早期原发性开角型青光眼的视网膜光阈值改变

目的:观察早期原发性开角型青光眼视网膜光敏度分布情况及改变特点。方法:采用日本TopconSBP2020自动视野SDT340程序检测早期原发性开角型青光眼与正常眼的中心3°视网膜光敏感度。结果:早期原发性开角型青光眼各方向的视网膜光敏度与正常眼比较有非常显著差异(P<0.01);早期原发性开角型青光眼上方视网膜光敏度与其他各方比较有显著差异(P<0.05);早期青光眼的MD,ST与正常眼比较差异非常显著(P<0.01)。结论:视网膜光敏度的定量检测能做为早期原发性开角型青光眼的较早期视功能检测。     

正常儿童心脏轻度杂音与瓣膜返流的临床观察

目的:探讨正常儿童心脏轻度杂音与瓣膜返流的相关性。方法:选取2003年9月~2005年12月该辖区8所小学6~12岁24322例学生进行健康体检跟踪观察。杂音组:67例心脏听诊轻度杂音。对照组:50例心脏听诊无杂音,均行心电图、心脏超声、心肌酶检查。结果:正常儿童心脏轻度杂音发生率0·28%(67/24322)。轻度杂音与三尖瓣轻度返流高度相关。随年龄增加逐步改善。结论:正常儿童心脏轻度杂音与三尖瓣膜返流高度相关,随年龄增加逐步改善。属良性改变。     

Effects of the long wavelength-filtered continuous spectrum on natural refractive development in juvenile guinea pigs

AIM: To investigate the effects of spectral composition and light intensity on natural refractive development in guinea pigs. METHODS: A total of 124 pigmented guinea pigs (2-week-old) were randomly assigned to three groups at high (Hi; 4000 lx), medium (Me; 400 lx) and low (Lo; 50 lx) light intensities under a 12:12 light/dark cycle for 6wk. Each group was subdivided into subgroups with the following spectra: broad spectrum Solux halogen light (BS), 600 nm above-filtered continuous spectrum (600F), 530 nm above-filtered continuous spectrum (530F), and 480 nm above-filtered continuous spectrum (480F; HiBS: n=10, Hi600F: n=10, Hi530F: n=10, Hi480F: n=10, MeBS: n=10, Me600F: n=10, Me530F: n=10, Me480F: n=10, LoBS: n=11, Lo600F: n=12, Lo530F: n=10, Lo480F: n=11). Refractive error, corneal curvature radius, and axial dimensions were determined by cycloplegic retinoscopy, photokeratometry, and A-scan ultrasonography before and after 2, 4, and 6wk of treatment. Average changes from both eyes in the ocular parameters and refractive error were compared among different subgroups. RESULTS: After 6wk of exposure, high-intensity lighting enhanced hyperopic shift; medium- and low-intensity lighting enhanced myopic shift (P<0.05). Under the same spectrum, axial increase was larger in the low light intensity group than in the medium and high light intensity groups (HiBS: 0.65±0.02 mm, MeBS: 0.67±0.01 mm, LoBS: 0.82±0.02 mm; Hi600F: 0.64±0.02 mm, Me600F: 0.67±0.01 mm, Lo600F: 0.81±0.01 mm; Hi530F: 0.64±0.02 mm, Me530F: 0.67±0.01 mm, Lo530F: 0.73±0.02 mm; Hi480F: 0.64±0.01 mm, Me480F: 0.66±0.01 mm, Lo480F: 0.72±0.02 mm; P<0.05). Under 400 lx, there was a faster axial increase in the MeBS group than in the Me480F group (P<0.05). Under 50 lx, axial length changes were significantly larger in LoBS and Lo600F than in Lo530F and Lo480F (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Under high-intensity lighting, high light intensity rather than spectrum distributions that inhibits axial increase. Under medium- and low-intensity lighting, filtering out the long wavelength inhibits axial growth in juvenile guinea pigs.     

强脉冲光联合睑板腺按摩治疗睑板腺功能障碍的短期疗效

目的：评估强脉冲光（IPL）联合睑板腺按摩（MGX）（IPL/MGX）治疗睑板腺功能障碍（MGD）的短期 疗效。方法：前瞻性临床研究。选择2016年11月至2017年12月于汉口爱尔眼科医院门诊连续就诊 的MGD患者55例,最终完成随访的有48例（96眼）,双眼均行IPL/MGX治疗,每3周治疗1次,共3次。 在治疗前、治疗结束后1周进行眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷调查、泪膜破裂时间、角膜染色、睑板腺 功能及成像、结膜眼红评分、共聚焦显微镜下睑板腺及蠕形螨检查等。使用配对t检验、Wilcoxon 秩和检验及Spearman秩相关分析对数据进行处理。结果：IPL/MGX治疗结束后1周与治疗前比较, OSDI评分降低（t=2.300,P=0.024）,睑板腺分泌能力与睑酯质量均得到改善（Z=-3.617,P<0.001;t= 2.472,P=0.017）,角膜染色评分、球结膜眼红评分降低（Z=-2.757,P=0.006;t=2.040,P=0.044）,睑 板腺腺周炎症细胞密度下降（t=4.765,P<0.001）,睫毛根部蠕形螨总数减少（t=2.121,P=0.037）。睑 板腺萎缩面积<50%的MGD患者,治疗后症状评分、眼表炎症状态及睑板腺功能显著改善,睑板腺 萎缩面积≥70%的MGD患者,治疗前后各项指标均未见明显改善。结论：IPL/MGX可明显改善睑板 腺萎缩程度尚轻的MGD患者主观症状及睑板腺功能,减轻患者眼表炎症,减少眼蠕形螨数量,降低 眼表损害。     

A New Approach to Study the Physical Stability of Monoclonal Antibody Formulations—Dilution From a Denaturant

The early-stage assessment of the physical stability of new monoclonal antibodies in different formulations is often based on high-throughput techniques that suffer from various drawbacks. Accordingly, new approaches that facilitate the protein formulation development can be of high value to the industry. In this study, a dynamic light scattering plate reader is used to measure the aggregation (by means of the increase in the hydrodynamic radius [R_h]) of monoclonal antibody samples that were subject to incubation and subsequent dilution from different concentrations of a denaturing agent, that is, guanidine hydrochloride. The increase in the R_h of the protein samples is dependent not only on the denaturant concentration used but also on the buffer in which the incubation/dilution was performed. We also compare the aggregation after dilution from a denaturant with other high-throughput stability-indicating methods and find good agreement between the techniques. The proposed approach to probe the physical stability of monoclonal antibodies in different formulation conditions offers a unique combination of features—it is isothermal, probes both the resistance to denaturant-induced unfolding and the colloidal protein stability, it is entirely label-free, does not rely on complex data evaluation, and requires very short instrument measurement time on standard equipment.     

盲人实时景物辨知仪的设计及研究

将景物视为具有灰阶的黑白画面,然后将其亮度高于或低于一定灰度值的部分用电路定义为0,而将其余部分用电路定义为1,由此将彩色景物转换为仅由黑白两种颜色表示的＂木刻画＂,再将此＂木刻画＂中的两种颜色中的一种用振动的像素表示出来供盲人触摸。盲人靠触摸这种＂木刻画＂可一定程度地实时辨知景物。此辨知仪稍加改造还能辨别彩色景物。     

Disorders characterized by predominant or exclusive dermal inflammation

Some cutaneous inflammatory disorders are typified by a predominant or exclusive localization in the dermis. They can be further subdivided by the principal cell types into lymphocytic, neutrophilic, and eosinophilic infiltrates, and mixtures of them are also seen in a proportion of cases. This review considers such conditions. Included among the lymphoid lesions are viral exanthems, pigmented purpuras, gyrate erythemas, polymorphous light eruption, lupus tumidus, and cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia. Neutrophilic infiltrates are represented by infections, Sweet syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum, and hidradenitis suppurativa, as well as a group of so-called “autoinflammatory” dermatitides comprising polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Eosinophil-dominated lesions include arthropod bite reactions, cutaneous parasitic infestations, the urticarial phase of bullous pemphigoid, Wells syndrome (eosinophilic cellulitis), hypereosinophilic syndrome, and Churg-Strauss disease. In other conditions, eosinophils are admixed with neutrophils in the corium, with or without small-vessel vasculitis. Exemplary disorders with those patterns include drug eruptions, chronic idiopathic urticaria, urticarial vasculitis, granuloma faciale, and Schnitzler syndrome (chronic urticarial with a monoclonal gammopathy).     

Resolution of retracted scar after 585-nm pulse dye laser surgery

BACKGROUND: Laser scar revision has been an effective method for improving several aspects of scarring through ablative and non-ablative sources. The 585-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) is an important non-ablative instrument for reducing scar bulk and symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of a 585-nm PDL for the treatment of a retracted and atrophic facial scar. METHODS: We report the case of a 26-year-old patient who presented with a retracted facial scar following surgical excision of an aggressive benign tumor. Treatment was carried out using the 585-nm PDL. RESULTS: Treatment of the scar using two low-level PDL therapies significantly altered the appearance of the scar and augmentation of the retracted defect was avoided. CONCLUSION: Treatment of this retracted and atrophic facial scar with the 585-nm PDL was very effective and safe.     

Fractional ablative laser skin resurfacing: A review

Abstract

Ablative laser technology has been in use for many years now. The large side effect profile however has limited its use. Fractional ablative technology is a newer development which combines a lesser side effect profile along with similar efficacy. In this paper we review fractional ablative laser skin resurfacing.