颅内不典型脑膜瘤的MRI表现及误诊分析

目的 探讨颅内不典型脑膜瘤的MRI表现,分析其误诊原因。方法 回顾性分析9例经手术病理证实的不典型脑膜瘤的MRI表现、病理及临床资料。结果 9例肿瘤位于大脑凸面4例,大脑镰旁2例,幕下横窦旁、桥小脑角区及桥延交界区各1例。本组误诊为胶质瘤4例、转移瘤2例、神经鞘瘤2例、海绵状血管瘤1例。结论 颅内不典型脑膜瘤MRI表现多样,在观察肿瘤基本信号特征的基础上进一步分析肿瘤与临近组织之间的关系、结合肿瘤的发病部位、注重少见病理亚型脑膜瘤的MRI信号特点有助于提高不典型脑膜瘤的诊断准确率。     

Porous polyethylene implant reconstruction of the orbit after resection of spheno-orbital meningiomas: A novel technique

Background

Spheno-orbital meningiomas (SOM) are complex tumors involving the middle cranial fossa and orbit. Following resection of these tumors, reconstruction of the orbit can be challenging. Inadequate reconstruction may lead to cosmetic deformities and functional complications.

Objective

The development of a technique for orbital reconstruction which is technically straightforward, cost-effective, with an excellent functional and cosmetic outcome.

Technique

Twelve patients with SOM each underwent a modified orbital-zygomatic craniotomy with osteotomies based on individual tumor location. After tumor resection, the lateral orbit and orbital roof, where necessary, were reconstructed using a 1 mm porous polyethylene sheet, customized to reconstruct the bony anatomy of the lateral and superior orbit and secured with 1.5 × 4 mm titanium screws into the orbital roof and rim.

Results

All patients demonstrated stabilization or improvement of vision and satisfactory cosmetic outcomes. One complication (surgical site infection) was noted. Follow-up imaging was obtained at regular intervals. The resection cavity was easily visualized without interference from the implant in each case. One patient developed tumor recurrence requiring re-operation 20 months after the initial procedure.

Conclusions

Use of a 1 mm porous polyethylene sheet for reconstruction of the lateral orbit offers an excellent functional and cosmetic outcome, does not interfere with postoperative imaging, is technically straightforward, and is cost-effective.     

复发脑膜瘤再次手术患者颅内感染的危险因素分析

目的 分析总结复发脑膜瘤再次手术患者颅内感染的相关危险因素. 方法 解放军第三○九医院神经外科自1990年1月至2010年12月共收治复发脑膜瘤再次手术患者187例,回顾性分析其临床资料并对颅内感染的相关危险因素进行单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析. 结果 年龄、肿瘤性质、合并糖尿病、肥胖、器官功能障碍、术前长期卧床,首次手术与复发间隔时间≤6月、术前Kamofsky功能状态(KPS)评分≤70分、本次手术前行放疗、术后重症监护为复发脑膜瘤再次手术患者术后颅内感染的危险因素,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);多因素logistic回归分析显示合并糖尿病、首次手术与复发间隔时间≤6月,术前KPS评分≤70分为复发脑膜瘤再次手术患者术后颅内感染的独立危险因素(P=0.000、0.029、0.007). 结论 伴糖尿病、首次手术与复发间隔时间≤6个月、术前KPS评分≤70分复发脑膜瘤患者再次手术后颅内感染的风险较高.     

Xanthomatous meningioma: a case report with review of the literature

Xanthomatous meningioma is an extremely rare variant of meningioma that is characterized histopathologically by the presence of tumor cells with lipid-filled vacuolated cytoplasm. In this report, we describe the fifth documented case of xanthomatous meningioma and review its clinicopathological features. A 76-year-old Japanese male presented with dizziness. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a well-circumscribed tumor in the left parasagittal to frontal region with attachment of the dura mater. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed proliferation of polygonal to spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and bland round to oval nuclei. Whorl formation and psammomas were scattered, and mitotic figures were rarely seen. A peculiar finding was the presence of extensive xanthomatous change continuing to the above-mentioned typical meningothelial meningioma. These tumor cells had clear vacuolated cytoplasm and bland round to oval nuclei. Immunohistochemically, xanthomatous cells were positive for epithelial membrane antigen. Accordingly, an ultimate diagnosis of xanthomatous meningioma was made. Our clinicopathological analysis revealed that xanthomatous meningioma affects children to young persons or the elderly, and four of five cases were located in the supratentorial region. Although the detailed mechanism underlying the xanthomatous change has not been clarified, this change is thought to result from a metabolic abnormality of the neoplastic meningothelial cells. Further, xanthomatous change has also been reported in atypical and anaplastic meningiomas. Therefore, it is important to recognize that xanthomatous change can occur in meningiomas, and to avoid misidentifying these cells as macrophages.