医学影像诊断设备网络化在放射科管理中的应用探讨

目的:试探讨实现医学影像诊断设备网络化对提高放射科质量的重要性及实用性。材料和方法:CT、MRI、Sun Advantage Windows(简称AW)2.0工作站连接成医学数字影像传输(DICOM)网络;DICOM服务器与各图像浏览及诊断报告书写终端连接成Ethernet网络;二者再通过集线器连接成PACS。结果:应用PACS技术,实现数字化图像在医学影像诊断设备网络化内的传送,中心存储,在DICOM 3.0标准水平的相互兼容图像交流以及诊断的报告的规范化、计算机化、实现无胶片管理医院。结论:实现医学影像诊断设备网络化提高了工作效率和管理水平,具广阔的应用前景。     

社区放置宫内节育器围绝经期妇女调查分析

目的提高放置宫内节育器（简称IUD）围绝经期妇女的自我保护意识和生殖健康水平，并探索建立科学的生育关怀长效机制。方法自2003～2005年，对居住本辖区内的1690名45～49岁放置IUD妇女上门采用问卷方式予以放环情况调查，针对不同情况和对象给予每年1～2次的个性化分类指导和随访干预。结果通过对286名对象的跟踪随访和干预，使67．9％的环超有效期对象取、换环；83．3％不了解环型的对象检查了环；70．6％绝经未取环的对象已取环，总的随访干预落实率达到70．6％。结论通过该项目的实施使我们进一步认识到：一是计划生育后续服务的重要性；二是促进妇女自我保护意识；三是必须开展以人为本的计划生育优质服务，并建立长效机制。     

Evaluating the effect of training along with fit testing on earmuff users in a Chinese textile factory

A hearing protection fit testing was conducted on workers (n = 189) in a textile factory in southern China. The 3M E-A-Rfit Dual-Ear Validation System was used to measure the personal attenuation rating (PAR) on an over-the-head style earmuff at the work site. In addition, PARs were obtained several times throughout the same work shift to capture different fits on 39 workers. Follow-up visits were conducted in approximate 6-month or 12-month intervals to repeat the fit testing. Both the immediate and residual effects of training on the field attenuation of hearing protection devices obtained by workers, and the effects of training toward improving the attenuation and protection of earmuffs after a period of daily use, were observed. A questionnaire survey was used to assess the awareness of hearing health and motivation toward the use of earmuffs in a high temperature environment. The results showed that there were wide variations in PARs among the workers tested. The one-on-one training together with fit testing improved PAR and helped to reduce the negative impact caused by use of protective hair covers. Since earmuffs are often used for long periods of time (>1 year), repeating fit tests could be helpful in order to verify the attenuation received throughout their useful life.     

医疗设备检测管理系统关键技术研究

为适应全国医疗器械检验机构日渐复杂的工作流程,为使医疗器械检验工作更加科学化、规范化,同时做到可查、可追,我们设计了此软件。目前,在国家食品药品监督管理局沈阳医疗器械质量监督检验中心实施执行此软件,它改变了检验工作档案记录没有数字化图像的历史,对于现场检验,避免漏检、错检起到了决定性的改变,实现了实时资料审查,及时修正错误。     

Safety and efficacy of a novel microneedle device for dose sparing intradermal influenza vaccination in healthy adults

Background

Intradermal vaccine delivery has been shown to induce good immune responses with low vaccine doses. Technologies for drug-delivery which specifically target the skin may render intradermal vaccination more accessible.

Methods

We conducted a prospective, randomized trial in 180 intended-to-treat healthy adults. Study objectives were to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of low-dose intradermal (ID) influenza vaccines delivered using a novel microneedle device (MicronJet). This device replaces a conventional needle, and is designed specifically for intradermal delivery.Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either the full-dose standard flu shot (containing 15 μg hemagglutinin per strain) delivered intramuscularly using a conventional needle (IM group), a medium dose intradermal injection (6 μg hemagglutinin per strain) delivered with the MicronJet (ID2 group), or a low-dose intradermal injection (3 μg hemagglutinin per strain) delivered with the MicronJet (ID1 group). A marketed influenza vaccine for the 2006/2007 influenza season (α-RIX^® by GSK Biologicals) was used for all injections.Adverse events were recorded over a 42-day period. Immunogenicity was evaluated by changes in hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody titer, and by comparing geometric mean titers (GMTs), seroconversion, and seroprotection rates between the study groups.

Results

Local reactions were significantly more frequent following intradermal vaccination, but were mild and transient in nature. At 21 days after injection, GMT fold increase was 22, 18 and 22 in the ID1, ID2 and IM groups respectively for the H1N1 strain; 9, 9 and 16 for the H3N2 strain and 9, 13 and 11 for strain B. The CPMP criteria for re-licensure of seasonal influenza vaccines were met in full for all study groups.

Conclusions

Low-dose influenza vaccines delivered intradermally using microneedles elicited immunogenic responses similar to those elicited by the full-dose intramuscular vaccination. The microneedle injection device used in this study was found to be effective, safe, and reliable.     

Observation on therapeutic effect of magnetic acupuncture treatment of simple obesity complicated with hyperlipidemia

将60例单纯性肥胖症并发高脂血症的患者,随机分为磁针组和对照组.观察肥胖指标及血脂指标的改善情况.磁针组具有减肥效应的同时,在改善患者的血脂指标胆固醇(TC)方面明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).     

环抱式记忆合金接骨器治疗锁骨中段骨折32例

目的评价环抱式记忆合金接骨器治疗锁骨中段骨折的临床治疗效果。方法 32例锁骨中段骨折患者在我科行切开复位环抱式记忆合金接骨器内固定术治疗,术后随访1年左右,并行内固定取出术治疗,每例患者均摄片观察骨折愈合情况并评价患侧肩关节功能。结果 32例锁骨骨折患者均得到良好复位及固定,术后骨折愈合良好,10周左右恢复正常工作生活,内固定取出后见骨折塑形良好,肩关节无功能受损。结论环抱式记忆合金接骨器治疗锁骨中段骨折操作简便,疗效优良,是一种理想手术方式。     

放置IUD前后规范服务对IUD使用效果及其副作用影响的临床观察

目的:探讨放置宫内节育器(IUD)前后规范服务对IUD使用效果及副作用的影响。方法:对2013年10月~2014年9月在本服务站放置IUD的336例(观察组)育龄妇女进行规范服务,包括术前宣教和心理咨询、术后健康教育等,术后1、3、6、12个月定期随访,并与上一年度在本站放置IUD的340例进行比较,观察两组副作用发生情况及使用效果。结果:放置IUD后6个月内随访,观察组经期及经量异常、经间期出血、腰腹部疼痛、白带异常等副作用发生率均低于对照组(P0.05);12个月随访,两组副作用发生情况无统计学差异(P0.05)。随访期间观察组总终止率、因症取出率均低于对照组,续用率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:放置IUD前后规范服务有助于服务对象置器后的早期适应,可提高其依从性,减少IUD的因症取出率,从而提高续用率。     

患者安全目标:加强医学装备安全与警报管理

阐述医疗器械使用安全与警报管理的意义和内涵,分析医疗器械使用安全与警报的风险点,探讨建立医疗器械使用安全与警报风险防范体系的方案,列举了医疗器械使用安全与警报管理的实践案例。