斑贴试验检测职业性接触性皮炎变应原

目的探讨东莞地区职业性接触性皮炎的主要致病因素,了解其常见的接触性变应原。方法采用斑贴试验试剂盒对每例患者进行斑贴试验。结果300例患者中有167例至少对一种物质过敏,总阳性率为55．67％,阳性率较高的几种变应原依次为：硫酸镍104例（34．67％）,甲醛42例（14．00％）,重铬酸钾30例（10．00％）。结论东莞地区职业性接触性皮炎主要变应原为三种化学物质,调查结果有助于临床指导该疾病的预防和治疗。     

我国社区首诊和双向转诊研究的文献分析

目的 了解我国社区首诊和双向转诊的研究现状.方法 通过对2007年及以前收录于中国医院知识仓库中的关于"双向转诊"、"社区首诊"和"双诊制"的文献内容进行分析,明确我国社区首诊和双向转诊的研究现状.结果 文献内容分布:关于双向转诊的297篇,社区首诊的93篇,双诊制的3篇;时间主要集中在近两年.双向转诊文献内容以政策新闻报道和现状分析与对策讨论为主,社区首诊文献更是以报纸报道为主,涉及病种和具体机制研究的文献明显不足,双诊制相关文献非常少.结论 目前我国社区卫生服务的研究还比较基础,社区首诊和双向转诊的研究亟须加强.     

基于社会接触网络的大规模人群天花传播并行仿真

天花生物恐怖是世界各国面临的重大潜在威胁.本文利用并行仿真的技术手段,研究天花在大规模城市人群中的传播规律并对环形接种和大规模疫苗接种这两种主要的天花疫苗接种策略进行有效性分析,结果表明环形接种措施能够有效控制天花疫情的扩散,在天花疫苗储备不足的情况下可以优先考虑采用该措施.     

Book Review

Abstract

Background:

One of the main health concerns of epoxy resins is their role as skin sensitizer. This sensitization is not uncommon, because the prevalence ranges around 1–12% of the general population.

Objectives:

Perform a cross sectional study in a patch test population from Northeastern Italy to investigate the prevalence of epoxy resins sensitization among patients with suspected contact dermatitis. Subsequently, relate findings to patients’ occupation and evaluate time trend of prevalence.

Methods:

The final study database included 19 088 consecutive patients, tested from 1996 to 2010 in Northeastern Italy.

Results:

The overall prevalence of epoxy resins sensitization was 0·89%. Dermatitis most frequently involved hands (40·25%). In both sexes, we find a significant correlation in mechanics, woodworkers, and chemical industry workers; and in males only, among farmers and fishers, construction workers, and unemployed. We found significant increase of sensitization in construction workers in the analyzed period.

Conclusions:

The overall prevalence of sensitization to epoxy resins in Northeastern Italy is in line with other European countries, but we found an increased risk of sensitization in some professions and an increasing trend of prevalence in construction workers. Better preventive actions are strongly advised in higher risk professions, with particular attentions towards building sector.     

Prevalence of Subjectively Experienced Symptoms in a Population Sample of Women with Special Reference to Women with Arterial Hypertension

The patients' reasons for encounter were recorded in 10278 personal doctor—patient contacts in nine Norwegian municipalities over a two-month period, and were classified according to a simplified version of the WHO “Reason for Encounter Classification”. A two-dimensional classification system was used where each reason was classified according to the location and type of problem. Symptoms and complaints made up 64.9% of all encounters. Most of the encounters were related to the musculo-skeletal, circulatory and female genital systems. The most frequent single reason for encounter was pain in the musculo-skeletal system (15.5% of all encounters). Psychological and social reasons were rather infrequent 3.1% and 0.3%. Compared with the frequencies of psychiatric and social diagnoses recorded in general practice, this indicates a discrepancy between the patient's own opinion of problems and the doctor's interpretations. Females had a significantly higher contact rate than males, mainly due to problems related to the genital system, inclusive of the breast.     

翻转课堂教学在角膜塑形术首次戴镜患儿中的应用

目的探讨翻转课堂教学在角膜塑形术首次戴镜患儿中的应用效果。方法将160例角膜塑形术患儿按时间段分为对照组和干预组各80例,对照组给予常规健康教育,干预组采用翻转课堂教学。比较两组患儿戴镜成功率和满意度。结果干预组患儿戴镜一次成功率、总成功率及满意度评分显著高于对照组(均P0.01)。结论翻转课堂教学能提高角膜塑形术患儿戴镜成功率,提升患儿及其家长的满意度。     

以眼部损害为首发症状的艾滋病1例

1病例报告 患者,男,55岁,因＂右眼视物模糊10d＂就诊,体检未见异常。眼部检查：VOD：0.6,VOS：0.4,双眼前节（-）,眼压正常,眼底：右眼视乳头色红,边界清晰,C/D=0.3,视网膜各象限可见线状及点状出血,沿血管分布,视网膜静脉增粗,迂曲,黄斑反光欠清。眼底荧光血管造影示：右眼视乳头呈强荧光,晚期荧光渗漏,视网膜散在荧光遮蔽,     

‘Understanding Disability’: Evaluating a contact-based approach to enhancing attitudes and disability literacy of medical students

Background

Health disparities and disparities in the provision of healthcare to people with disabilities remains a topic of concern. Research demonstrates that attitudes of healthcare providers contribute to this disparity. The approach to disability education and training in medical school warrants evaluation.