侧脑室联合蛛网膜下腔持续引流治疗继发性脑室出血

继发性脑室出血通常是由于高血压性脑实质出血直接穿破所致,是一种病情凶险,病情复杂,并发症多,病死率很高的急性脑血管病,总死亡率达83.3% [1] ,目前国内外治疗方法不一。2 0 0 1年1月至2 0 0 3年10月我院采取超早期侧脑室引流,术后蛛网膜下腔置管持续引流治疗继发性脑室出血2     

米索前列醇预防产后出血的临床观察

产后出血是分娩常见并发症，严重者危及产妇生命，预防产后出血是减少产妇病死率的重要内容之一。为探寻一种安全、简单、高效的预防方法，在产后立即给产妇一次性口服米索前列醇600μg，通过增强子宫收缩，预防产后出血，临床效果显著。现报告如下。     

米索前列醇预防剖宫产后出血344例临床观察

目的:观察米索前列醇预防剖宫产手术后出血的临床效果。方法:随机将有剖宫产手术指征的344例孕妇分为3组,分别为在胎儿娩出后给予米索前列醇200mg舌下含化(A组)、缩宫素静脉滴注及子宫肌层注射(B组)和对照组(C组,不给予任何药物),观察产后不同时间的出血量。结果:产后出血量及出血发生率A、B组均明显少于C组(P<0·05)。结论:米索前列醇对分娩后子宫具有较好的收缩作用,且给药方便、安全性较好。     

新生儿脐部护理中常见问题及对策

新生儿脐部护理中常见的问题有脐带出血、脐炎、脐带肉芽肿，严重者可合并全身感染。为保障新牛儿健康，提高护理质量，我们采取出生时正确断脐，严密观察做好脐部日常护理，保持局部干燥，并对脐部不同时期临床表现采取不同的护理方法。2005年我们护理新生儿1582例，无1例发生脐炎、脐部感染及并发病。现将护理体会报告如下：     

胎盘早剥行剖宫产术中大出血6例抢救体会

胎盘早剥行剖宫产术作为一种解决难产及解除母婴危险状态的方法在各级医院已相当普及，随之而来的手术并发症问题越来越受到重视，术中大出血是最常见的并发症之一，子宫收缩乏力是术中出血的首要原因，目前产后出血是我国孕产妇死亡的第一位死因佗。2005年8月-2005年12月，我室抢救了6例因胎盘早剥、胎儿窘迫行急诊剖宫产术中大出血的产妇，现将抢救体会报告如下。     

眼底出血的辨证治疗

眼底出血具有吸收缓慢、病程迁延、并发症多、致盲率高等病理特点,是临床常见而且容易造成失明的眼底病。应从病因、病位、病程、眼底、药性等5个方面去详辨,使治疗措施符合病情。1辨病因以明病证性质眼底出血病因主要有6种,一是外伤出血:眼底结构精细,组织脆弱,任何轻微的损伤均可使血管破裂而出血;二是炎性出血:眼底血管因炎性刺激,血里的成分破壁而出;三是变性出血:眼底组织因变性疾患使血管脆性增加,凝血机制不良而出血;四是血管硬化出血:眼底动脉硬化,血管壁变厚,血流量减少,可使视网膜缺血,组织坏死出血;五是血管栓塞出血:眼底血管栓…     

异位妊娠误行终止早孕方法2例

1病例报告例1患者,女,32岁,停经38天有恶心,厌食、乏力等早孕反应,尿妊娠试验阳性,自购“米非司酮和米索前列醇”口服3天,服药第4天阴道有少量出血,见有胎物排出(未经医生检查)。服药后第8天,腹痛剧烈、肛门坠胀、头晕、畏寒、出冷汗并晕倒1次,来我院就诊。既往月经正常,足月顺     

高血压脑出血微创治疗中再出血的防治

应用YL-1型血肿碎吸针，依CT定位，穿刺碎吸血肿，损伤小、操作简便，已在全国推广应用。但其本身无止血作用，如操作方法不当，术中及术后再出血发生率较高，再次出血病人预后极差，临床上应重视再出血的防治。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

脑室置管和腰椎穿刺行脑脊液置换治疗严重蛛网膜下腔出血44例报告

自1997年1月至2004年8月,我们应用侧脑室外引流和腰椎穿刺放液、脑脊液置换治疗严重自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)44例,效果良好。现报道如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组男24例,女20例;年龄18岁~74岁,平均58岁,其中60岁以上20例,占45.4%。全部病人均行多次脑CT检查,均有广泛蛛网膜