胎膜早破孕产妇的临床观察及护理

目的探讨对胎膜早破孕产妇进行有效护理的重要性。方法回顾性分析42例胎膜早破孕产妇的临床观察及护理情况。结果 42例胎膜早破患者,28例阴道分娩,14例剖宫产,无1例发生宫腔感染和新生儿死亡。结论通过对胎膜早破患者进行严密的观察和护理,同时做好产前检查,积极预防,依据情况终止妊娠,可提高新生儿存活率,减少并发症的发生。     

Studies on the Metabolism of Mucopolysaccharides and Polysaccharides Associated with Collagen after Whole-body X-irradiation

Summary

Rats were injected with sulphate-³⁵S and/or glucose-U-¹⁴C, were exposed to x-rays two or three days later, and were sacrificed two or three days after exposure. Sulphate and hexosamine were isolated from mucopolysaccharides of bone and skin, and hexosamine was also isolated from soluble and insoluble collagen of skin and from total collagen of bone. On the basis of the changes in the specific activity of these compounds after irradiation, it was concluded that the replacement of mucopolysaccharides is partially inhibited after x-irradiation. The changes in the specific activity of hexosamine associated with collagen were not marked, but exhibited a trend similar to that observed previously in amino-acid residues of collagen from irradiated rats.     

Thomas George Lee - Implantation and early development of North American rodents

A century ago Thomas G. Lee amassed an unparalleled collection of developmental series of North American rodents such as the thirteen-lined ground squirrel, the Plains pocket gopher and Merriam’s kangaroo rat. He was the first to describe the initial attachment of the squirrel blastocyst to the antimesometrial side of the uterus. The full potential of Lee’s material was not realized until after his death, when it came into the possession of Mossman. The latter relied heavily on Lee’s collection when writing his seminal monograph on the comparative morphogenesis of fetal membranes and much of Lee’s material was subsequently described in detail by Mossman and others. It now forms part of the Harland W. Mossman Collection at the University of Wisconsin.     

Multifaceted nature of membrane microdomains in colorectal cancer

Membrane microdomains or lipid rafts are known to be highly dynamic and to act as selective signal transduction mediators that facilitate interactions between the cell's external and internal environments.Lipid rafts play an important mediating role in the biology of cancer:they have been found in almost all existing experimental cancer models,including colorectal cancer (CRC),and play key regulatory roles in cell migration,metastasis,cell survival and tumor progression.This paper explores the current state...     

Actuation of Electro‐Active Artificial Muscle at Ultralow Frequency

The electromechanical properties of an electro‐active artificial muscle of poly(styrene‐alt‐maleimide)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) with glycerol as a solvent at ultralow frequencies were investigated. Actuated at higher potentials and in the open air, the artificial muscle showed no back‐relaxation, and the deformation increased steadily as long as the voltage was applied quasi‐statically. Under a simple stimulus with such low frequency as 0.005 Hz, the artificial muscle displayed excellent harmonic responses, and its actuation performance was observed to be improved continuously by a self‐activating process along with the time increased. This is attributed to a combination effect resulting from the unique nanochannels of the ionic network polymer and the large inertia mass of the viscous glycerol.

     

Impact of Heating on the Structure of Perfluorinated Polymer Electrolyte Membranes: A Positron Annihilation Study

The ortho‐positronium (o‐Ps) lifetime was measured as a function of temperature for the perfluorinated PEMs Nafion NR212 and Aquivion E8705. The o‐Ps lifetime in Aquivion E8705 was found to be shorter than Nafion NR212 in the entire temperature range studied. Abrupt changes in the temperature coefficient of the o‐Ps lifetime were noticed and the α‐relaxation, β‐relaxation, and stress relief temperatures were identified. It turned out that Aquivion E8705 has higher α‐relaxation and stress relief temperatures than Nafion NR212. Dissociation of the ionic clusters and large change in the nanostructure after heating to 160 °C were observed for Nafion NR212 but not for Aquivion E8705. It is demonstrated that Aquivion E8705 has a higher thermal stability than Nafion NR212.

     

α,ω‐Functionalized Poly(2‐Oxazoline)s Bearing Hydroxyl and Amino Functions

Novel α,ω‐functionalized amphiphilic lipopolymers are prepared that are composed of a proximal lipid moiety and a hydrophilic poly(2‐oxazoline)‐based (POx) polymer chain. The synthesis begins from bifunctional lipoinitiators, which are asymmetrically protected as tert.butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS) ethers, followed by cationic living ring‐opening polymerization of 2‐oxazolines in a one‐pot multistep reaction. This results in polymers with defined terminal end groups and narrow molar mass distributions. All protective groups involved can be readily cleaved in a single step reaction keeping the structure of the polymer intact, giving access to (lipo)polymers with a variety of defined identical or chemical orthogonal α,ω‐functionalities. The synthetic strategy is a versatile tool for the preparation of defined polymer–drug or polymer–protein conjugates or asymmetric functionalized model lipid membranes for the quantitative study of membrane‐associated phenomena such as transmembrane transport and cell adhesion/recognition.

     

Early integrin binding to Arg-Gly-Asp peptide activates actin polymerization and contractile movement that stimulates outward translocation

Integrin-mediated adhesions are critical for stem cell differentiation, cancer metastasis, and the immune response [Hynes RO (2009) Science 326:1216-1219]. However, the mechanisms of early adhesion formation remain unclear, especially the effects of lateral clustering of integrins and the role of the Src family kinases. Using mobile Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide ligands on lipid bilayers with nano-fabricated physical barriers [Salaita K, et al. (2010) Science 327:1380-1385], we observe surprising long-range lateral movements of ligated integrins during the process of cell spreading. Initially, RGD-activated integrin clusters stimulate actin polymerization that radiates from the clusters. Myosin II contraction of actin from adjacent clusters produces contractile pairs that move toward each other against barriers. Force generated by myosin II stimulates a Src kinase-dependent lamellipodial extension and outward movement of clusters. Subsequent retraction by myosin II causes inward movement of clusters. The final cell spread area increases with the density of periodic barriers. Early integrin clustering recruits adhesion proteins, talin, paxillin, and FAK, irrespective of force generation. However, recruitment of vinculin is only observed upon contraction. Thus, we suggest that integrin activation and early clustering are independent of lateral forces. Clustering activates Src-dependent actin polymerization from clusters. Myosin contraction of clusters to lines stimulates active spreading with outward forces from actin polymerization followed by a second wave of contraction. Many of these early mechanical steps are not evident in cells spreading on immobilized matrices perhaps because of the low forces involved. These observations can provide new targets to control integrin-dependent adhesion and motility.     

生殖道感染与未足月胎膜早破孕妇的妊娠结局的相关性回顾调查

目的:探讨生殖道感染与PPROM孕妇的妊娠结局的相关性,以期能为PPROM的防治提供参考。方法:回顾性分析我院2010年6月至2012年12月期间住院分娩的128例PPROM产妇(PPROM组)及128例同期住院分娩的足月胎膜早破产妇(对照组)病历资料,分析两组生殖道解脲支原体(UU)、细菌性阴道病(BV)、衣原体(CT)、假丝酵母菌(CM)感染情况及妊娠结局。结果:PPROM组UU、CT、BV、CM、混合感染感染率分别为27.34%、12.50%、7.81%、10.94%、8.59%,总感染率为67.19%,对照组UU、CT、BV、CM、混合感染感染率分别为9.38%、4.69%、4.69%、7.81%、5.47%,总感染率为32.03%,UU、CT感染率及总感染率PPROM组明显高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),BV、CM感染率两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PPROM组产妇胎儿宫内窘迫、绒毛膜羊膜炎、新生儿窒息、新生儿肺炎、新生儿病理性黄疸发生率分别为17.19%、73.44%、14.06%、15.63%、20.31%,对照组分别为14.84%、32.03%、11.72%、3.13%、15.63%,绒毛膜羊膜炎、新生儿肺炎发生率两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息及新生儿病理性黄疸发生率两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PPORM组产妇生殖道总感染率与绒毛膜羊膜炎、新生儿肺炎发生率直线相关分析显示之间具有正相关(P<0.05)。结论:UU及CT感染为主的生殖道感染可能是导致PPROM发生的主要原因,孕期合并有生殖道感染会引起孕妇及新生儿不良妊娠结局,因此在妊娠早中期进行生殖道感染筛查并且针对性的进行治疗有利于降低PPORM发生率。     

生殖道感染对胎膜早破早产和母婴结局的影响分析

目的探讨生殖道感染对胎膜早破和母婴结局的影响。方法选择深圳市福田区中医院2009年4月-2011年4月收治的胎膜早破早产患者60例,就胎膜早破早产受生殖道感染的具体影响进行分析,并对母婴结局进行评价。结果观察组早破时间为(32.5±2.4)周,对照组为(33.7±1.8)周,观察组平均保胎时间为(6.5±5.6)周,对照组平均保胎时间为(2.1±2.6)周。两组各指标比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组为(2249.8±640.0)g新生儿出生体重,对照组为(2612.0±544.6)g,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿窒息、临床感染、胎盘病理或宫腔培养阳性、剖宫产率、母体病率、新生儿感染率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与对照组比较,观察组胎膜早破孕周明显提前,分娩孕周提前,新生儿体重低,生殖道感染和保胎天数明显大于对照组,母婴病率经针对性治疗后无明显差异。