蚊子草鞣质类化学成分研究

从蚊子草中分离得到7个化合物,经理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定为tellimagradinⅠ,tel-limagradinⅡ,rugosinA,rugosinD,rugosinE,rugosinF,rugosinG。     

硅橡胶长期堵塞兔输卵管对其分泌活动的影响

本文通过输卵管结扎获得输卵管分泌液并测定其氨基酸及葡萄糖,同时观察上皮细胞内希夫过碘酸染色(PAS)阳性物质反应。正常假孕兔输卵管液及血清中有18种相同的氨基酸,浓度各有不同,两者均是甘氨酸最高,丙氨酸次之,但输卵管液甘氨酸、丙氨酸及丝氨酸浓度明显高于血清(P<0.01),血清中赖氨酸、精氨酸及鸟氨酸则明显高于输卵管液(P<0.01);输卵管液葡萄糖浓度为5.06±0.88 mg/dL,低于血清葡萄糖量(168.82±20.45 mg/dL);上皮细胞PAS阳性物质反应较强。硅橡胶堵塞输卵管假孕兔输卵管液中部分氨基酸浓度上升或下降,丝氨酸增加显著(P<0.05);葡萄糖浓度略有降低;上皮细胞PAS阳性物质反应明显减弱。结果表明兔输卵管经硅橡胶堵塞后分泌活动发生轻度变化。     

硅橡胶堵塞兔输卵管对其上皮细胞超微结构的影响

本文观察成年雌兔输卵管经硅橡胶堵塞6～17月后上皮细胞超微结构的变化,结果显示细胞完整。柱状上皮细胞高度变低、顶端压扁、排列不整齐,分泌颗粒、高尔基复合体、微管等减少,空泡增多,线粒体肿胀,个别切片上观察到溶酶体。去除输卵管内硅橡胶3个月后,上皮细胞内细胞器增多,可见许多大小不一的分泌颗粒,分泌细胞顶端突出管腔并有分泌物排出,仅个别切片上仍有肿胀的线粒体。结果表明上海研制的单组份硅橡胶材料堵塞兔输卵管后,对上皮细胞超微结构仅有轻度的暂时性影响,去除硅橡胶后3个月,上皮细胞的功能形态有明显恢复。     

硅油填充眼的超声生物显微镜图像特征

目的：采用超声生物显微镜（ultrasound biomicroscopy,UBM）观察玻璃体视网膜手术（virteoretinal surgery,VRS）硅油真充眼和周边增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（proliferative vitreoretinopathy,PVR）图像特征。方法：回顾分析38例（38只眼）复杂性或牵引性RD患者,年龄13-55岁。采用VRS硅油填充治疗的UBM检查图像资料,硅油填充术后1-39个月,平均7.6个月。分析UBM检查硅油填充眼图像时,需在同一检查眼和在其他检查眼相对应部位中验证。结果：角膜内皮处显示硅油滴（particles）29只眼,其中尾影图（ghost images）17只眼;弥漫性不规则形态的硅油乳化26只眼,前房角、虹膜、睫状体等组织浸染（painting）硅油20只眼,周边PVR和玻璃体组织图像15只眼。结论：UBM较易认识和观察硅油填充眼的图像特征,是反映硅油填充眼内变化有用的工具。     

Long-term catheters for apheresis and dialysis with surface treatment with infection resistance and low thrombogenicity

Infection, thrombosis, and stenosis are among the most frequent complications associated with blood-contacting catheters. These problems are usually related to surface properties of the base catheter material. Surface treatment processes, such as ion implantation and ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) and microdomain structured surfaces, can be used to mitigate such complications. This study evaluated silver coated and implanted large bore catheters used for extracorporeal detoxification. In a 186 patient prospective study, 225 large bore catheters were inserted into the internal jugular or subclavian veins. Eighty-five surface-treated catheters (Spi-Argent, Spire Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA) and 28 catheters with surface treatment (Spi-Silicone, Spire Corporation) were inserted in 90 patients. One hundred and twelve untreated catheters placed in 96 patients served as controls, After removal, the catheters were cultured for bacterial colonization using standard microbiologic assays. They also were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Bacterial colonization was observed in 8% of the treated catheter compared with 46.4% of untreated catheters. The SEM investigations showed all treated catheters to possess low thrombogenicity. Catheters with microdomain structured surfaces showed same results in preliminary observation. The surface treatments of the large bore catheters can be used to improve thrombus and infection resistance of blood contacting catheters.     

缬草镇静催眠的物质基础

缬草（Valeriana officinalis L．）为败酱科缬草属植物，具有镇静催眠活性，在欧美国家广泛用于治疗轻中度失眠。其镇静催眠的活性成分主要集中在挥发油、缬草素类、黄酮类以及水溶性氨基酸成分等。挥发油的特征性成分有乙酸龙脑酯、缬草烯酸，缬草素类成分主要有缬草三酯、二氢缬草素和乙酰缬草素。缬草素类和挥发油类之间可能存在协同作用。     

医用高分子材料在医疗器械中的应用

本文论述了医用高分子材料的发展概况，主要介绍了聚氯酯、聚氯乙烯、硅橡胶材料的特性及其在医疗器械中的应用。     

裸花紫珠挥发油化学成分的气相色谱-质谱联用分析

目的分析裸花紫珠挥发油化学成分。方法 应用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）仪分析。结果 鉴定出29个化合物，鉴定丰48．3％。结论 挥发油中主要化学成分有石竹烯氧化物、1，5，5，8-四甲基-12-含氧双环[9．1．0]十二垸-3，7一二烯、按叶垸4（14），11-二烯、α-石竹烯、石竹烯、异香树素环氧化物、绿花白千层醇、1β，4βH，10βH-愈创-5，11-二烯、杜松．1（10）。4-二烯、反式-Z-α-没药烯环氧化物、（13S）-8，13：13，20．二环氧，15，16-二去甲赖白当和香橙烯等。     

Central scotoma associated with intraocular silicone oil tamponade develops before oil removal

Background Unexplained sudden visual loss after removal of silicone oil from the eye has recently been described. We report the occurrence and features of unexplained central scotoma developing with silicone oil in situ in the vitreous cavity. Methods A retrospective case series of five patients (from two centres) who reported a central scotoma commencing during silicone oil tamponade was studied. All patients had vitrectomy for macula-on retinal detachment, with ultra-purified silicone oil tamponade (four out of five had giant retinal tear). Investigations included visual acuity, intraocular pressure, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, visual fields and electrophysiology. Results All patients reported a central scotoma that appeared during oil tamponade. Visual acuity fell by a mean of 0.93 LogMAR units after onset of the scotoma. After cataract extraction and oil removal, vision remained reduced by a mean of 0.8 units. The mean duration of oil in the eye was 2.7 months when the scotoma was noted by the patient. Investigations were performed after removal of oil. Fluorescein angiography (FFA) was performed in two cases and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in five patients. No abnormality was demonstrated. Electrophysiology was performed in five patients with pattern electroretinography suggestive of macular dysfunction in four patients. Conclusion This is the first case series describing central scotoma associated with silicone oil in situ. Electrophysiology indicated macular dysfunction in most cases. We suggest that early removal of oil in cases with good visual potential should be considered to avoid this sight-threatening complication. Presented in part at Britain and Eire Association of Vitreo-Retinal Surgeons, November 2003.