腔静脉后输尿管五例影像分析

下腔静脉后输尿管又称环绕下腔静脉后输尿管,是一种泌尿外科较少见的先天性畸形,易被误诊.我院2003～2008年共收治此病5例,均经影像学检查诊断明确后行手术复位矫正,取得了良好的效果,现结合文献就其影像诊断学特点分析如下.     

血透患者中枸橼酸西地那非的药代动力学及血流动力学变化

患有肾病的男性中ED发病率很高。枸橼酸西地那非是勃起功能障碍的高效治疗药物，严重肾功能不全会使该药清除率下降，但在血透治疗的终末期肾病患者中，该药的药代动力学和血液动力学研究尚未见报导。为了研究血透患者中，该药的药代动力学和血流动力学变化，Grossman EB等人让15例慢性门诊血透维持患者在血透前2h及血透后2h口服单剂西地那非，先服哪一次进行随机分配确定。     

Changes in T .lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain inJury

BACKGROUND： Besides local changes of cranial parenchymal cells, hemorrhage, etc., severe traumatic brain injuries also cause the changes of total body fluid and various functions, and the changes of lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets should be paid more attention to. OBJECTIVE： To reveal the changing laws of T lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain injury, and compare with mild to moderate brain injury. DESIGN： A comparative observation. SETTINGS： Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City; Central Laboratory of Shenzhen Hospital of Prevention and Cure for Chronic Disease. PARTICIPANTS： All the subjects were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City from August 2002 to August 2005. Thirty patients with severe brain injury, whose Glasgow coma score （GCS） was ≤ 8 points, were taken as the experimental group, including 21 males and 9 females, aging 16 - 62 years. Meanwhile, 30 patients with mild traumatic brain injury were taken as the control group （GCS ranged 14- 15 points）, including 18 males and 12 females, aging 15 -58 years. All the subjects were in admission at 6 hours after injury, without disease of major organs before injury Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. METHODS： （1） The T lymphocytes and the subsets in peripheral blood were detected with immunofluorescent tricolor flow cytometry at l, 3, 7 and 14 days after injury in both groups. （2） The conditions of pulmonary infections were observed at 4 days after injury. The differences of measurement data were compared with the t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes of T lymphocytes subsets at 1 - 14 days after severe and mild or moderate traumatic injury. RESULTS： Finally, 28 and 25 patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, whereas 25 and 21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were analyzed at 7 and 14 days respectively, and the missed ones died due to the development of disease. （1） Changes of T lymphocyte subsets： At 1 and 3 days after injury, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 began to decrease, whereas CD8 increased in the experimental group, which were very significantly different from those in the control group （t =2.77 - 3.26, P 〈 0.01）, and began to recover at 7 days, which were significantly different from those in the control group （t = 2.06 - 2.24, P 〈 0.05）, and generally recovered to the normal levels at 14 days （P 〉 0.05）. （2） Conditions of pulmonary infections： At 4 days after injury, the rate of pulmonary infection was significantly different between the experimental group and control group [73% （22/30）, 0, x2=37.29, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： Patients with severe traumatic brain injury suffer from damages of cellular immune function at early period （within 7 days）, and they are easily to be accompanied by pulmonary infections.     

复合矫治弓丝接头的力学性能及接头组织观察

目的　测试复合矫治弓丝接头的机械性能及分析接头、接头断口变化。方法　测试复合矫治弓丝接头的拉伸强度、剪切强度、扭转强度、弯曲形变残余角,TiNi形状记忆合金丝超弹性,扫描电镜观察及分析接头、断口组织变化。结果　复合矫治弓丝接头抗拉伸强度为32 0～36 0MPa ,剪切强度为2 2 0～2 5 0MPa ,抗扭转强度为30～4 0N·m、断裂时扭转角度不小于1 4 4 0°,弯曲形变残余角为1 2～1 7°;钎焊异质接头中TiNi形状记忆合金丝超弹性几乎没有破坏;接头钎料与TiNi形状记忆合金界面不存在扩散层,与不锈钢丝界面之间有一较宽的扩散层,接头断裂多发生在钎料与TiNi形状记忆合金超弹界面处,部分发生在钎缝中心。结论　复合矫治弓丝机械性能符合正畸临床要求,可应用于临床。     

应力性骨折的影像学诊断进展

应力性骨折（stress fracture SF）亦称疲劳性骨折，是军事训练、运动员训练中常见的损伤。其发病率各家报道不同，美国海军陆战队新兵的发病率为2．9％，以色列新兵高达31％。国内报道，新兵应力性骨折发病率为9．5％～16．9％，个别报道高达32．5％。应力性骨折好发于下肢，不同运动引起的应力性骨折部位各异，比如，篮球运动员的跗、跖骨发病率较高，田径运动员多发于胫骨、腓骨或跖骨，足球运动员好发于第5跖骨。部队军事训练中，以负重行军和长跑训练引起的胫骨应力性骨折最为多见（50．0％～80．0％），其次为跖骨（20．0％～40．0％）。     

40例老年急性肾功能衰竭的临床分析

由于老年人肾脏的解剖生理变化导致应变能力的相应下降，易发生急性肾功能衰竭（ARF）。我院自2000年开展血液透析治疗以来，提高了对老年ARF的治愈好转率。笔者收集院1998年1月～2005年1月老年ARF病例40例进行临床分析，报道如下：     

谈足疗的神奇功效

足疗是我国传统医学的宝贵遗产之一,它是在中医理论的指导下,运用各种特定或变化的手法在足部反射区进行有效的刺激,通过这种良性的物理刺激缓解人体的紧张状态,促进足部经络气血运行,进而调节全身各系统的生理变化以达到治疗、预防、保健等目的的保健治病方法。     

38例腰腿痛患者影像学检查及结果分析

目的 合理应用影像学检查,探讨腰腿痛的病因诊断,为临床治疗提供依据.方法 对38例腰腿痛患者进行随访,观察普通照片后经CT、MRI及B超等复查的最后诊断,对比进行分析.结果 单纯普通照片对椎间盘脱出、椎管狭窄、骶部硬膜外囊肿、股骨头无菌坏死、梨状肌损伤等疾病缺乏直接征象,不能作为诊断依据.结论 应用CT、MRI现代影像技术,同时借助B超、肌电图等相关检查,是确诊腰腿痛病因的有效方法.     

色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎影像学分析

色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎是一种少见的慢性关节病，其病理特征为滑膜的高度增生伴棕黄色含铁血黄色素沉着。我院从1984年5月-2004年12月共收治8例。现就其临床表现，影像学特点作一回顾性分析，旨在提高对本病的认识及诊断水平。     

分娩期保健——分娩前宣教

“妊娠人生大事，务使母婴安全”，是WHO提出的号召，意在保障母婴健康，提高人口出生素质。《中华人民共和国母婴保健法》为此强调了孕期保健服务：虽然分娩是一个自然生理过程，可它对人类却往往是一件重大的应激事件，尤其是初产妇，非常容易出现复杂的心理变化，对分娩产生不良的影响。因此，近年来心身医学正在日益受到广泛重视，