Preservation of aortic leaflets during rapid deployment valve implantation in patients with aortic insufficiency

Development of a new surgical technique for aortic valve replacement with the use of rapid deployment/sutureless valve: a leaflet preservation technique applying imbrication methods to pliable aortic leaflets. We aim to decrease the incidence of paravalvular leak by preserving aortic leaflets in patients with aortic insufficiency and large aortic annulus.     

Sutureless versus conventional bioprostheses for aortic valve replacement in severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis

ObjectiveSutureless aortic valves are a novel option for aortic valve replacement. We sought to demonstrate noninferiority of sutureless versus standard bioprostheses in severe symptomatic aortic stenosis.MethodsThe Perceval Sutureless Implant Versus Standard-Aortic Valve Replacement is a prospective, randomized, adaptive, open-label trial. Patients were randomized (March 2016 to September 2018) to aortic valve replacement with a sutureless or stented valve using conventional or minimally invasive approach. Primary outcome was freedom from major adverse cerebral and cardiovascular events (composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or valve reintervention) at 1 year.ResultsAt 47 centers (12 countries), 910 patients were randomized to sutureless (n = 453) or conventional stented (n = 457) valves; mean ages were 75.4 ± 5.6 and 75.0 ± 6.1 years, and 50.1% and 44.9% were female, respectively. Mean ± standard deviation Society of Thoracic Surgeons scores were 2.4 ± 1.7 and 2.1 ± 1.3, and a ministernotomy approach was used in 50.4% and 47.3%, respectively. Concomitant procedures were performed with similar rates in both groups. Noninferiority was demonstrated for major adverse cerebral and cardiovascular events at 1 year, whereas aortic valve hemodynamics improved equally in both groups. Use of sutureless valves significantly reduced surgical times (mean extracorporeal circulation times: 71.0 ± 34.1 minutes vs 87.8 ± 33.9 minutes; mean crossclamp times: 48.5 ± 24.7 vs 65.2 ± 23.6; both P < .0001), but resulted in a higher rate of pacemaker implantation (11.1% vs 3.6% at 1 year). Incidences of perivalvular and central leak were similar.ConclusionsSutureless valves were noninferior to stented valves with respect to major adverse cerebral and cardiovascular events at 1 year in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (alone or with coronary artery bypass grafting). This suggests that sutureless valves should be considered as part of a comprehensive valve program.     

Sutureless patch repair for small blowout rupture of the left ventricle after myocardial infarction

Rupture of the left ventricular free wall is one of the most serious complications of myocardial infarction. A 73-year-old man with severe chest pain visited our hospital. Coronary angiography revealed acute myocardial infarction in the territory of the diagonal branch. About six hours after successful percutaneous coronary intervention, the patient fell into cardiogenic shock with chest pain. Echocardiography showed moderate pericardial effusion with a subepicardial hematoma, and percardioentesis led to the diagnosis of free wall rupture. Emergency surgery was performed with the use of intra-aortic balloon pumping. The rupture was a blowout type in a small tear at the anterolateral wall of the left ventricle. We repaired the tear with an off-pump sutureless patch using collagen fleece with fibrinogen-based impregnation (TachoComb™) and equinous pericardium with fibrin spray. The patient was free of both re-rupture and pseudoaneurysm postoperatively, and was discharged 20 days after the operation. Considering previously reported various procedures for surgical repair, this technique may be useful if the tear is small.     

双针导引无缝线巩膜层间固定二期人工晶体植入术的疗效分析

目的 探讨双针导引无缝线巩膜层间固定二期人工晶体（intraocular lens, IOL）植入术的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析于同济大学附属同济医院就诊的由不同原因所致、需行二期IOL植入术的21例（21只眼）的患者资料。采用双针导引无缝线巩膜层间固定二期IOL植入术,术中用两根29G针头分别在距角膜缘后2mm的相对位置做平行角膜缘、长3.6mm的巩膜层间隧道,三片式IOL折叠后注入,晶体襻与针头对接后即可在后者的导引下进入巩膜层间隧道,无需缝线即可完成IOL固定。观察患者手术前后的视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、术中术后并发症及IOL稳定性。结果 术后平均随访（5.5±1.8）个月。术前最佳矫正视力0.50±0.23,术后1个月裸眼视力0.52±0.20,两者间差异无统计学意义（t=1.51,P>0.05）。术后1个月最佳矫正视力为0.62±0.28,较术前升高（t=4.40,P<0.05）。术前角膜内皮细胞密度为（2301±164）个/mm2,术后3个月为（2267±182）个/mm2,两者间差异无统计学意义（t=0.43,P>0.05）。1例术后出现持续性眼压升高。术后无眼内炎、黄斑囊样水肿、视网膜脱离等严重并发症。术后随访期内OCT示各例术眼的IOL位置居中,未出现偏位或倾斜。结论 双针导引无缝线巩膜层间固定二期IOL植入术术式简易,不仅能避免缝线相关并发症,而且能稳定、有效地固定人工晶体,是一种值得推广的手术方法。     

玻璃体切除联合人工晶状体巩膜无缝线固定术治疗外伤性晶状体不全脱位

目的探讨玻璃体切除联合人工晶状体巩膜无缝线固定术治疗外伤性晶状体不全脱位的疗效。方法对眼挫伤导致的晶状体重度不全脱位24例（24眼）,采用闭合式玻璃体切除,晶状体切除或超声粉碎吸除,同时行人工晶状体巩膜无缝线固定术：距上方角膜缘2mm处做巩膜切口,于3点、9点位角膜缘后2mm处分别做巩膜穿刺口及该处的巩膜板层隧道,从上方巩膜切口送入人工晶状体,从3点、9点位巩膜穿刺口将其两襻夹出,塞入巩膜板层隧道内固定。结果术后1周所有患者的视力均提高,其中矫正视力≥0-3者21例（87．5％）,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。2例眼压高,经药物治疗后降至正常。术后6个月所有病例均无人工晶状体脱位,1例人工晶状体轻度偏斜,3例人工晶状体夹持,3例虹膜局部后粘连。结论对外伤性晶状体重度不全脱位,尽早处理晶状体并行人工晶状体巩膜无缝线固定术,能有效恢复视功能并控制眼压,人工晶状体固定确切,并发症少。     

Permanent Cardiac Pacing with Sutureless Myocardial Electrodes: Experience in First One Hundred Patients

This report concerns our experience with a sutureless myocardial lead which we have used in 103 patients for establishment of permanent cardiac pacing. The electrode was inserted through a subxiphoid approach in all patients. Results to date indicate that this technique compares favorably with the presently popular transvenous technique as far as immediate or long-term morbidity is concerned. Complications were related entirely to pericardiotomy; no lead failure was seen during a maximum follow-up period of four years.     

Long-Term Surgical Outcomes Following Intraluminal Sutureless Graft Insertion for Type A Aortic Dissection

The long-term outcome of sutureless intraluminal graft insertion remains unclarified. Therefore, we reviewed the late surgical outcomes of patients who underwent this procedure for acute type A dissection. Between March 1990 and May 2000, 80 patients aged from 36 to 92 years underwent isolated replacement of the ascending aorta for type A acute aortic dissection. The surgical procedures performed were replacement with an intraluminal sutureless graft in 18 patients (group 1) and suturing of the aorta with a conventional Dacron prosthesis in 62 patients (group 2). The cross-clamp, extracorporeal circulation, circulatory arrest, and operation times were significantly shorter in group 1 than in group 2, and the amount of total blood transfusion was also significantly less in group 1 than in group 2. The hospital mortality rates were 11.1% (2/18) in group 1 and 9.7% (6/62) in group 2 (P > 0.999). The 5-year actuarial survival rates (including operative mortality) were 71% ± 11% in group 1 and 77% ± 9% in group 2 (P = 0.268). The event-free survival rates at 5 years were 80% ± 10% in group 1, and 67% ± 13% in group 2 (P = 0.780). Regarding graft-related complications, long-term follow-up revealed one graft-related death and one reoperation in group 1 (12.5%), and no graft-related complications in group 2 (0%) (P = 0.047). In conclusion, intraluminal sutureless grafts required less blood transfusion, and shorter cross-clamp, extracorporeal circulation, circulatory arrest, and surgery times. However, the procedure did not improve the hospital mortality or long-term outcome. In fact, the rate of graft-related complications was significantly higher in the intraluminal sutureless group than in the sutured group. Therefore, the intraluminal graft insertion technique should be used only under exceptional circumstances. Received: November 2, 2000 / Accepted: May 15, 2001     

The incidence and distribution of iatrogenic retinal tears in 20-gauge and 23-gauge vitrectomy

Purpose

The development of 23-gauge vitrectomy surgery has many benefits including a reduction in surgical time and faster postoperative rehabilitation; however, some have suggested that the complication rate is higher. To assess this we compared the incidence and distribution of iatrogenic retinal tears in 20- and 23-gauge surgery.

Methods

Fifty consecutive 23-gauge and 50 consecutive 20-gauge vitrectomy cases were selected; eyes with a history of previous vitreoretinal surgery were excluded. All surgery was performed by two surgeons (JL and RN). Entry-site breaks (ESB) were defined as any new vitreoretinal abnormality occurring within 1 clock hour of an entry site for which treatment with cryotherapy was deemed necessary. Data were collected by retrospective case note review. Statistical analysis was carried out using Fisher''s exact and χ²-tests.

Results

ESB occurred in 24% (12/50) of cases in the 20-gauge group compared with 8% (4/50) in the 23-gauge group (P=0.03); 88% (14/16) occurred superiorly on the same side as the surgeons'' dominant hand. Iatrogenic breaks recorded elsewhere indicated an increased incidence in the 20-gauge group (9/50 compared with 6/50 in 23-gauge) but this did not achieve significance; the most common position was at 6 o''clock.

Conclusions

23-Gauge vitrectomy is associated with significantly fewer ESB when compared with conventional 20-gauge vitrectomy. The incidence of other iatrogenic breaks did not appear to be significantly different between the two groups.     

无缝线巩膜层间固定人工晶状体植入术用于囊膜支撑力不足患者的疗效观察

目的 评价无缝线巩膜层间固定人工晶状体（intraocular lens,IOL）植入对囊膜支撑力不足患者的治疗安全性和有效性。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 2015年8月至2018年5月于北京同仁眼科中心行无缝线巩膜层间固定IOL植入术患者41例（42眼）。方法 回顾性分析患者性别、年龄、术后并发症,比较手术前后裸眼视力和最佳矫正视力及屈光状态。术后随诊3~36个月,平均（12.1±9.0）个月。主要指标 并发症、裸眼视力、矫正视力、屈光状态。 结果 术后并发症包括前房渗出3例（7.1%）,轻度前房或玻璃体积血4例（9.5%）,一过性高眼压6例（14.3%）和低眼压8例（19.1%）,IOL夹持2例（4.8%）,IOL襻暴露1例（2.4%）。术后末次随访裸眼视力（LogMAR）及最佳矫正视力（LogMAR）分别为0.93±0.75和 0.21±0.23,与术前裸眼视力（1.69±0.38）及最佳矫正视力（0.35±0.22）比较,均有统计学差异（Z=-5.652,P=0.000;t=6.290, P=0.000）。末次就诊时术眼屈光不正平均球镜度数（0.85±0.47）D,散光平均柱镜度数（1.20±0.51）D。结论 无缝线巩膜层间固定IOL植入术后IOL稳定性良好,对无囊膜支撑的患者安全有效。