非小细胞肺癌立体定向放疗摆位误差分析

目的通过分析非小细胞肺癌立体定向体部放射治疗(SBRT)的摆位误差,计算不同肺叶靶区外放边界,为精准放疗提供依据。方法选取2014年1月至2019年12月行SBRT的患者300例,回顾性分析其CBCT影像资料,根据体位固定方式分为热塑体模組和负压真空垫组,比较两组的摆位误差值,计算每个肺叶的靶区外放边界值。结果两组患者左右、头脚、前后三维方向的摆位误差分别为[(0.26±0.21),(0.21±0.18)]cm、[(0.25±0.23),(0.29±0.22)]cm、(0.26±0.12),(0.20±0.18)]cm。在前后和头脚方向,两组摆位误差值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。右肺上叶、右肺中叶、右肺下叶、左肺上叶、左肺下叶在X、Y、Z方向的外放边界分别为0.4 cm、0.4 cm、0.5 cm,0.6 cm、0.6 cm、0.6 cm,0.6 cm、0.7 cm、0.6 cm,0.4 cm、0.5 cm、0.4 cm,0.8 cm、0.8 cm、0.8 cm。结论放疗患者于每次治疗前行CBCT扫描可以有效降低摆位误差,提高放疗的精确性;计算每个肺叶靶区外放边界值,可以为放疗医生靶区外放提供参考,在消灭肿瘤的同时并明显降低正常组织的损伤。     

卵巢多房囊性病变的MRI 误诊分析 （附14例报道）

目的:分析卵巢多房囊性病变的MRI误诊原因。方法:回顾性分析14例经手术病理证实的卵巢多房囊性病变的MRI及临床资料。结果:14例多房囊性病变中卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿7例,多呈T1WI、T2WI高信号及大房周围多个小囊表现,3例可见液-液分层,1例术前被误诊为粘液性囊腺瘤;输卵管卵巢脓肿2例,呈病灶周围炎性及厚壁明显强化表现,术前均被误诊为卵巢肿瘤性病变;卵巢甲状腺肿1例,表现为多房囊实性病灶、实性部分及包膜明显强化,术前被误诊为囊腺癌;囊腺瘤/癌4例,术前MRI诊断无误。结论:MRI能清楚显示卵巢多房性病变,由于影像科医生对这些疾病尤其部分少见病的认识相对不足,常常导致误诊;在全面分析病变MRI信号特点的同时,加强业务知识更新,密切结合临床,很多误诊是可以避免的。     

Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is associated with low levels of insulin resistance among heart failure patients

Background and aimsHeart failure (HF) patients are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This study examined the association between adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and insulin resistance among U.S. adults with HF.Methods and resultsUsing data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016 cycles, we included 348 individuals aged 20+ years with HF and no history of diabetes. DASH diet adherence index quartile 1 indicated the lowest and quartile 4 indicated the highest adherence. The highest level of insulin resistance was defined by the upper tertile of the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Associations between level of insulin resistance and DASH diet adherence and its linear trends were examined using logistic regressions. Trend analyses showed that participants in upper DASH diet adherence index quartiles were more likely older, female, non-Hispanic White, of normal weight, and had lower levels of fasting insulin than those in lower quartiles. Median values of HOMA-IR from lowest to highest DASH diet adherence index quartiles were 3.1 (interquartile range, 1.8–5.5), 2.9 (1.7–5.6), 2.1 (1.1–3.7), and 2.1 (1.3–3.5). Multivariable logistic analyses indicated that participants with the highest compared to the lowest DASH adherence showed 77.1% lower odds of having the highest level of insulin resistance (0.229, 95% confidence interval: 0.073–0.716; p = 0.017 for linear trend).ConclusionGood adherence to the DASH diet was associated with lower insulin resistance among community-dwelling HF patients. Heart healthy dietary patterns likely protect HF patients from developing type 2 diabetes.     

Effects of dairy products consumption on inflammatory biomarkers among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

AimsThis study aimed to summarize earlier studies on the effects of dairy consumption on inflammatory biomarkers in adults and to quantify these effects through meta-analysis.Data synthesisA comprehensive search of all relevant articles, published up to December 2019 indexed in PubMed, ISI (Institute for Scientific Information), EmBase, Scopus, and Google Scholar was done using relevant keywords. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effect of dairy products consumption, compared with low or no dairy intake, on inflammatory biomarkers in adults were included. Overall, 11 RCTs with 663 participants were included in this meta-analysis. We found that high consumption of dairy products, compared with low or no dairy intake, might significantly reduce CRP [weighed mean difference (WMD): −0.24 mg/L; 95% CI, −0.35, −0.14], TNF-α (WMD:- 0.66 pg/mL; 95% CI, −1.23, −0.09), IL-6 (WMD: −0.74 pg/mL; 95% CI, −1.36, −0.12), and MCP concentrations (WMD: −25.58 pg/mL; 95% CI, −50.31, −0.86). However, when the analyses were confined to cross-over trials, no such beneficial effects of dairy intake on inflammation were observed. In addition, high dairy intake might result in increased adiponectin levels (WMD: 2.42 μg/mL; 95% CI, 0.17, 4.66). No significant effect of dairy consumption on serum leptin (WMD: −0.32 ng/mL; 95% CI, −3.30, 2.65), ICAM-1 (WMD: −3.38 ng/ml; 95% CI, −15.57, 8.96) and VCAM-1 (WMD: 3.1 ng/mL; 95% CI, −21.38, 27.58) levels was observed.ConclusionsIn summary, the current meta-analysis indicated that dairy intake might improve several inflammatory biomarkers in adults. In most subgroups without heterogeneity, effects tended to be null. Study design and participants’ age were the main sources of heterogeneity. More research, with a particular focus on fat content of dairy foods, is recommended.     

颅内不典型脑膜瘤的MRI表现及误诊分析

目的 探讨颅内不典型脑膜瘤的MRI表现,分析其误诊原因。方法 回顾性分析9例经手术病理证实的不典型脑膜瘤的MRI表现、病理及临床资料。结果 9例肿瘤位于大脑凸面4例,大脑镰旁2例,幕下横窦旁、桥小脑角区及桥延交界区各1例。本组误诊为胶质瘤4例、转移瘤2例、神经鞘瘤2例、海绵状血管瘤1例。结论 颅内不典型脑膜瘤MRI表现多样,在观察肿瘤基本信号特征的基础上进一步分析肿瘤与临近组织之间的关系、结合肿瘤的发病部位、注重少见病理亚型脑膜瘤的MRI信号特点有助于提高不典型脑膜瘤的诊断准确率。