23G微创玻璃体切割手术治疗视网膜静脉阻塞性玻璃体积血的有效性及安全性分析

目的：分析23G微创玻璃体切割手术治疗视网膜静脉阻塞性玻璃体积血的有效性及安全性。方法：将96例视网膜静脉阻塞性玻璃体积血患者按照随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各48例,其中试验组采用23G微创玻璃体切割术,对照组采用常规玻璃体切割术。两组患者术后采用相同治疗方法及护理方法,比较两组术后视力恢复情况、眼压情况以及术中、术后并发症的发生情况。结果：两组术后视力恢复及眼压情况的比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。两组术中大量出血、医源性裂孔的发生率比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但反复更换显微器械的发生率4.17%明显低于对照组的33.33%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：23G微创玻璃体切割手术治疗视网膜静脉阻塞性玻璃体积血具有与传统手术相同的临床效果,可以恢复患者视力,平稳眼压,但具有较少的术中及术后并发症发生。     

23-Gauge Transconjunctival Sutureless Vitrectomy: Visual Outcomes and Complications

Purpose: To report results and complications of 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy for a variety of vitreoretinal diseases.

Methods: A prospective consecutive case series study was performed in 66 eyes of 66 patients. Indications for surgery were epiretinal membrane (n?=?20), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (n?=?19: 14 pseudophakic, 5 phakic), macular hole (n?=?16), vitreous hemorrhage (n?=?5), cyclodialysis (n?=?1), intraocular lens luxation (n?=?1), asteroid hyalosis (n?=?1), congenital retinoschisis (n?=?1), and endophtalmitis (n?=?2). Main outcome measures included visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and intra- and post-operative complications.

Results: Mean patient age at time of operation was 68?±?12 years. Overall, visual acuity improved from 1.03?±?1.00 logMAR preoperatively to 0.32?±?0.33 logMAR postoperatively (p?<?0.01) after a mean follow-up time of 9.3?±?4.7 months. Mean preoperative intraocular pressure was 13.9?±?3.5 mmHg, and mean postoperative intraocular pressure was 17.9?±?9.6 mmHg on day 1 (p?<?0.01) and 14.7?±?2.8 mmHg (p?=?0.05) at final visit. Concerning complications, 2 cases of hypotony and 7 of hypertony occurred on day 1, a macular hole reopened some weeks later, and a retinal detachment recurred in one case.

Conclusion: 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy is an effective and safe technique for a variety of vitreoretinal diseases.     

标准三通道下23G免缝合切口联合18G套管针硅油取出术的临床应用研究

目的探讨标准三通道下23G免缝合切口联合18G套管针硅油取出术的临床疗效。方法对84例（87只眼）有晶状体眼行单纯硅油取出术,其中标准三通道下23G免缝合切口联合18G套针硅油取出术（简称23G组）43例（45只眼）,传统20G缝合切口硅油取出术（简称20G组）41例（42只眼）,记录两组手术时间,术后随访5-10个月,平均（8.5±2.5）个月,观察两组术后视力恢复、眼压变化和并发症情况,对相关记录进行统计分析比较。结果 23G组平均手术时间（16.65±0.66）min,显著性低于20G组（21.77±0.84）min,有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。术后两组最佳矫正视力相比较,无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。术后1 d 23G组眼压显著性低于20G组（P〈0.05）,术后1周、1个月23G组眼压与20G组比较无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。术后两组并发症发生情况无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论标准三通道下23G免缝合切口联合18G套管针硅油取出术时间短,能降低视网膜脱离等并发症的发生几率,该手术安全有效。     

双钩出核技术在特殊体位下无缝线白内障囊外摘除术中的应用

目的：探讨双钩出核法在特殊体位白内障病例中的应用价值。 方法：采用独创的钩核出核技术对25例30眼白内障患者进行手术,术中患者均采取半卧位。对患者术中后囊破裂、术后角膜水肿及视力情况进行统计。 结果：患者25例30眼中,术中无后囊破裂和悬韧带离断、玻璃体脱出,都顺利植入后房型人工晶状体,患者术后视力均有不同程度的提高。术后一过性角膜水肿1例,术后1 wk内消退,术后2 mo视力≥0.5者占85%。 结论：钩核出核技术独创性强,方法安全可靠,除普通病例外也适用于疑难复杂病例和情况,值得推广和应用。     

应用可降解腔内支架的无缝合吻合术在狗胆肠吻合模型的实验研究

目的 传统的手工缝合行胆肠吻合术操作困难、费时,尤其在小胆管吻合和腹腔镜手术时明显。为简化和改良手术操作,我们设计了一种新的应用可降解腔内支架的无缝合胆肠吻合术。本文拟在狗胆总管十二指肠吻合模型中评估该无缝合方法的可行性和安全性。方法 为无缝合胆总管十二指肠吻合术设计一种腔内吻合支架管,这种专利支架管直径3mm和4mm,材料为可降解聚乳酸。38条毕格犬随机分为支架组（SG n=20）和对照组（CG n=18）。SG组应用无缝合支架法行胆总管十二指肠端侧吻合,CG组行传统可吸收缝线间断一层胆总管十二指肠端侧吻合。动物分术后1、3、6、12月4个亚组,比较两组术中吻合手术时间、术中吻合口耐受压、胆漏发生率、术后吻合口爆破压差异,观察两组术后胆红素和肝酶变化、术后1,3,6,12月取材的吻合口组织病理形态学改变,包括HE染色和Masson染色,比较两组吻合口羟脯氨酸含量,观察两组吻合口疤痕纤维组织增生状况。MRCP了解术后6月,12月两组吻合口状况。结果 手术均顺利完成,支架组吻合时间明显小于对照组(SG19.2±4.3min VS CG29.2±7.1min, P 0.000);两组各有1例胆漏并死亡（SG5.0% VS CG 5.6%,P=0.695)。两组间术中吻合口耐受压、术后胆漏发生率、术后各时期吻合口爆破压、吻合口羟脯氨酸含量、胆红素和肝酶测定均无显著性差异。MRCP检查及病理检查未发现吻合口狭窄和梗阻。结论 在狗胆总管十二指肠吻合模型中,无缝合腔内可降解支架胆吻合方法具有可行性和安全性。     

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in degenerative sutureless perceval aortic bioprosthesis

Sutureless aortic bioprostheses (SAB) are increasingly being used to provide shorter cross‐clamp time. Valve‐in‐valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement (VIV‐A) is shown to be effective and safe in the vast majority of patients with degenerated bioprosthetics, yet its' use in SAB failure is infrequent. We present a case of balloon‐expandable VIV‐A in an 80‐year‐old woman who suffered severe symptomatic aortic regurgitation in a failed Perceval S 21‐mm valve. Computed tomography scan demonstrated a deformed valve. Our heart team favored a percutaneous VIV‐A over reoperation due to the patients' high surgical risk. An Edwards‐Sapien XT 23 mm was successfully deployed with excellent results. The patient remained asymptomatic following 6 months. As other bioprosthesis, some sutureless valves are condemned to structural valve degeneration. Because VIV‐A is being established for managing degenerative bioprosthesis in high risk patients, it is cardinal to identify its role in novel degenerative sutureless valves. SAB were introduced to the clinical market only 5–7 years ago. The absence of sutures may theoretically impose risk for valve instability when adding a transcatheter sutureless valve inside the first one. Our successful experience was very reassuring. We report its feasibility because we believe it should provide support for further investigation on VIV‐A within novel SAV. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

超声乳化白内障摘除术与小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术的疗效观察

目的:比较分析超声乳化白内障摘除术与小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术的手术方法和疗效。方法:将2009-01/12在我院住院治疗的125例158眼老年性白内障随机分为两组,其中A组80眼行超声乳化白内障摘除术;B组78眼行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术,比较两组手术后1,7d;1,3mo的视力、散光及术中术后的并发症情况。结果:两组在各时间点的视力、散光及术中术后并发症情况上差异均无统计学意义。结论:两种手术方式疗效相近,可根据临床具体情况选择合适术式。     

经结膜入路不缝合骨膜的眼眶骨折修复术疗效观察

目的:探索经结膜入路不缝合骨膜修复眼眶骨折的手术方法的临床效果和临床可行性。方法:本研究采用回顾性调查,包括单纯性眶壁骨折51例,复合型骨折21例。采用经下睑结膜切口或经泪阜切口。探查并还纳嵌顿组织,根据骨折特点,采用羟基磷灰石复合材料或钛板、钛网修复眼眶骨折。所有病例均不缝合骨膜,结膜对合后,应用可吸收缝线缝合3针,然后缝合外眦韧带。观察术后各种并发症,包括结膜愈合状况;植入物暴露、感染和移位;外眦畸形;下睑退缩等。结果:所有病例术后平均随访4～18(平均11)mo,结膜切口愈合良好。其中3例出现外眦畸形,1例出现下睑内翻倒睫伴下睑退缩。无1例出现植入物暴露、感染和移位。结论:经结膜入路不缝合骨膜的眼眶骨折修复术术后发生并发症的几率较低,且无严重并发症,可以将该技术应用于单纯性和复合型骨折的临床修复。     

23G微创玻璃体切割术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔的疗效

目的:探讨23G微创玻璃体切割术(23G TSV)治疗复杂黄斑裂孔的临床效果.方法:收集我院2013-01/2015-06期间眼科收治的80例80眼黄斑裂孔患者为研究对象,采用随机平行对照法将其分为对照组和观察组各40例.对照组采用20 G玻璃体手术治疗,观察组采用23 G结膜无缝合玻璃体手术治疗.比较两组手术时间、住院时间、治疗前后视力变化、黄斑裂孔闭合及黄斑厚度、并发症等情况.结果:观察组患者手术时间及住院时间显著短于对照组,且术后并发症发生率显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组患者术后3、6、12mo矫正视力较术前均有显著提高,组内比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但是组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).观察组黄斑裂孔闭合率为98%(39/40),对照组黄斑裂孔闭合率为95%(38/40),差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.346,P=0.553).两组患者术后3、6、12 mo黄斑厚度较术前均有明显下降,组内比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但是组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:23 G TSV治疗特发性黄斑裂孔具有效果显著,并发症率低,有利于促进术后视力恢复和改善预后.     

Corneal topographic changes and surgically induced astigmatism following combined phacoemulsification and 25-gauge vitrectomy

AIM: To evaluate corneal topographic changes and surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) after combined phacoemulsification and 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (25-G TSV). METHODS: A retrospective study on 96 eyes of 87 patients who underwent combined phacoemulsification and 25-G TSV. The different topographic parameters and SIA were analyzed pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS: There was no significant changes in corneal topographic parameters at different follow up periods. Only surface regularity index changed significantly in the 2nd postoperative week and then returned to baseline values thereafter. Mean SIA gradually decreased to reach 0.12 D by the 6th postoperative month. CONCLUSION: Corneal surface and astigmatic changes are insignificant in either early or late postoperative periods following combined phacoemulsification and 25-G TSV. The SIA was the minimum among previous reports on sutureless vitrectomy alone or combined with phacoemulsification. Improvement of SIA did not stop at the 3rd postoperative month but it continued till the 6th month postoperatively.