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11.
Angel J. Amante Herwig-Ulf Meier-Kriesche Linda Schoenberg B. D. Kahan 《Transplant international》1997,10(3):217-222
The initial poor absorption of the corn oil-based, gel capsule oral formulation of cyclosporin (CyA) greatly limits its use
for inception of immunosuppressive therapy. Insufficient drug concentrations during the early post-transplant period predispose
to renal allograft rejection. The present study served to compare the time required to achieve therapeutic CyA concentrations
after de novo administration of the corn oil-based gel capsule (CyA-GC; n = 11) versus the microemulsion (CyA-ME; n = 11) formulation of CyA. During the 1st month after renal transplantation, patients underwent serial pharmacokinetic profiling
from which we obtained observed and dose-corrected values of several parameters. Although patients in neither the CyA-GC nor
the CyA-ME group adequately absorbed the drug during days 0–2, from day 3 to 4 patients in the CyA-ME group showed significantly
greater absorption than those in the CyA-GC group (P = 0.041). Patients in the CyA-ME group reached the 1st month target average concentration (Cav) values ( ≥ 550 ng/ml) earlier than those in the CyA-GC group and required significantly lower daily CyA doses (P = 0.018). We conclude that therapeutic CyA levels can be achieved more rapidly and with lower doses of the drug after de
novo administration of CyA-ME than with CyA-GC.
Received: 13 September 1996 Accepted: 7 January 1997 相似文献
12.
G. Gherardini R. Zaccheddu S. M. Milner M. El-Shazlyl I. Liapakis 《European journal of plastic surgery》2006,29(1):9-12
Breast augmentation is one of the most frequently performed cosmetic surgery procedures worldwide. We report on a series of 502 consecutive cosmetic breast augmentations by a single surgeon, using both the submuscular and submammary approaches. A vacuum drain was placed in the surgical pocket at the end of the procedure. The drain fluid collection was recorded immediately after the surgery and the following day before removal. A tenfold increase in the amount of fluid collection was noted in the drain’s reservoir. Thirteen patients presented with minor wound healing problems at the second postoperative follow-up, which were treated conservatively; two of them had the implant removed and replaced after 2 months. There were only two capsular contractions at 1-year follow-up. We focus our discussion on the drainage in the early postoperative period and conclude that the routine use of a surgical drainage reduces the risk for complications. Based on our findings, we advocate that short-term routine use of a surgical drain is advisable. 相似文献
13.
橄榄油对单核吞噬细胞系统的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文采用橄榄油皮下注射、观察其对小鼠腹腔单核吞噬细胞的游出、活化及吞噬功能。结果发现、橄榄油对上述功能均有明显的抑制作。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guidotti T. L.; Watson L.; Wheeler M.; Jhangri G. S. 《Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)》1996,46(4):265-274
This is the first round in a series of surveys conducted inFort McMurray as part of the Fort McMurray Demonstration Projectin social marketing. This component of the survey was intendedto focus on the most prominent group of employed workers inthe community and to compare their patterns of response withthe community as a whole. Respondents to the survey were overwhelminglymale (96%), married (72.9%) and living in households of twoto five persons (87.9%). They were predominantly aged 30–44(55%) and graduates of high school (53.5%). Younger male workers(below age 30) were more likely to have a high school diploma(78.3%) or some additional technical or vocational training(21.7% compared to 12.5% overall) and to be unmarried or separated.Attitudes toward safety-related behaviours were stronger thanfor respondents from the community as a whole. Approximately70–100% of all age groups and both sexes showed strongagreement with attitudes involving child car seats and the unacceptabilityof drinking and driving. These attitudes include strong advocacyof vigorous enforcement of occupational health and safety standards.However, they showed a variability similar to the communityas a whole in behaviour at home compared to work, generallyreporting more consistent use of personal protection on thejob than in their own homes, particularly hearing protection.Even so, they were much less likely to perform stretching andwarm-up exercises prior to exertion than community residentsin general. The potential may exist to transfer the technologyand attitudes from workplace health and safety to communitysafety. One possible strategy to accomplish this is to involveworkers in this industry directly in community initiatives.This strategy may be generalizable to any community in whichthere are major employers who place a heavy emphasis on riskcontrol and occupational health and safety. 相似文献
16.
L. Marzio F. Di Felice V. Celiberti O. Pieramico L. Grossi M. DiGioacchino B. P. Imbimbo F. Cuccurullo 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1990,39(4):369-372
Summary To evaluate the influence of the stomach and the cholinergic system on gallbladder contraction induced by physiological stimuli, the reduction in gallbladder volume in 7 healthy volunteers has been studied by real-time ultrasonography after the oral and intraduodenal administration of olive oil, preceded by pretreatment with cimetropium bromide or placebo. After an overnight fast, each subject swallowed 50 ml olive oil or it was administered through a naso-duodenal tube in the proximal duodenum. Cimetropium bromide 5 mg or placebo was given intravenously under double-blind control.After the placebo pretreatment, gallbladder contraction was greater and faster after intraduodenal oil than after oral oil. Cimetropium bromide decreased the extent, velocity and duration of gallbladder contraction induced by intraduodenal olive oil but it only reduced the velocity of the contraction induced by oil given orally.It is concluded that in normal human subjects the stomach modulates the extent and velocity of postprandial gallbladder contraction and that anticholinergic agents antagonize the gastric and duodenal phases of the response of the gallbladder to a meal. 相似文献
17.
18.
1. The effects of graded doses of the α2-adrenoceptor agonists clonidine, tizanidine and BHT-920, and the α2-adrenoceptor antagonists yohimbine and idazoxan, on gastrointestinal transit were investigated in mice using the charcoal meal test. 2. The agonists produced significant and dose-dependent decreases in gastrointestinal transit, and the antagonists produced the opposite effect. In affecting the gastrointestinal transit, clonidine (1 mg/kg) was as effective as tizanidine (12 mg/kg) and BHT-920 (40 mg/kg), while yohimbine (2 mg/kg) was as effective as idazoxan (1 mg/kg). 3. Morphine (2, 4 and 8 mg/kg) significantly inhibited gastrointestinal transit. This effect was significantly reversed by the co-administration of yohimbine (2 mg/kg) and idazoxan (1 mg/kg). 4. The acute administration of glucose (5.04 g/kg, i.p.) potentiated the inhibition of gastrointestinal transit produced by clonidine (1 mg/kg) and BHT-920 (40 mg/kg). Glucose treatment, however, had no significant effect on the increase in gastrointestinal transit induced by yohimbine (2 mg/kg) or idazoxan (1 mg/kg). 5. Castor oil (0.25 mL/mouse, orally) induced diarrhoea in saline-treated animals within about 45 min. Clonidine (1 mg/kg), tizanidine (12 mg/kg) and BHT-920 (40 mg/kg) delayed the occurrence of diarrhoea to 2.1, 1.2 and 1.4 h, respectively. 相似文献
19.
Chest Wall Implants: Their Use for Pectus Excavatum,Pectoralis Muscle Tears,Poland's Syndrome,and Muscular Insufficiency 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Darryl J. Hodgkinson 《Aesthetic plastic surgery》1997,21(1):7-15
Solid customized and prefabricated silicone implants have been used by the author for 15 years in a wide range of chest wall
deformities. Chest wall implants are often used in males seeking to augment a muscularly deficient or underdeveloped chest;
however, their greatest use has come in a variety of deformities both congenital and acquired, such as pectus excavatum, Poland's
Syndrome, and pectoralis muscle tears. The implants can be either customized using a moulage technique or are prefabricated,
manufactured implants which can be modified on the operating table to repair the contour deformity. The immediate postoperative
problem of seroma and subcutaneous implant ``show' has been minimized by careful planning, gentle technique, deep insertion,
improved patient positioning on the operating room table, and the use of oral anti-inflammatory medications. The long-term
results of these implants seem very satisfactory. The patients are usualy physically active, and the implants show no long-term
sequelae such as seroma, infection, displacement, or rupture. 相似文献
20.
烹调油烟对机体健康的危害 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
烹调油烟气含有200多种有害气体。实验研究和流行病学调查表明:油烟气可损伤肺部功能,引起机体免疫功能下降,并具有致突变性和致癌性,是肿瘤发生的可疑因素。 相似文献