Identification of low-dose responsive metabolites in X-irradiated human B lymphoblastoid cells and fibroblasts

Ionizing radiation (IR) induces cellular stress responses, such as signal transduction, gene expression, protein modification, and metabolite change that affect cellular behavior. We analyzed X-irradiated human Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphoblastoid cells and normal fibroblasts to search for metabolites that would be suitable IR-responsive markers by Liquid Chromotography–Mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Mass spectra, as analyzed with principal component analysis, showed that the proportion of peaks with IR-induced change was relatively small compared with the influence of culture time. Dozens of peaks that had either been upregulated or downregulated by IR were extracted as candidate IR markers. The IR-changed peaks were identified by comparing mock-treated groups to 100 mGy-irradiated groups that had recovered after 10 h, and the results indicated that the metabolites involved in nucleoside synthesis increased and that some acylcarnitine levels decreased in B lymphoblastoids. Some peaks changed by as much as 20 mGy, indicating the presence of an IR-sensitive signal transduction/metabolism control mechanism in these cells. On the other hand, we could not find common IR-changed peaks in fibroblasts of different origin. These data suggest that cell phenotype-specific pathways exist, even in low-dose responses, and could determine cell behavior.     

Long-term efficacy and safety of rabeprazole in patients taking low-dose aspirin with a history of peptic ulcers: a phase 2/3, randomized,parallel-group, multicenter,extension clinical trial

A 24-week, double-blind, clinical trial of rabeprazole for the prevention of recurrent peptic ulcers caused by low-dose aspirin (LDA) has been reported, but trials for longer than 24 weeks have not been reported. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of rabeprazole for preventing peptic ulcer recurrence on LDA therapy. Eligible patients had a history of peptic ulcers on long-term LDA (81 or 100 mg/day) therapy. Patients with no recurrence of peptic ulcers at the end of the 24-week double-blind phase with rabeprazole (10- or 5-mg once daily) or teprenone (50 mg three times daily) entered the extension phase. Rabeprazole doses were maintained for a maximum of 76 weeks, including the double-blind 24-week period and the extension phase period (long-term rabeprazole 10- and 5-mg groups). Teprenone was randomly switched to rabeprazole 10 or 5 mg for a maximum of 52 weeks in the extension phase (newly-initiated rabeprazole 10- and 5-mg groups). The full analysis set consisted of 151 and 150 subjects in the long-term rabeprazole 10- and 5-mg groups, respectively, and the cumulative recurrence rates of peptic ulcers were 2.2 and 3.7%, respectively. Recurrent peptic ulcers were not observed in the newly-initiated rabeprazole 10- and 5-mg groups. No bleeding ulcers were reported. No clinically significant safety findings, including cardiovascular events, emerged. The use of long-term rabeprazole 10- and 5-mg once daily prevents the recurrence of peptic ulcers in subjects on low-dose aspirin therapy, and both were well-tolerated.     

儿童蜗神经孔发育不良的低剂量螺旋 CT 诊断简

目的探讨在低剂量CT扫描条件下儿童蜗神经孔发育不良的CT诊断。方法蜗神经孔发育不良患儿35例,其中男性15例,女性20例：年龄3个月～12岁,中位年龄6岁。在低剂量CT扫描的条件下观察35例（48耳）感音性神经耳聋患儿蜗神经孔横径．探讨蜗神经孔发育不良的CT特征。结果诊断蜗神经孔狭窄23例31耳,轴位孔径最大1．4mm,最小O．5mm。双侧8例．单侧15例：其中左侧9例,右侧6例。蜗神经孔封闭12例17耳,双侧5例,单侧7例;其中左侧3例．右侧4例。30耳内听道狭窄,约占63％。结论儿童蜗神经孔发育不良的CT表现为蜗神经孔狭窄或封闭．低剂量螺旋CT扫描是蜗神经孔发育不良的有效诊断方法。     

吉西他滨低剂量延时输注的研究进展

吉西他滨（gemcitabine,GEM）为抗嘧啶核苷酸代谢类药物。目前,GEM的标准给药方式为1 000~1 250 mg·m^-2,30 min静脉快速输注。但是,药理学研究表明,GEM延时输注可使细胞内有活性的GEM三磷酸盐达到最佳的蓄积速度,提示GEM延时输注在药动学方面要优于30 min快速输注。故本文对GEM低剂量延时输注的相关研究进行综述,以期为临床用药提供相关依据。     

持续小剂量补充铁剂对530例早产儿发育的影响

目的 对早产儿进行持续小剂量铁剂补充,为其健康发育推荐更佳补充铁剂的方式。方法 于2010-2016年前瞻性纵向队列方法收集530例早产高危儿,234例足月健康婴儿,共分为三组采用不同剂量与时间补充铁剂治疗,采用盖赛尔发展量表(GDS)评估智能发育,监测体格发育,观察各组发育情况到12月龄。结果 到12月龄时早产儿组间(A组和B组)比较,GDS量表中粗大运动发育(GMD),个人-社会能区(PS)、解决问题能区(CG)、言语能区(CM)的发育商值(DQ)以及睡眠规律性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而观察组(A组)与正常对照组(C组)在以上方面比较均无明显差异(P>0.05)。体格发育评估到12月龄时两组早产儿组间(A组和B组)出现差异(P<0.05),而且A组与C组差异亦有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 持续小剂量补充铁剂对生长发育高峰期的早产儿在神经运动言语认知发育、睡眠方面影响更大。而对体格发育有一定影响但没有达到追赶生长。