度米芬渗透泵片在额面部火器伤软组织损伤的药效学研究

 目的探讨度米芬渗透泵片在额面部火器伤软组织损伤的抗菌作用。方法10只犬采用钢珠弹致伤额面部,度米芬渗透泵片植入伤口,高效液相色谱法测定软组织伤后各时间点的药物浓度,观察用药前后损伤组织的病理改变,并截取用药前后不同时间组织做需氧及厌氧培养。结果度米芬渗透泵片在组织内药物浓度高,伤后24h内放置度米芬渗透泵片的额面伤组织继发损伤轻,无明显感染。未用药的伤口组织近伤道0.8cm内严重坏死,伤口24h周围组织炎性反应明显,坏死呈进行性加重,且6h开始出现细菌感染。随时间的延长,感染的细菌明显增多,以需氧菌为主。结论度米芬渗透泵片是额面部火器伤软组织感染预防用药的有效方法之一。     

Leadership in Gerontological Nursing

Leadership in gerontological nursing demands from the nurse an understanding of the social, political and health care systems which impinge upon the client and the profession. A theoretical perspective of conflict and power is used to explain the impact of scarce resources, a major problem in the health care environment of the eighties. Conflict management and power employment are seen as requisite tools for effective leadership. Suggestions for reshaping existing gerontological nursing practice, nursing research and educational patterns are offered. New modes of health care delivery can be established by gerontological nurses that focus on the provision of cost effective, quality health care.     

The Herniated Thoracic Disc: A Review of Literature

Abstract

This literature review discusses the epidemiology and etiology of thoracic disc lesions and describes signs and symptoms, diagnostic procedures, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Data presented in case series reports published between 1985-2001 is summarized: Thoracic disc herniations are more common than previously thought. They may cause mild, moderate, severe or confusing symptoms or be asymptomatic; 49% of cases were in men and 51% in women. Trauma was a precipitating factor in 31%; multiple herniations were reported in 9%. In symptomatic cases, 57% of patients presented with radicular pain, 48% with back pain, 63% with weakness, 60% with sensory complaints, 25% with bowel or bladder symptoms, and 59% with hyperreflexia. Typical presentations of upper, middle, and lower thoracic disc are summarized. Diagnosis is made by correlating clinical signs and symptoms with the results of diagnostic imaging. Surgery is recommended for patients with progressive neurological dysfunction. Research on the efficacy of conservative treatment is lacking in the literature.     

利用自制电动旋切式经皮腰椎间盘摘除器治疗腰椎间盘突出症

181例腰椎间盘突出症均经 CT 或 MRI 证实,并测量得穿刺点距棘突旁开距离(BC),进针角度(a)。手术器械采用自制电动旋切式椎间盘摘除器。手术方式取侧卧位局麻下侧后方穿刺法。所有手术均获成功,其中74个 LS_1椎间盘穿刺均用直套管针未在髂骨翼钻孔而全获成功.116例(65.9%)获显效,32例有效(17.7%),33例无效(18.2%)。我们认为:①经皮腰椎间盘摘除术的适应证范围可放宽;②本文提出实用的穿刺参数测量精确定位法。③实际操作时进针角度(a)应宁小勿大;④多个腰椎间盘突出可在同一次手术中进行治疗:⑤并发症重在预防。     

抑郁症磁共振脑功能应用研究进展

抑郁症的心境低落伴随着脑结构及功能的异常,探讨其病理机制对治疗方式的选择及疗效评价有着重要意义.近年来,MRI对抑郁症脑结构及功能的研究取得了长足进展,尤其是功能磁共振成像能够对脑组织及功能改变进行实时成像,并且可以显示抑郁症病人有关脑区功能活动及神经通路的变化.就近年来抑郁症MRI诊断研究现状及进展作一综述.     

Location and frequency of polymorphic positions in the mtDNA control region of individuals from Germany

In order to identify polymorphic positions and to determine their frequency in the human mitochondrial D-loop containing region, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region of 200 unrelated individuals from Germany were amplified and directly sequenced. Sequence comparison led to the identification of 190 mitochondrial lineages as defined by 202 variable positions. The most frequently occurring lineage comprised 5 individuals, whereas 186 types of D-loop sequences were observed in only one individual. Of the sequences studied 7% are not unique but show at least one counterpart with an identical haplotype. The majority (61%) of the control regions investigated showed between four and eight nucleotide positions deviating from the reference sequence. The maximum number of deviations observed in a single control region was 18. The majority of the variable positions in the D-loop region (88%) are located within three hypervariable regions. Sequence variations are caused by nucleotide substitutions, insertions or deletions. As compared to insertions and deletions, nucleotide substitutions make up the vast majority of the mutations (90%). We have predominantly found transitions (75%) and a significantly lower frequency of transversions (15%) whereas insertions (6%) as well as deletions (4%) are rather rare. Upon sequencing the mitochondrial control region from 200 German Caucasians the genetic diversity was estimated at 0.99. The probability of two randomly selected individuals from a population having identical mtDNA types is 0.6%. Received: 21 May 1997 / Received in revised form: 9 September 1997     

高温对热区部队战士激素调节的影响

选择某电子对抗团战士和某坦克旅战士共64人,分别在高温、高湿等因素作用下连续作业1h(摩托小时),观察战士体内激素及电解质的变化情况。结果表明:两部队战士的心钠素、皮质醇、醛固酮水平作业前后有非常显著性以上的差异;血清K~+、Ca~(2+)浓度降低,Na~+浓度升高。以上结果表明:高温环境对战士体内激素水平影响显著,机体出现应激性改变。