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51.
Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in the rat: A study of inflammatory and immunological mechanisms 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) can be produced by systemic injection of endotoxin (ET). It is not clear yet why exclusive ocular involvement occurs in this model. To clarify this question and to establish the sequence of inflammatory events, EIU was induced in Lewis rats by footpad injection of Salmonella ET. Ocular inflammatory response (anterior chamber cells and proteins), aqueous inflammation mediators (thromboxane B2, prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4 and substance P) and MHC class 2 (Ia) antigen expression in the ciliary body were monitored for 72 hours. Thromboxane B2 was detected early in the aqueous humor, peaking already 1 hour after ET injection. Prostaglandin E2 & leukotriene B4 peaks and a second peak of thromboxane B2 were recorded 18 hours after ET-injection, at the time of maximal ocular inflammation. MHC-class 2 expression was first detected in the ciliary body stroma at the vascular level 6 hours after ET injection and was massively expressed in the ciliary body epithelium at 18 and 72 hours. It is hypothetized that ciliary body endothelium is particularly sensitive to the effect of ET and is the site of thrombocyte adherence. Vascular damage leads in succession to cellular infiltration, release of inflammation mediators and disruption of blood-ocular barrier. MHC-class 2 expression is a secondary phenomenon and is probably at the origin of additional tissue damage from immune effector mechanisms. 相似文献
52.
53.
Hepatobiliary scintigraphy in a patient with bilhemia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Didier François Stéphan Walrand Jean-Paul Van Nieuwenhuyse Jean de Ville de Goyet Stanislas Pauwels 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1994,21(9):1020-1023
A 4-year-old child referred for acute jaundice following percutaneous needle biopsy of the liver underwent hepatobiliary scintigraphy. Although all conventional liver tests suggested preservation of hepatocyte function, the tracer uptake in the liver appeared dramatically reduced at scintigraphy and the blood pool activity did not decrease significantly until the end of the study. Visualization of the bile ducts indicated, however, that the tracer was taken up by the hepatocyte and further excreted into the biliary tree. There was no tracer pooling in the biliary tree although no bowel activity was observed, even on delayed images. The association of persistent blood pool activity, bile duct visualization without tracer pooling, and nonvisualization of the bowel was caused by a continuous recirculation of the tracer from the biliary tree into the bloodstream. The presence of a biliovenous fistula was further proven by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography performed 24 h later. Since 1975, only 16 cases of bilhemia have been reported. To the best of our knowledge the scintigraphic pattern of this rare but lifethreatening complication has not previously been reported. 相似文献
54.
腰穿放液治疗160例外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血的体会 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨腰穿放液对外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血的作用。方法:对160名外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血的病人行腰穿放液,少则2次,多则7次。结果:所有病人症状均好转,从脑脊液的力学上看脑脊液恢复正常性状的时间缩短,结论:腰穿放液治疗外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血是十分有效的方法,近期内临床症状明显改善,远期并发症减少。 相似文献
55.
56.
眼外伤临床统计规范探讨 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14
朱豫 《眼外伤职业眼病杂志》1995,17(4):258-259
眼外伤是我国眼科住院三大主要疾病之一,占眼科住院病人总数的16 ̄32%。每年发表临床统计文章百余篇,但由于统计资料不全面,标准不统一,降低了这部分劳动的价值。本文就眼外伤临床统计规范及某些问题进行讨论,强调规范化的重要意义。 相似文献
57.
The purpose of the present study was to determine the reliability of several selected signs of trauma from occlusion and their relations with severity of periodontitis. 32 moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis patients participated in the study. All teeth present were evaluated for various abnormal occlusal contacts, signs of trauma from occlusion, and the severity of periodontitis. Standardized periapical radiographs were also taken for each tooth. The results demonstrated that: (1) no significant difference occurred in probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (AL), or percentage of alveolar bone height (BH) between teeth with and without various abnormal occlusal contacts, i.e., premature contacts in centric relation occlusion, non-working contacts in lateral excursions, premature contacts of anterior teeth or posterior protrusive tooth contacts; (2) teeth with either significant mobility, functional mobility, or radiographically widened periodontal ligament space (PDLS) had deeper PD, more AL and lower BH than teeth without these signs, while teeth with pronounced wear or radiographically thickened lamina dura had less AL than teeth without these findings; (3) 2 combined indices, i.e., the trauma from occlusion index (TOI) and the adaptability index (AI), were proposed for the identification of occlusal trauma and the response of periodontium to excessive biting forces in heavy function, respectively; TOI-positive teeth exhibit deeper PD, more AL and less osseous support than TOI-negative teeth; however, AI-positive teeth had less AL and more osseous support than AI-negative teeth; (4) with identical attachment level, TOI-positive teeth had less osseous support than TOI-negative teeth while the magnitude of difference became greater with an increase of attachment loss. 相似文献
58.
Dr. Lutz Lindemann-Sperfeld Klaus-Dieter Rudolf Michael Steen Ivan Marintschev Wieland Otto 《Trauma und Berufskrankheit》2003,5(2):198-207
Complex injuries of the foot are often overlooked, especially in the multiple injured patient, and they then lead to major loss of function. When the mechanism of injury suggests involvement of the foot, a clinical examination of the lower extremities should be included in the primary diagnostic procedures implemented in the multiply injured patient, followed by radiological examination once the patient's condition is stable. The condition of the soft tissues is of decisive importance in the prognosis of complex foot injuries, regardless of whether the damage to the foot is one component of a polytrauma or an isolated injury, which can also be life threatening. The diagnostic examinations selected should be adapted to the severity of the injuries in the particular multiply injured patient. Successful therapy involves stable internal fixation of injuries to bones and joints, though the external fixation options should be considered in the first instance, and carefully selected methods of temporary and definitive soft tissue reconstruction. The aim of treatment is the best possible reconstruction of the foot as a functional weight-bearing unit with intact soft tissue cover and a natural form. Good results can be achieved when there is close interdisciplinary cooperation between trauma (orthopedic) and plastic surgeons. Patient with severe injuries of this kind should be transferred to a trauma center as the first step toward this end. 相似文献
59.
Abstract – Dental injuries are common following facial trauma. This article presents a rare injury: the dislocation of a third molar into the maxillary sinus after complex mandibular and maxillary tuberosity fractures. The possible mechanism and clinical treatment are discussed. 相似文献
60.
Ian F. Gutteridge 《Clinical & experimental optometry》1987,70(5):138-144
Data on the prevalence of all ocular conditions seen in 1500 consecutive optometric patients were obtained during an investigation into the effectiveness of routine visual field screening. In many instances, these are the first prevalence figures for optometric patient populations. Some of the estimates of prevalence are compared with other optometric and general population surveys. Many disorders were observed, the most frequent being slight to moderate increases in retinal arterial reflex and attenuation, optic cup/disc ratio of 0.4, shallow anterior chambers and family history of glaucoma. The occurrence of some conditions was sporadic, resulting from the relatively small sample. However, this survey may serve as an audit of ocular disease detection for other practitioners. 相似文献