Elimination of an artificial immune complex by plasmapheresis in rabbits

The behavior of an artificial immune complex was investigated in 15 rabbits. The immune complex was labeled with iodine-125 (125I). The advantage was that the immune complex could not be metabolized without being eliminated by the kidney. This artificial immune complex was injected in a dosage of 0.8 microgram, in 2 rabbits, 5.0 micrograms in 4 rabbits, 10 micrograms in 3 rabbits, 20 micrograms in 2 rabbits, and 40 micrograms in 4 rabbits on two consecutive days. One group (n = 9) was treated with plasmapheresis: the other (n = 6) was a control group that did not undergo plasmapheresis. A miniaturized plasmapheresis system eliminated the immune complex very effectively with an average exchange volume of 95.7 ml per treatment. The increasing concentration of the immune complex in the blood before the next plasmapheresis treatment was probably an expression of mobilization of the immune complex from different organs. The animals of the plasmapheresis group were in better condition than the control group.     

Biventricular Bypass: Alternative to Univentricular Bypass and Total Artificial Heart–Bridge

Left ventricular and biventricular bypasses (LVBs, BVBs) were performed in 102 experiments in sheep, goats, and donkeys. Biventricular bypass was performed in the assisted circulation mode or in the paracorporeal artificial heart bridge (PCAHB) mode when the natural heart fibrillates. During implantation of artificial ventricles instead of a heart-lung bypass, counterpulsation was used. Several types of connective conduits were developed and tested in experiments. The conduits included bifurcational connective pipes that permit "intake" of blood into artificial ventricles from atria and ventricles of the natural heart simultaneously and consequently provide effective blood flow through shunts not depending on the state of the natural heart (acute cardiac weakness or asystole). Monitoring gas content (PO2, PCO2, and pH) in the myocardium of both ventricles suggested development of right ventricular failure under conditions of LVB before hemodynamic changes occurred and confirmed the preferability of BVB over other methods of assisted circulation, as it is most effective and capable of normalizing short-term cardiac disturbances in the course of the 1st 2 days. Survival time of experimental animals (2-3 days for dogs, 5-12 days for sheep, goats, and donkeys) is sufficient to overcome acute cardiac insufficiency. This suggests that BVB in the assisted circulation mode or PCAHB mode can serve as a bridge for cardiac transplantation for the time of search for the available organ.     

碘苯甲酸涂剂中苯甲酸和水杨酸的含量测定

目的:测定碘苯甲酸涂剂中苯甲酸和水杨酸的含量.方法:应用人工神经网络误差反向传播模型进行含量测定.结果:苯甲酸和水杨酸平均回收率和相对标准偏差分别为100.24%,0.23%;99.62%,0.42%.分析了3批样品,结果满意.结论:该方法简便、快速、准确.     

Tissue engineered artificial skin composed of dermis and epidermis

Abstract: We made an artificial skin comprised of a stratified layer of keratinocytes and a dermal matrix with a type I collagen containing fibroblasts. In this work, we showed keratinocyte behavior under primary culture, gel contractions varying with concentration of collagen solution, and cell growth plots in the collagen gel. The optimum behavior of dermal equivalent could be obtained using 3.0 mg/ml collagen solution and attached gel culture. The attached gel culture had a jumping effect of growth factor on cell growth at the lag phase. To develop the artificial skin, 1× 10⁵ cells/cm² of keratinocytes were cultured on the dermal equivalent at air-liquid interface. Finally, to overcome the problem that artificial skin of collagen gel was torn easily during suturing of grafting, we prepared histocompatible collagen mesh and attached the mesh to the bottom of the gel. Cultured artificial skins were successfully grafted onto rats.     

Development of a miniature undulation pump for the distributed artificial heart

Research of the distributed artificial heart is important not only to acquire the means of individual organ perfusion but also to clarify the characteristics of the organ and the mechanism of blood distribution. To investigate the distributed artificial heart, the miniature undulation pump was developed. The outer diameter and the thickness of the developed pump were 38 mm and 11 mm, respectively. The priming volume of the pump was 3.2 ml. The total size including the motor unit was 38 mm in diameter and 32 mm in length. The total weight was 67.5 g. The total volume was 27.5 ml. The pump was driven with pulse width modulation by using a 1 chip motor controller. More than 5 L/min of continuous output could be obtained. The results showed that the developed miniature undulation pump system had enough performance for individual organ perfusion.     

Evaluation of the inner-surface morphology of an artificial heart by acoustic microscopy

The total artificial heart (TAH) is being developed for permanent replacement of the natural heart instead of heart transplantation. The need for detecting the material fatigue in the TAH is increasing in order to guarantee long-term use. In this study, the inner surface morphology of the TAH was evaluated by a specially developed scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) system operating in the frequency range of 100-200 MHz. The inner sac of our TAH consisted of polyvinylchloride coated with polyurethane, and the SAM investigations were performed before and after the implantations in goats. The amplitude images of the SAM demonstrated protein adhesion on the inner surface of the TAH after the animal experiment, and the phase images showed distortion of the wall with spatial resolution of 0.2 microm. These results suggest the feasibility of a high-frequency ultrasound for evaluating the material fatigue of TAH.     

人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折

目的评价骨水泥型人工股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定型骨折的临床效果。方法总结应用本术式治疗的高龄、有明显骨质疏松的20例股骨粗隆间不稳定型骨折患者临床资料，并与传统内固定术进行比较。结果18例术后随访2～24个月，髋关节功能接近或恢复到受伤前水平，无一例因手术并发症死亡，术后开始负重行走时间7～30d。结论该手术方法具有功能恢复好，并发症少，能早期离床活动等优点，手术危险性不比其他内固定术大。     

半夏人造土栽培及生长习性研究

半夏在自然状态下,繁殖率低,生长慢。为提高栽培效益,从生长习性入手,采用人造土栽培、控制土层厚度、施用营养液,以及全光照等措施,可使半夏一次播种,获得连续数年高产。本项研究结果可供产业化生产参考。     

经腹膜外通路造设人工肛门术

目的 :探讨直肠癌腹会阴联合切除术后 ,经腹膜外通路人工肛门造设的方法及效果。方法 :回顾性分析 1985年 5月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月间 4 34例直肠癌腹会阴联合切除术后 ,经腹膜外通路 337例 (称腹膜外组 ) ,经腹膜内通路 97例 (称传统组 )分别造设人工肛门的结肠造口术后患者的临床资料 ,对有关数据作统计学处理。结果 :腹膜外组有 2例患者 (0 . 5 % )发现造口狭窄 ,5例患者 (1 4. 8% )发现造口周围炎 ,1例患者 (0 . 3% )发现造口旁疝 ,87例患者获排便感觉 ,并发症发生率为 2 . 1%。腹膜内组造口狭窄 11例 (11. 34% ) ,发现造口周围炎 3例 (5. 5 % )、造口回缩 2例 (2 .16 % )、造口脱垂 4例 (4. 12 % ) ,并发症发生率为 2 9 98% ,患者没有排便感觉。两组并发症发生率及排便感觉上都有明显差异 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :直肠癌APR术后经腹膜外通路造设人工肛门术 ,较传统手术并发症少 ,手术操作简单 ,便于护理且可获排便感觉。     

曲马多用于人工流产术后疼痛治疗的临床观察

目的　调查人工流产术后疼痛情况 ,观察曲马多治疗疼痛的效果。方法　行人工流产的孕妇 4 84例 ,随机分为四组。A组 ,局麻下手术 ;B组 ,异丙酚静脉麻醉下完成手术 ;C组 ,局麻下手术 ,曲马多片术后镇痛 ;D组 ,异丙酚静脉麻醉下完成手术 ,曲马多片术后镇痛。记录病人术后 6h、12h、2 4h、4 8h、72h的疼痛强度评分、生活质量评分 ,对手术治疗满意度进行评价 ,记录手术或药物副作用。结果　疼痛评分 ,A、B、C、D组间疼痛持续时间和程度依次降低 ,差别均有显著性 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 )。生活影响评分 ,A组高于其它三组 ,B组高于C、D组 (P <0 0 1) ,术后 6h、12h ,C组高于D组 (P <0 0 5 )。满意度评分 ,各组间比较差别均有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。副作用发生率 (人 /次 )比较差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　人工流产术后存在轻、中度疼痛 ,使用曲马多片术后镇痛效果良好。