Unilateral varus osteotomy of the proximal femur in children with cerebral palsy: a five-year follow-up of the development of both hips

Background  

Varus osteotomy of the proximal femur (VOPF) is one treatment option to prevent hip dislocation in children with cerebral palsy (CP). It is questioned whether the osteotomy should be performed in the displaced hip only, or if it should be performed bilaterally to prevent later displacement of the contralateral hip. CPUP is a register and healthcare programme for children with CP that was initiated in 1994 in southern Sweden. In the programme, range-of-motion and radiographic examination of the hips is performed regularly. These data have been analysed preoperatively and for 5 years postoperatively in children treated with unilateral VOPF.     

骶骨钉内固定在腰骶区脊柱结核的应用

目的:探讨一期病灶清除、植骨融合、骶骨钉内固定治疗腰骶区脊柱结核的临床疗效。方法:自2004年3月至2008年11月,抗结核治疗2～3周后,采用经下腰椎侧方入路一期病灶清除、髂骨植骨及骶骨钉内固定治疗腰骶区结核11例,其中男5例,女6例;年龄29～56岁,平均(44.45±8.50)岁;病程8～15个月,平均11个月。患者均有不同程度腰骶部疼痛,1例伴下肢放射痛,2例鞍区麻木,6例伴有结核中毒症状。术前摄X线片,并行CT或MR检查,诊断为脊柱结核。术前控制结核中毒症状,血沉降低到(37.2±9.6)mm/h(25～54mm/h)。术前、术后评估腰骶角、视觉模拟评分及血沉变化。结果:患者均未出现术中及术后并发症,结核无复发,无窦道形成。随访时间平均(19.64±5.43)个月。腰骶角由术前的平均(12.9±5.0)°提高到术后的(21.5±6.1)°和末次随访时的(20.1±5.2)°(P<0.001)。视觉模拟评分和血沉由术前的(7.3±1.2)分和(37.2±9.6)mm/h降低到末次随访时的(0.6±0.5)分和(10.5±2.3)mm/h(P<0.001)。所有患者术后6～12个月骨融合,平均(9.0±1.9)个月。术前有神经功能损伤3例,术后神经功能恢复正常。结论:一期前路病灶清除、植骨融合、骶骨钉内固定是治疗腰骶区脊柱结核的一种有效方法。     

Prostate MR imaging at 3T with a longitudinal array endorectal surface coil and phased array body coil

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the feasibility of using a double loop phased array endorectal coil combined with a phased array body coil to image the prostate at 3T. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We designed and constructed a novel prostate coil employing two arrayed 4.0 x 5.0 cm loops, tuned the device for optimal performance at 3T, and characterized the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) associated with it. RESULTS: The coil Q factor was calculated to be approximately 50 unloaded, and 30 when loaded on human tissue. SNR maps at multiple orientations were constructed and images were acquired on both a phantom and a human. As expected, SNR was highest along the midpoint of the array and demonstrated strong signal even at 4 cm from the coil. CONCLUSION: The double loop phased array endorectal coil combined with a phased array body coil at 3T is feasible in vivo and compelling enough to warrant future clinical trials to evaluate its efficacy. These trials are currently under way.     

外来器械与植入物的双闭环管理

目的完善外来器械与植入物的管理流程,降低植入物提前放行率,确保医疗安全。方法采用双闭环管理模式对外来器械与植入物进行管理。医院层面闭环管理是利用医院耗材管理系统,实现外来器械与植入物的信息化管理,使临床科室、供应商、医学工程科、消毒供应中心、手术室、财务科各部门对外来器械的管理工作环环相扣;消毒供应闭环管理是将CSSD质量追溯系统与医院耗材管理系统对接,实现接收、清洗、消毒、包装、灭菌、使用、使用后再清洗消毒处理的信息化管理。结果实施闭环管理后植入物提前放行率由实施前的8.20%降低至1.59%。结论闭环管理模式明确了医院相关部门在外来器械与植入物管理环节中的职责,使临床科室医生对外来器械与植入物使用的风险有了足够的认识;使医院管理更趋精细化和规范化,有效规避因各环节过程管理中的疏漏带来的医疗风险,保障医疗安全。     

倾斜种植术在上颌后牙区骨量不足患者中的应用效果

目的 探究倾斜种植术在上颌后牙区骨量不足患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年3月-2022年3月于我院行种植牙手术治疗的86例上颌后牙区骨量不足患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组43例。对照组采用常规种植术治疗,研究组采用倾斜种植术治疗,比较两组临床疗效、心理状况、牙周指标及治疗满意度。结果 研究组治疗总有效率为93.02%,高于对照组的86.05%（P＜0.05）;研究组SAS评分、SDS评分均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;研究组PD、GI、SBI、MD均优于对照组（P＜0.05）;研究组治疗满意度为95.35%,高于对照组的88.37%（P＜0.05）。结论 倾斜种植术在上颌后牙区骨量不足患者中的应用效果确切,可有效改善患者的牙周指标,减轻其焦虑、抑郁情绪,有利于提升治疗满意度。     

股骨外侧壁形态对股骨转子区骨折内固定失效的预测研究

目的：探讨外侧壁形态与股骨转子区骨折早期内固定失效的关系。方法：选取2015年1月至2020年1月行内固定治疗的295例股骨转子区骨折患者,根据术后是否出现早期内固定失败将患者分为两组,即失败组19例和正常组276例。对两组患者性别、患侧、年龄、AO分型、身体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）、术前血红蛋白、X线测量下外侧壁厚度、术前合并内科疾病、术中失血量、术后尖顶距（tip apex distance,TAD）、术后颈干角、手术时间等资料进行比较。比较两组外侧壁形态,对外侧壁形态与股骨转子区骨折早期内固失效进行相关性分析。结果：两组患者术后随访1年以上。两组患者在术中失血量、手术时间、术后TAD、术后颈干角等方面比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。末次随访失败组视觉模拟评分（visual anague scale,VAS）高于正常组（P<0.01）,失败组Harris评分小于正常组（P<0.05）。绘制外侧壁形态与股骨转子区骨折早期内固定失败之间的受试者工作特征（receiver operator characteristic,ROC）曲线,中...     

民族地区农村留守老人社会支持及护理服务需求现状研究

目的了解民族地区农村留守老人社会支持与护理服务需求情况,为探索适宜的社区护理模式提供参考。方法采用社会支持评定量表及社区护理服务需求评定量表对恩施土家族苗族自治州3个乡镇的235名留守老人进行调查。结果该民族地区农村留守老人社会支持总分为(31.35±3.24)分,护理服务需求总分为(4.55±0.28)分,得分最高的3个条目是紧急救护(4.95±0.22)、上门基础护理(4.93±0.26)、转诊介绍和协助转诊(4.87±0.33),得分最低的3个条目是临终护理(2.09±0.55)、心理护理(4.28±0.48)、饮食营养指导(4.36±0.48);代管孙辈数目、年龄、客观支持是留守老人社区护理服务需求的影响因素(调整R2=0.696)。结论该民族地区农村留守老人社会支持较少,社区护理服务认识不够,寻求一种既经济方便又行之有效的社区护理模式对该民族地区农村留守老人的健康照护至关重要。     

Feline mitochondrial DNA sampling for forensic analysis: When enough is enough!

Pet hair has a demonstrated value in resolving legal issues. Cat hair is chronically shed and it is difficult to leave a home with cats without some level of secondary transfer. The power of cat hair as an evidentiary resource may be underused because representative genetic databases are not available for exclusionary purposes. Mitochondrial control region databases are highly valuable for hair analyses and have been developed for the cat. In a representative worldwide data set, 83% of domestic cat mitotypes belong to one of twelve major types. Of the remaining 17%, 7.5% are unique within the published 1394 sample database. The current research evaluates the sample size necessary to establish a representative population for forensic comparison of the mitochondrial control region for the domestic cat. For most worldwide populations, randomly sampling 50 unrelated local individuals will achieve saturation at 95%. The 99% saturation is achieved by randomly sampling 60–170 cats, depending on the numbers of mitotypes available in the population at large. Likely due to the recent domestication of the cat and minimal localized population substructure, fewer cats are needed to meet mitochondria DNA control region database practical saturation than for humans or dogs. Coupled with the available worldwide feline control region database of nearly 1400 cats, minimal local sampling will be required to establish an appropriate comparative representative database and achieve significant exclusionary power.     

武警南疆某部新兵健康教育需求调查评估

 目的 调查并评估南疆武警某部新兵的健康教育需求。方法 通过自编调查问卷的方法,调查了南疆武警某部480名新兵的健康教育需求内容、健康需求方式、健康知信行现状,并按不同学历、不同户籍对新兵的健康教育需求进行综合分析、评估。结果 武警南疆某部新兵健康知信行现状中健康知识总知晓率为70.25%,健康态度总持有率为88.46%,健康行为总持有率为62.35%;对健康教育知识的需求广泛,健康教育需求内容居前5位的依次是反恐维稳自我防护(100%),反恐维稳心理调节(100%),民族地区生活习俗(87.95%),沙漠地区降温防寒知识(83.93%),战伤的救护知识(83.09%)和沙漠地区气候特点(83.09%);新兵处理应激与社交障碍的需求最低(43.97%)。健康教育需求方式排在前2 位的分别是录像、幻灯等多媒体和上网自学,分别为84.24%和 60.44%;不同学历、不同户籍新兵在性生理与性心理需求方面差异有统计学意义。结论 南疆武警新兵对于健康教育突出的需求是反恐维稳自我防护、反恐维稳心理调节和民族地区生活习俗,喜欢的健康教育方式为录像、幻灯等多媒体和上网自学。