Electrophysiological evaluation in 4 patients with diabetic pseudotabes

BACKGROUND: Researches on diabetic nervous system lesion are mainly focus on peripheral nerve and vegetative nerve, so there are few investigations on diabetic pseudotabes. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the electrophysiological examinations on the diagnosis of diabetic pseudotabes. DESIGN: Case study. SETTING: Department of Electrophysiology and Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 4 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including 3 males and 1 female aged from 50 to 72 years, were selected from Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from March 2002 to February 2005. All accepted subjects met the modified diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus, which was set by American Diabetes Mellitus Association (ADA) in 1997. Otherwise, the subjects had typical symptoms and physical signs of spinal posterior funiculus damage. However, patients with spinal cord lesion which was caused by other factors were excluded. All accepted subjects provided the confirmed consent. METHODS: Nicolet NT electromyography (EMG)/evoked potential meter (made in the USA) was used to detect spinal cord conduction velocity (SCCV), somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) of lower limbs, motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) of extremities. Determining criteria: Measurements were performed based on the laboratory standards. SCCV, which was less than lower limit of normal value (T2–12: 40–55 m/s, T12–L4: 20–41 m/s, T2–L4: 36–45 m/s), was regarded as abnormal. SEP value of lower limbs: P40, P60 and PF, which were more than standard deviation of normal value (x(—)+2.5), were regarded as the abnormality. Normal value of P40, P60 and PF latencies (x(—)±s) in this study: P40, P60 and PF in males were (37.6±1.9) ms, (59.8±3.9) ms and (7.6±0.9) ms, respectively; meanwhile, those in females were (35.5±1.7) ms, (55.2±2.7) ms and (6.3±0.7) ms, respectively. MNCV and SNCV, which were less than 50 m/s in upper limbs and 40 m/s in lower limbs, were regarded as the abnormality. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Electrophysiological examinations. RESULTS: All 4 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were involved in the final analysis. ① SCCV: Among 4 patients, SCCV of three patients was decreased in T2–12, T12–L4 and T2–L4, and that of the other one was decreased in T2–12 and T2–L4; however, SCCV in T12–L4 was normal. There was significant difference as compared with normal value (P < 0.01). ② SEP of lower limbs: SEP values of lower limbs were abnormal in all 4 patients. Among them, P40, P60 and PF latencies of two patients were delayed; P40 of one patient was delayed and PF was not drained out; P40 and P60 of the last one were delayed and PF was normal. ③ MNCV and SNCV: The MNCV and SNCV were normal in one patient and abnormal in three patients. The results demonstrated that MNCV and SNCV of extremities decreased; especially, sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) of both lower extremities of one patient were not drained out. CONCLUSION: Detections of SCCV, SEP of lower limbs, MNCV and SNCV of extremities are helpful to investigate whether peripheral nerve and deep sensory passage are damaged or not and determine whether deep sensory damage is caused by peripheral nerve and spinal posterior funiculus.     

冈盂切迹腱鞘囊肿致肩胛上神经卡压一例报告

患者 男，35岁。因右肩胛部酸痛不适5个月，右肩外展无力1个月入院。患者无外伤史，曾被诊断为“肩周炎”、“颈椎病”，对症治疗无改善。查体：右肩外旋、外展能力较左侧明显减弱，冈下肌明显萎缩，冈上窝局部压痛，双上肢伸直前屈90。胸前交叉可诱发右肩胛部不适。肌电图示肩胛上神经运动传导速度明显下降，为20m／s。诱发电位振幅明显下降，冈     

室早使窦性P波跨R波传导伪似交界区心律1例

患者男、84岁,心悸入院。高血压,冠心病多年。一度房室阻滞12年。血压160/80mmHg,律不齐。动态心电图(图1)可见室早后酷似交界心律,利用梯形图分析,发现PP间期基本相等(0.72s),窦性P3、P7重叠在早搏的QRS终末部或T波上,P1R1、P2R2间期0.24s、R1R2间期0.72s、P3R3间期0.88s、R2R3间期1.38s其间夹有室早,P4R4间期0.84s、R3R4间期0.72s、P5R5     

转化生长因子β的研究进展

Delaro等于1978年研究病毒时首次发现转化生长因子β(TGF—β)，随后相继发现与其有类似功能的物质，并将其命名为转化生长因子超家族。目前已知TGF—β超家族广泛存在于从线虫到哺乳动物之中，有30多种成员，包括TGF—β家族、抑制素(inhibin)／活化素(activin)家族、骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic protein，BMP)家族、米勒抑制物(mullerian     

几丁质膜引导兔桡骨缺损骨再生的实验研究

采用引导骨组织再生原理进行长管状骨缺损修复实验。取兔１０只，造成双侧桡骨８ｍｍ节段性骨缺损，一侧采用几丁质膜覆盖成管室状，另一侧作为空白对照。术后６周，对愈后情况进行Ｘ线及组织学检查，对照侧均呈骨不连，骨端圆纯、髓腔闭合，治疗侧在膜表面形成薄形骨痂使骨缺损取得愈合。结果表明，几丁质膜具有引导骨组织再生、防止骨不连作用。而膜管内骨痂稀少可能与膜管阻碍了一些成骨因子进入膜管内有关，在膜管中植入ＢＭＰ，     

d-宁烯、丹参及姜黄素衍生物对ras基因产物膜结合和细胞间隙信息传导的影响

目的旨在寻找新型抗肿瘤药物,进一步研究d-宁烯、丹参及姜黄素衍生物的抗肿瘤机理。采用分子生物学方法及划痕标记染料示踪技术,研究了4种人实体瘤起源的细胞系的细胞间隙信息传导(GJIC)、H-ras癌基因表达以及ras癌基因产物(P21^ras蛋白)表达状态,并观察了4种天然产物对它们的影响。结果表明,细胞内染料传输功能的丧失与ras基因突变率呈正相关;单萜化合物d-宁烯和酚类化合物丹参衍生物的抗肿瘤作用可能与抑制P21^ras蛋白膜结合和增强细胞间隙信息传导功能有关。提示Ras癌基因产物P21^ras蛋白膜结合的抑制与细胞间隙信息传导功能的增强有直接关系。     

心脏传导的变异性裂隙现象

在连续３６１例患者心内电生理检查中，发现４例有心脏传导的裂隙现象。其特点表现为激动传导方向上远端平面相对不应期（ＲＲＰ）长，程序刺激中先出现传导延缓，随后近端平面也进入ＲＲＰ使传导变为延缓，激动经过近端平面延缓传导后，到达远端平面时其已脱离了ＲＲＰ，使已经在远端传导延缓的情况变为传导正常，与经典的裂隙现象相比，这种裂隙现象的发生机制，与心内电图的表现均有不同，暂定名为变异性裂隙现象。     

192例糖尿病患者周围神经传导速度检测分析

目的：检测周围神经感觉及运动神经传导速度，为临床早期发现糖尿病性周围神经病变提供依据。方法：对临床诊断为糖尿病的192例患者检测双侧尺神经、正中神经的运动及感觉传导速度；双腓总神经运动传导速度；双侧腓肠神经感觉传导速度。结果：上下肢感觉传导速度异常率明显高于运动传导速度异常率，下肢感觉传导速度异常率亦高于上肢感觉神经异常率，而且运动神经检测中末端潜伏期延长较神经干传导异常早。结论：对糖尿病患者及早作周围神经检测，尤其在感觉神经检测及运动传导速度检测时注意末端潜伏期的延长有助于早期发现周围神经病变。     

116例腰骶神经根损伤的肌电图分析

为探讨肌电图(EMG)检查对腰骶神经根损伤的诊断意义，对116例(病例组)腰骶神经根损伤患者进行肌电图、神经传导速度(NCV)、H反射检测，并与正常人群相应指标对比。结果，病例组肌电图异常82例，异常率71％；胫神经H反射检测84例，异常64例，异常率76％；NCV异常5例，异常率4．3％。认为肌电图检查能定位神经根病损的范围，判断程度和预后。