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微电极细胞内记录技术应用于研究乙酰胆碱(Ach)和5—羟色胺(5—HT)对日本血吸虫雄性成虫皮层和肌细胞电活动的作用。实验结果显示:(1)Ach对虫体机械活动和肌细胞(n=96)电活动有明显抑制作用。阿托品能拮抗(Acm)的作用,而使虫体活动和肌细胞电活动增强;(2)5—HT对虫体皮层细胞(n=123)和肌细胞(n=107)静息电位有去极化作用,去极化幅值为2—6mV,并能明显增强细胞放电频率。同时,也增强虫体活动度。赛庚啶能拮抗5—HT对虫体的作用;(3)虫体机械收缩活动与肌细胞放电频率成正比的关系。虫体细胞对Ach和5—HT的作用具有明显量效反应。5—HT的作用与细胞膜Ca2+的流通有关。 相似文献
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Reflections on experimental and human pathology of aggression 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
L Valzelli 《Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry》1984,8(3):311-325
On the basis of the already proposed distinction between "normal" and "pathological" aggression in laboratory animals, it is essayed an integration of the experimental findings derived from a specific animal model of aggression with the available clinical information on human violent behavior. The too disregarded importance of the role played by the inhibitory control of brain functions, appears instead reportedly essential in the regulation of emotions and behavior, and is of great relevance in explaining the behavioral changes that follow induced or spontaneous impairment of the serotonergic system of the brain. As a matter of fact, the numerous evidences indicate that genetic predisposition and induced or acquired defects of serotonergic inhibitory control greatly concur to precipitate anomalous strong aggression. Interestingly, the cluster of symptoms presented by laboratory rats in consequence of the serotonergic discontrol, has many unexpected similarities with several pathological conditions of man. This fact confers to laboratory experiments the value of a tool aimed at a better understanding of the biological mechanisms which underlie corresponding alterations of human conduct, with special reference to pathological aggression and violence. In this line, some specific nutrient defects and/or malabsorption conditions can be important in the facilitation or elicitation of mental illness including human aggression. In addition, the efficacy and neurochemical action of those substances capable to partially or completely block or prevent experimental aggression, will likely assume equal relevance in the management or prevention of human violent behavior. 相似文献
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不同方法使用东莨菪碱脱毒效果的比较 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:观察东莨菪碱(scopolamine,Spm)和氯丙嗪(chloprmazine,Clo)对吗啡戒断反应的影响。方法:采用吗啡依赖大鼠模型,不同剂量单多次皮下注射(sc)东莨菪碱及合并使用氯丙嗪处理动物后,腹腔注射(ip)纳洛酮5mg/kg诱发戒断反应,观察戒断症状。结果:单次sc东莨菪碱1.0mg/kg及多次sc东莨菪碱0.5mg/kg可明显抑制吗啡依赖大鼠的身体戒断反应,合并注射氯丙嗪20.0mg/kg时的效果更好.结论:东莨菪碱通过Ach受体可以抑制吗啡戒断反应,氯丙嗪则可能通过作用于蓝斑墙 枢部位α2受体与东莨菪碱起到协同作用. 相似文献
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针药结合对VD大鼠脑内Ach及AchE活性的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的:观察电针与中药复方脑康胶囊结合对VD大鼠脑内Ach含量及AchE活性的影响.方法:雄性大鼠60只,随机抽取10只,作为正常对照组;余下50只经4-血管阻断法造成VD动物模型后,随机抽取40只分成模型组、针药结合组、电针组、中药组.经4周分别治疗后处死取脑,检测其脑内Ach含量及AchE活性并进行比较.结果:针药结合组与模型组比较,Ach含量明显升高(P<0.01),AchE活性明显降低(P<0.01);与电针组和中药组相比,Ach含量升高(P<0.05),AchE活性降低(P<0.05).结论:针药结合能明显改善VD大鼠胆碱能系统的功能,调节脑内Ach生理代谢,从而达到治疗VD的目的,其作用较单纯电针和中药治疗明显. 相似文献
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《Indian heart journal》2022,74(3):182-186
BackgroundIt has been reported that significant endothelial dysfunction or clinically evident vasospasm can be associated with drug-eluting stents (DESs). However, the impact of DES associated coronary artery spasm (CAS) on long-term clinical outcomes has not been fully elucidated as compared with those of patients with vasospastic angina.MethodsA total of 2797 consecutive patients without significant coronary artery lesion (<70%), who underwent the Acetylcholine (Ach) provocation test, were enrolled between Nov 2004 and Oct 2010. DES-associated spasm was defined as significant CAS in proximal or distal to previously implanted DES site at follow-up angiography with Ach test. Patients were divided into two groups (DES-CAS; n = 108, CAS; n = 1878). For adjustment, propensity score matching (PSM) was done (C-statistics = 0.766, DES-CAS; n = 102, CAS; n = 102). SPSS 20 (Inc., Chicago, Illinois) was used to analyze this data.ResultsBaseline characteristics were worse in the DES-CAS group. After PSM, both baseline characteristics and the Ach test results were balanced except higher incidence of diffuse CAS and ECG change in the DES-CAS group. During Ach test, the incidence of diffuse spasm (93.1% vs. 81.3%, p = 0.012) and ST-T change (10.7% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.010) were higher in the DES-CAS group. At 3-year, before and after adjustment, the DES-CAS group showed a higher incidence of coronary revascularization (9.8% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.001), recurrent chest pain requiring follow up coronary angiography (CAG, 24.5% vs. 7.8%, p = 0.001) and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs, 9.8% vs. 0.9%, p < 0.005).ConclusionIn this study, DES associated CAS was associated with higher incidence of diffuse spasm, ST-T change and adverse 3-year clinical outcomes. Special caution should be exercised in this particular subset of patients. 相似文献
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Lin Luo Tingting Xu Pengbo Wang Liuliu Mao Chenghao Xi Jinhua Huang Wei Zhang 《Experimental and toxicologic pathology》2017,69(2):73-81
The pathological changes of parasympathetic nerve are considered as an independent prognostic factor of the survival rate of patients with chronic liver disease. The non-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchR) agonists and antagonists can affect the proliferation of hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells, but the subtypes of mAchR expressions in HCs are still uncertain. Here, we investigate the expression of mAchR in hepatic fibrosis on rats. 3 ml/kg 40% carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) was given to induce hepatic fibrosis on rats and the hepatocytes were isolated. Compared to the normal state, the expression levels of m1, 3, 5 in fibrotic liver tissues or hepatocytes were obviously increased, while m2, 4 decreased. 10 μM pilocarpine or 10 μM acetylcholine could increase the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hydroxyproline (Hyp), collagen I, III in the hepatocytes, and decreased albumin (ALB). They also changed the expressions of mAchR similarly as the fibrotic hepatocytes and livers. However, atropine could ameliorate the state of fibrotic hepatocytes. These data indicate that mAchR played an important role in the regulation of hepatic fibrosis process. Targeting mAchR would have therapeutic potential for hepatic fibrosis. 相似文献
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四君子汤及其加味对脾气虚大鼠神经—肌肉接头传递的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用玻璃微电极记录方法,以小终板电位(MEPP)、乙酰胆碱电位(AchP)为指标,选取大鼠膈神经—膈肌标本,观察了四君子汤及其加味(淫羊藿、枸杞子)提取物对脾气虚大鼠神经——肌肉接头传递的影响。结果表明:脾气虚大鼠MEPP与AchP的振幅明显低于健康大鼠,但其MEPP频率及AchP时程,与健康大鼠相比则无明显差异;四君子汤提取物能使脾气虚大鼠MEPP及AchP的振幅升高(P<0.05),对MEPP频率及AchP时程则没有影响;单纯的淫羊藿、枸杞子提取物没有如此作用,但四君子汤加淫羊藿、枸杞子的提取物却使脾气虚大鼠AchP的振幅升高更为显著(P<0.01)。以上结果提示:脾气虚时神经—肌肉接头传递功能将发生障碍,并且障碍可能发生在神经—肌肉接头的突触后膜。健脾益气方药四君子汤可以增强脾气虚时神经—肌肉接头的传递功能,补肾壮阳药淫羊藿、枸杞子有增强四君子汤改善脾气虚时神经—肌肉接头传递障碍的效应。 相似文献
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从金环蛇毒中分离得到一个作用于突触后膜的神经毒——组分Ⅸ。与通常的蛇毒突触后神经毒不同,组分Ⅸ对蛙腹直肌的乙酰胆碱量效曲线呈现非竞争性抑制。在有新斯的明存在时,高浓度乙酰胆碱使腹直肌产生相反的效应。在实验用浓度下,组分Ⅸ对125Ⅱ标记的眼镜蛇神经毒与电鳐电器官膜碎片的结合无显著影响。应用电压固定技术的研究表明,组分Ⅸ能够抑制终板电流,最后使其完全消失,且能缩短终板电流的半衰期。增加衰减速率常数α值;对终板电流的平衡电位无显著影响.实验提示组分Ⅸ是通过乙酰胆碱受体以外的作用方式产生阻断作用的,作用部位可能在终板离子通道。 相似文献