巩膜羊膜覆盖防治羟基磷灰石义眼台暴露

目的探讨羊膜加前部巩膜覆盖防治羟基磷灰石Ⅱ期义眼台植入暴露的临床效果。方法采用羊膜联合异体巩膜为加固物对7例(7眼)行Ⅱ期羟基磷灰石义眼台植入,随访12~20月。结果7例均获得了较好的疗效,未见其他并发症。结论在行羟基磷灰石义眼台Ⅱ期植入时采用羊膜联合前部异体巩膜覆盖加固有利于结膜创口的愈合,预防创口裂开,减少义眼台暴露。     

脐带在高度近视眼后巩膜加固术中的应用

目的 观察用胎儿脐带行后巩膜加固术的短期疗效,探讨其安全性及应用价值。方法 将用酒精脱水固定处理后的胎儿脐带复水后,对121例(187眼)行后巩膜加固术,观察其术后视力及并发症。结果 术后3d视力提高(P<.01);术后1周以后视力与术前无差异(P>0.05),术后排斥反应小,并发症少。结论 胎儿脐带作为后巩膜加固术的加固材料是比较安全的,而且较易获得,其远期效果还待进一步观察。     

Melatonin receptor expression in the cornea and sclera

The scornea and sclera have been shown to exhibit circadian rhythms in cellular proliferation, wound healing and extracellular matrix synthesis. The distribution of melatonin Mel1a and Mel1c receptors was examined in the cornea and sclera of the Xenopus laevis eye in order to determine whether melatonin may potentially influence the growth and/or development of these ocular tissues. Sections of adult X. laevis eyes were analyzed by immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy, using antibodies prepared against specific peptide sequences of the Xenopus Mel1a and Mel1c receptor proteins. Antibodies were pre- incubated with their appropriate antigenic peptides to control for non-specific labelling. Analysis of the distribution of Mel1a and Mel1c receptor immunoreactivity in the Xenopus eye revealed that both the Mel1a and Mel1c receptors were located in the outer fibrous layer (OFL) of the sclera, with Mel1c labelling being the most prominent. Similarly, Mel1a and Mel1c (Mel1c mostly) were also located in cells of the inner fibrous layer (IFL) with Mel1c being most abundant. The chondrocytes of the cartilaginous layer also appeared to express Mel1a, Mel1c, or both receptors. Both Mel1a and Mel1c receptor immunoreactivity were observed in the corneal epithelium and endothelium. Whereas the Mel1a antibody labelled the entire corneal epithelial layer, the Mel1c antibody labelled only the most superficial layer of epithelial cells. Cell processes of fibroblasts of the corneal stroma were immunoreactive for either Mel1a or Mel1c receptors. The identification of Mel1a and Mel1c receptors in restricted distributions in the cornea and sclera suggests that melatonin may play a role in the cellular physiology of these ocular tissues.     

角巩膜栗刺异物伤诊治分析

目的探讨角巩膜栗刺异物伤的临床特点,治疗方法及其临床效果。方法对71眼角巩膜栗刺异物伤采取剔出或巩膜切开摘出异物。结果巩膜异物1次摘出32眼,2次摘出16眼,3次摘出9眼,11眼经4次摘出,3眼经5次全部摘出。无眼内炎及视力改变。结论栗刺所致巩膜异物多而隐匿,采取恰当方法彻底清除异物是治疗成功的关键。     

带和不带巩膜壳羟基磷灰石义眼台植入临床观察

目的比较不带巩膜壳和带巩膜壳羟基磷灰石义眼台植入术的疗效。方法30例不带巩膜壳羟基磷灰石义眼台植入者、30例带自体巩膜壳义眼台植入者、10例改良带自体巩膜壳义跟台植入者,术后随访1～10 a,对其疗效进行比较,以评价手术效果。结果30例带自体巩膜壳义眼台植入者,术后有5例发生肉芽肿形成,其中4例行义眼台取出术,1例经保守治疗痊愈。30例不带巩膜壳义眼台植入者有1例出现义眼台暴露。10例改良带自体巩膜壳义眼台植入者,无一例出现并发症。结论肉芽肿形成是带自体巩膜壳义眼台植入术后常见并发症,包裹的巩膜壳会影响义眼台血管纤维化,并发生融解和异物反应。改良带自体巩膜壳义眼台植入术可避免这一并发症,又可获得较好的美容效果。     

异体巩膜用于无眼球结膜囊成形术的实验研究

目的　为异体巩膜结膜囊成形用于临床探索科学依据。方法　将经酒精灭活处理的兔保存巩膜进行兔部分结膜囊成形及全结膜囊成形术 ,对巩膜移植后的组织学变化进行光镜 ,电镜系统观察。结果　无论是光镜还是电镜均显示植入后 1～ 2周出现细胞反应阶段 ,2周～ 2个月为细胞浸润和纤维替代阶段 ,植入后 2～ 3个月出现瘢痕组织形成阶段。即异体巩膜在结膜囊成形术中开始作为支架 ,此后随着自身的溶解 ,同时也诱导自体新生结缔组织移入 ,最终被结缔组织完全替代 ,形成新的结膜囊。结论　异体巩膜用于结膜囊成形术方便、安全、可行     

Conjunctival and episcleral Splendore–Hoeppli phenomenon

The Splendore–Hoeppli phenomenon originally described in 1908 is a rare pathological state with an as yet unknown cause. Reported is the Splendore–Hoeppli phenomenon present in both eyes of a 36‐year‐old woman. The pathology then proceeded to resolve itself completely within 10 weeks. Of note was the fact that the patient actually developed these granulomata despite being on high doses of oral steroids with the lesions disappearing despite her steroids being withdrawn during the resolution phase. An indication is that the phenomenon is unlikely to be because of an autoimmune response.     

近视眼球壁的异常改变及其分子机制研究进展

近年来患有近视的人不断增多。 由于近视严重的并发症及发生逐渐低龄化, 其已成为我国重点 关注的问题。 多项研究显示, 随着近视的进展, 眼球壁会产生一些异常改变。 文章就近视眼球壁的异常改 变及其细胞分子机制进行综述, 为进一步研究近视发病机制和近视防控提供依据。     

激光老视逆转术的动物实验研究

目的观察兔眼激光老视逆转术后巩膜的病理变化,为该手术的临床推广提供组织学依据。方法取健康新西兰大白兔12只,用PR-270激光老视治疗仪在兔眼上行激光老视逆转术,并在每只兔的对侧眼行相同术式的刀片切口做对照,分别在术后3d、1周、2周、2个月随机处死3只大白兔。应用苏木精-伊红染色和Masson染色对照观察激光和刀片切口术后巩膜的病理变化。结果激光组巩膜炎性细胞及纤维组织增生明显低于刀片对照组,激光切口槽由较疏松的结膜下组织填充。结论激光老视逆转术的激光切口具有愈合延迟、纤维肉芽组织增生少,巩膜纤维排列较为有序的现象,这正是该手术回退率低的原因。     

针刺对形觉剥夺性近视豚鼠巩膜形态及组织中HIF-1α、SOD、MDA水平的影响

目的 探究针刺对形觉剥夺性近视(FDM)豚鼠巩膜组织形态特点及巩膜组织中缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平的影响。方法 选取普通级3周龄健康三色豚鼠72只,随机分为空白组、模型组和针刺组(各24只)。用半透明气球作为眼罩分别固定于模型组和针刺组豚鼠右眼及头面部建立FDM模型,左眼充分暴露作自身对照;针刺组在豚鼠模型建立当天起,于每日相同时间对豚鼠进行针刺和电针干预治疗,空白组豚鼠不做任何干预。记录每组豚鼠造模前、造模后2周及4周的眼轴长度和屈光度。造模后4周处死豚鼠,光学显微镜下观察巩膜形态变化,Western blot检测各组豚鼠巩膜中HIF-1α蛋白表达,比色法测定各组豚鼠巩膜中SOD活力和MDA含量。结果 造模后2周和4周,与空白组比较,模型组及针刺组豚鼠遮盖眼近视屈光度及眼轴长度均明显增加(均为P<0.05);与模型组比较,针刺组豚鼠遮盖眼近视屈光度减小,眼轴增长明显减缓(均为P<0.05)。造模后4周,与空白组比较,模型组豚鼠巩膜厚度明显变薄,胶原纤维分布稀疏,有明显纤维空隙且排列不规则;与模型组相比,针刺组豚鼠巩膜层...