Anti-osteoporotic effect of Erythrina variegata L. in ovariectomized rats

The present study was designed to investigate whether Erythrina variegata L. (EV), which belongs to the leguminous family, exerted any beneficial effects on bone in ovariectomized rats. Daily oral administration of the EV extract at 300 and 600 mg/kg for 14 weeks to rats prevented the OVX-induced increase in the serum OCN, ALP, and urinary DPD levels. Histomorphometric analysis of the proximal end of the tibia showed that the EV extract prevented the estrogen deficiency-induced decrease in trabecular thickness and trabecular area, as well as restoring the increase in trabecular separation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the EV extract improved the energy absorption and stiffness of the mid-shaft of the rat femur. Thus, the present study clearly demonstrated that EV could suppress the high rate of bone turnover induced by estrogen deficiency, inhibit bone loss and improve the biomechanical properties of bone in the OVX rats.     

杜仲苷对炎性环境下软骨细胞的增殖和Ⅱ型胶原蛋白分泌的影响

目的：观察杜仲苷对IL-1β刺激大鼠体外软骨细胞的增殖及Ⅱ型胶原蛋白分泌的影响。方法：利用IL-1β刺激建立体外大鼠软骨细胞炎性模型,实验分为空白组、IL-1β组、10μM杜仲苷组、100μM杜仲苷组、500μM杜仲苷组、1000μM杜仲苷组;空白组加入10%FBS培养液,IL-1β组加入10ng/mL IL-1β＋10%FBS培养液,4个不同浓度杜仲苷组分别加入10μM、100μM、500μM、1000μM杜仲苷＋10ng/mL IL-1β＋10%FBS培养液,分别培养48小时,采用CCK8检测软骨细胞增殖活力及Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的分泌。结果：IL-1β组的OD值低于空白组（P〈0.05）;4个不同浓度杜仲苷组的OD值均高于IL-1β组（P〈0.05）,且存在一定的量效关系;4个不同浓度杜仲苷组的Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达均高于IL-1β组（P〈0.05）,且存在有一定的量效关系。结论：杜仲苷可以提高体外大鼠软骨细胞炎性环境下的增殖活力,促进Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的分泌,表明杜仲苷对体外大鼠软骨细胞有一定的抗炎保护作用。     

金芪降糖片对糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的实验研究

[目的]观察金芪降糖片对糖尿病大鼠肾组织晚期糖化终末产物受体(RAGE)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)表达的影响。[方法]测定造模后20周糖尿病组(DM组)、糖尿病给药组(DD组)和对照组(N组)大鼠24 h尿微量白蛋白定量(UMA)、平均血糖(APG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)、RAGE、TGF-β1、VEGF、CTGF水平及肾脏形态学改变,评价金芪降糖片的肾保护作用。[结果]与DM组相比,DD组平均血糖、TC差异无统计学意义,Ccr高于DM组,而UMA、TG、RAGE、TGF-β1、VEGF、CTGF水平降低,差异有统计学意义;光镜和电镜下,DD组肾组织损伤程度均轻于DM组。[结论]金芪降糖片可以减轻糖尿病慢性肾损伤的程度,其肾保护作用可能与其降脂及降低RAGE、TGF-β1、VEGF、CTGF水平有关。     

Evidence of anti-inflammatory effects of Passiflora edulis in an inflammation model

The popular medicine Passiflora edulis has been used as a sedative, tranquilizer, against cutaneous inflammatory diseases and intermittent fever. Most of the pharmacological investigations of Passiflora edulis have been addressed to its Central Nervous System activities, such as anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and sedative actions. Otherwise, there are few reports about the anti-inflammatory activity of the Passiflora species. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous lyophilized extract obtained from leaves of Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa Degener (Passifloraceae) in the mouse model of pleurisy induced by carrageenan (Cg), bradykinin, histamine or substance P, observing the effects upon leucocytes migration, myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO) concentrations and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) levels. RESULTS: Passiflora edulis (250mg/kg) administered by intraperitoneal route (i.p.) inhibited the leukocyte, neutrophils, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, TNFalpha and IL-1beta levels (P<0.01) in the pleurisy induced by carrageenan. Passiflora edulis (250-500mg/kg, i.p.) also inhibited total and differential leukocytes in the pleurisy induced by bradykinin, histamine or substance P (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Several mechanisms, including the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFalpha, IL-1beta), enzyme (myeloperoxidase) and mediators (bradykinin, histamine, substance P, nitric oxide) release and/or action, appear to account for Passiflora edulis's actions.     

白子菜药材薄层色谱鉴别的实验研究

目的:为白子菜药材地上部分的品质评价及其活性成分的开发利用提供实验依据,以利于更全面地对该药材进行质量控制。方法:白子菜经乙醇和酸等不同提取方法提取后进行薄层色谱鉴别和分析。结果:白子菜中槲皮素鉴别的最佳薄层条件为甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲酸(5∶4∶1),白子菜中β-谷甾醇鉴别的最佳薄层条件为甲苯-氯仿-丙酮-甲醇(8∶5∶1∶1)。结论:以上薄层色谱条件可以较好地分离和鉴别白子菜中的槲皮素和β-谷甾醇。     

Attenuation of diabetic nephropathy by Chaihuang-Yishen granule through anti-inflammatory mechanism in streptozotocin-induced rat model of diabetics

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Traditional Chinese medical herbs have been used in China for a long time to treat different diseases. Based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) principle, Chaihuang-Yishen granule (CHYS) was developed and has been employed clinically to treat chronic kidney disease including diabetic nephropathy (DN). The present study was designed to investigate its mechanism of action in treatment of DN.

Materials and methods

Diabetic rats were established by having a right uninephrectomy plus a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Rats were divided into four groups of sham, diabetes, diabetes with CHYS and diabetes with fosinopril. CHYS and fosinopril were given to rats by gavage for 20 weeks. Samples from blood, urine and kidney were collected for biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses.

Results

Rats treated with CHYS showed reduced 24 h urinary protein excretion, decreased serum TC and TG levels, but CHYS treatment did not affect blood glucose level. Glomerular mesangial expansion and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic rats were significantly alleviated by CHYS treatment. Moreover, CHYS administration markedly reduced mRNA levels of NF-κB p65 and TGF-β1, as well as decreased protein levels of NF-κB p65, MCP-1, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the kidney of diabetic rats.

Conclusions

CHYS ameliorates renal injury in diabetic rats through reduction of inflammatory cytokines and their intracellular signaling.     

蒙药胃舒安对束缚-水浸应激致胃溃疡的预防作用及对TGF-β1表达的影响

[目的]评价蒙药胃舒安对束缚-水浸应激所致大鼠胃溃疡的预防作用。[方法]将Wistar实验大鼠,分正常组、给药组和对照组3组,正常组不给药,无束缚-水浸应激压力,对照组给淀粉,给药组灌胃给蒙药胃舒安,给药剂量为0．9～1．3mL／只（82．5g／L）,连续给胃舒安7d后,停食24h,建立3h束缚-水浸应激性胃溃疡模型,取胃,肉眼观察胃黏膜损伤,用Image J图像分析法测定胃黏膜溃疡面积,并进行比较。用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测胃溃疡大鼠血清转化生长因子（TGF-β1）含量并进行比较。[结果]蒙药胃舒安对3h束缚-水浸应激所致大鼠胃溃疡形成有抑制作用。胃舒安组大鼠血清TGF-β1含量明显低于对照组。[结论]蒙药胃舒安对实验大鼠束缚-水浸应激3h所致胃溃疡的形成有显著抑制作用。     

雷公藤甲素通过PTEN表达调控Wnt/β-catenin通路抑制黑色素瘤的机制研究

目的:探讨雷公藤甲素的抗黑色素瘤作用是否与PTEN表达及Wnt/β-catenin通路相关。方法:实验分为5组:空白对照组、雷公藤甲素(20 nmol/L)组、β-catenin抑制剂(5μmol/L IWR-1-endo)组、雷公藤甲素+β-catenin抑制剂组、ATRA(100μmol/L)组。分别采用CCK8法、Annexin V-FITC/PI双染色法、实时定量PCR法和Western blot法检测各组A375细胞活力、凋亡率及PTEN、β-catenin、Bcl-2、Caspase-3、PCNA mRNA及蛋白的表达。结果:雷公藤甲素、β-catenin抑制剂和ARTA处理能抑制A375细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡,在增强Caspase-3和PTEN表达的同时抑制β-catenin、Bcl-2、PCNA的表达。结论:雷公藤甲素能抑制黑色素瘤细胞A375的增殖并诱导其凋亡,该作用可能是通过增加PTEN的表达进而抑制Wnt/β-catenin通路的激活来实现。     

加味五子衍宗方含药脑脊液对β淀粉样蛋白诱导海马神经元损伤的保护作用

目的研究加味五子衍宗方及其总多糖、总黄酮含药脑脊液对β淀粉样蛋白诱导的原代大鼠海马神经元损伤的保护作用。方法体外原代培养大鼠胎鼠海马神经元,并将加味五子衍宗方的提取物(总方、总多糖、总黄酮)对大鼠进行灌胃给药,然后抽取含药脑脊液,将含药脑脊液与20μmol/L的Aβ25-35共同作用海马神经元24h后,分别检测正常对照组、Aβ25-35损伤组、空白脑脊液保护组、加味五子衍宗方含药脑脊液(总方、总多糖、总黄酮)保护组的海马神经元活力、凋亡率以及凋亡相关蛋白(caspase-3,PARP,Bcl-2,Bcl-XL,JNK1/2,p38MAPK)的变化情况。结果加味五子衍宗方不同提取物(总方、总多糖、总黄酮)的含药脑脊液对Aβ25-35所诱导的海马神经元毒性均有保护作用,且总黄酮、总多糖含药脑脊液的保护作用明显高于总方含药脑脊液(P0.05或P0.01),但是加味五子衍宗方不同组分(总方、总多糖、总黄酮)的含药脑脊液对凋亡相关蛋白的调控机制并不一致。结论加味五子衍宗方中的部分黄酮类和多糖类成分可以透过血脑屏障并进入脑脊液,同时这些成分对β淀粉样蛋白所致的神经损伤有一定的保护作用。     

磁共振成像(T2*)检测重型β-地中海贫血患儿心脏、肝脏铁负荷及左心室射血分数的研究

目的观察我院重型β-地中海贫血(β-TM)患儿血清铁蛋白(SF)和体内铁沉积状况及对心脏功能的影响。方法检测我院28例重型β-TM患儿SF水平,并由我院放射科运用磁共振成像T2*(MRI T2*)技术检测心脏及肝脏铁沉积状况及左室射血分数(LVEF)。结果本组28例患儿中男16例,女12例,中位年龄11.2岁(7岁1个月~16岁11个月)。28例患儿中SF轻度升高者4例(14.3%),中度升高者8例(28.6%),高度升高者16例(57.1%)。肝脏MRI T2*检测结果 :肝铁轻度沉积2例(7.1%),中度沉积8例(28.6%),重度沉积18例(54.8%);心脏MRI T2*检测结果 :心铁正常16例(57.1%),轻度铁沉积4例(14.3%),中度铁沉积4例(14.3%),重度铁沉积4例(14.3%);LVEF降低者19例(67.9%),4例心脏重度铁沉积患儿中有3例(75%)LVEF明显降低(≤55%)。本组患儿SF水平与肝脏T2*值(r=-0.467,P=0.036)、心脏T2*值(r=-0.486,P=0.01)呈明显负相关;SF与输血量呈正相关(r=0.634,P=0.043;r=0.067,P=0.124)而与去铁治疗呈负相关(r=-0.526,P=0.043),SF和心脏T2*值与LVEF均无相关性(r=-0.154,P=0.306;r=0.067,P=0.124)。结论重型β-TM患儿SF增高及肝脏重度铁沉积发生率高,虽然心脏重度铁沉积患儿发生率不高,但心脏重度铁沉积患儿多有LVEF明显降低。