水基高固相含量HAP悬浮体的制备

目的 制备形状复杂、成份均匀和可靠性高的陶瓷材料。方法 系统的研究了粉料二次处理、固含量、分散剂加入量及使用条件(悬浮体pH值)等因素在羟基磷灰石陶瓷凝胶注模成型过程中对于浆料粘度的影响。结果 配制出高陶瓷粉体含量又具有良好流动性的浆料，并制备出固相含量65wt％，粘度为0．85Pa．s的HAP浆料。结论 凝胶注模成型是一种是的理想成型工艺。     

水基高固相含量HAP悬浮体的制备

目的 制备形状复杂、成份均匀和可靠性高的陶瓷材料。方法 系统的研究了粉料二次处理、固含量、分散剂加入量及使用条件（悬浮体pH值）等因素在羟基磷灰石陶瓷凝胶注模成型过程中对于浆料粘度的影响。结果 配制出高陶瓷粉体含量又具有良好流动性的浆料，并制备出固相含量65wt％，粘度为0.85Pa·S的HAP浆料。结论 凝胶注模成型是一种是的理想成型工艺。     

HAP1 facilitates effects of mutant huntingtin on inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-induced Ca release in primary culture of striatal medium spiny neurons

Huntington's disease is caused by polyglutamine expansion (exp) in huntingtin (Htt). Htt-associated protein-1 (HAP1) was the first identified Htt-binding partner. The type 1 inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R1) is an intracellular Ca2+ release channel that plays an important role in neuronal function. Recently, we identified a InsP3R1-HAP1A-Htt ternary complex in the brain and demonstrated that Httexp, but not normal Htt, activates InsP3R1 in bilayers and facilitates InsP3R1-mediated intracellular Ca2+ release in medium spiny striatal neurons [MSN; T.-S. Tang et al. (2003) Neuron, 39, 227-239]. Here we took advantage of mice with targeted disruption of both HAP1 alleles (HAP1 -/-) to investigate the role of HAP1 in functional interactions between Htt and InsP3R1. We determined that: (i) HAP1 is expressed in the MSN; (ii) HAP1A facilitates functional effects of Htt and Htt(exp) on InsP3R1 in planar lipid bilayers; (iii) HAP1 is required for changes in MSN basal Ca2+ levels resulting from Htt or Htt(exp) overexpression; (iv) HAP1 facilitates potentiation of InsP3R1-mediated Ca2+ release by Htt(exp) in mouse MSN. Our present results indicate that HAP1 plays an important role in functional interactions between Htt and InsP3R1.     

EEG and ERP profiles in the high alcohol preferring (HAP) and low alcohol preferring (LAP) mice: relationship to ethanol preference

Neurophysiological measures, such as decreased P300 amplitude and altered EEG alpha activity, have been associated with increased alcoholism risk. The purpose of the present study was to extend the assessment of the neurophysiological indices associated with alcohol consumption to a recently developed mouse model of high ethanol consumption, the first replicate line of high alcohol preferring (HAP-1) and low alcohol preferring (LAP-1) mice. Male HAP-1, LAP-1, and HS mice from the Institute for Behavioral Genetics at the University of Colorado Health Science Center (i.e., HS/Ibg mice) were implanted with cortical electrodes. EEG activity, and event related potentials (ERPs) were then examined. Following electrophysiological assessment, ethanol preference was assessed to examine the relationship between neurophysiological indices and ethanol consumption. EEG analyses revealed that HAPs and HS/Ibgs had greater peak frequency in the 2-4-Hz band and lower peak frequency in the 6-8- and 1-50-Hz bands of the cortical EEG compared to LAPs. Compared to HAPs, LAPs and HS/Ibgs had decreased peak EEG frequency in the 8-16-Hz band. Decreased parietal cortical power from 8 to 50 Hz was associated with high initial ethanol preference in HAP mice. In regards to ERPs, P1 amplitude was greater in HAPs compared to both LAPs and HS/Ibgs and the P3 latency in LAPs was decreased compared to both HAPs and HS/Ibgs. As expected, HAPs consumed more ethanol and had higher ethanol preference than LAPs and HS/Ibgs. There were no significant differences in ethanol intake or preference between HS/Ibgs and LAPs. These data indicate that selective breeding of the HAP and LAP lines has resulted in the divergence of EEG and ERP phenotypes. The differences observed suggest that increased cortical P1 amplitude and altered cortical EEG activity in the 8-50-Hz frequency range may be neurophysiological 'risk factors' associated with high ethanol consumption in mice. Decreased P3 latency in LAPs compared to HAPs and HS/Ibgs mice may be a 'protective factor'.     

替考拉宁与去甲万古霉素在医院获得性MRSA肺炎老年患者治疗中的临床研究

目的观察比较国产替考拉宁与国产盐酸去甲万古霉素治疗老年MRSA肺炎的临床效果及安全性。方法对医院2008年1月-2010年1月62例医院获得性MRSA肺炎老年患者,分别给予国产替考拉宁及国产去甲万古霉素治疗:替考拉宁为试验组32例;去甲万古霉素为对照组30例,药物剂量与用法遵照药品说明常规进行。结果两组的治疗有效率分别为86.25%和83.33%;不良反应发生率分别为9.38%、10.00%,两组对比差异无统计学意义;两组住院时间及痰菌清除时间对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论国产替考拉宁治疗老年医院获得性MRSA肺炎,治疗效果及安全性与国产盐酸去甲万古霉素无区别,但能更快控制病情,缩短住院时间。     

Rapid simultaneous identification and quantitation of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa directly from bronchoalveolar lavage specimens using automated microscopy

Diagnosis of ventilator-assisted pneumonia (VAP) requires pathogen quantitation of respiratory samples. Current quantitative culture methods require overnight growth, and pathogen identification requires an additional step. Automated microscopy can perform rapid simultaneous identification and quantitation of live, surface-immobilized bacteria extracted directly from patient specimens using image data collected over 3 h. Automated microscopy was compared to 1 μL loop culture and standard identification methods for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp. in 53 remnant bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. Microscopy identified 9/9 S. aureus and 7/7 P. aeruginosa in all specimens with content above the VAP diagnostic threshold. Concordance for specimens containing targets above the diagnostic threshold was 13/16, with concordance for sub-diagnostic content of 86/90. Results demonstrated that automated microscopy had higher precision than 1 μL loop culture (range ~0.55 log versus ≥1 log), with a dynamic range of ~4 logs (~10³ to 10⁶ CFU/mL).     

Mitochondrial biosynthesis of cholesterol in Leydig cells from rat testis

The subcellular location of some enzymes responsible for cholesterol biosynthesis was studied in metrizamide-purified rat Leydig cells. The highest activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), a key regulatory enzyme in the cholesterol pathway, was associated with highly enriched mitochondrial fractions with recovery of 62% of the total activity and was located on the inner membrane. A significant part of the activity (35%) was also present in the cytoplasm. The activity of this enzyme in the other subcellular fractions was negligible. The HMG-CoA synthase activity was also found almost entirely in the mitochondria (90%). Otherwise no detectable activity of HMG-CoA lyase was present in the subcellular fractions studied. Furthermore, cholesterol may be synthesized from acetyl-CoA inside the mitochondrion, since a significant incorporation (90%) of [14C]acetyl-CoA into digitonin-precipitable sterols was observed in this organelle and only 10% in the cytoplasmic fraction. The evidence strongly suggests that much of the cholesterol biosynthesis that takes place in Leydig cells is carried out within the mitochondria.