用单腔锁骨下静脉穿刺管做恶性胸腹水闭式引流26例报告

晚期癌症患者大量的胸腹水很常见,常可引起病人呼吸困难,由于生长迅速,频繁地穿刺抽液给患者增加痛苦,又增加感染的机会,也给治疗带来诸多不便;为此,我科自欺欺人1999年1月-2001年10月间采用一次性单腔锁骨下静脉穿刺管做恶性胸腹水闭式引流共26例,收到良好效果,具体方法、效果介绍如下:     

白内障超声乳声联合人工晶体植入术护理体会

白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术是目前治疗白内障较为先进的手术方法 ,是高龄患者白内障理想的复明手术 ,具有手术切口小、组织损伤轻、愈合快、住院时间短、术后散光小及视力恢复快且稳定等优点。但其成功与否 ,不仅需设备精良、技术娴熟和经验丰富 ,而且针对患者特点进行术前、术中、术后的护理亦是不可缺少的要素。我院自 1998年以来 ,以该法治疗白内障 10 2 7例 12 4 8眼 ,均获得成功。现将护理体会报告如下。1　临床资料　　 10 2 7例 12 4 8眼中 ,男性 4 6 8例 5 97眼 ,女性5 5 9例 6 5 1眼。年龄 18～ 87岁 ,平均 6 9岁。其中≤ 1…     

外伤完全性脱位牙再植临床疗效观察

颌面外伤易伤及前牙致脱位,影响美观。自 1996年以来,我们对外伤脱位,离体2-72h的前牙,采用体外根管治疗、根面处理后,再植,随访观察5年以上有89．54％的再植牙稳固,不松动,咀嚼功能良好,现报告如下:     

Effect comparison between sacral blocking and massage combined with traction on protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc

Background:Epidural injection is an important method in treatment of protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc.Especially in the recent decade sacral injection is adopted more and more often.Objective:To compare the clinical effects of sacral blocking and massage combined with traction.Unit:Yinhe Hospital of Beijing.Subjects:290 outpatients with grade Ⅱ of ASAI were selected from May,1994 to July,2000.Patients were randomly divided into observation group(n=145)and control group(n=145).Sacral blocking was adopted in observation group and 80 males and 65 females aged 20-78(mean:46.4)years old were included with disease course 3 days to 30 years.Massage combined with treaction was adopted in control group and 74 males and 71 females aged 22-74(mean:44.9)years oled were inmcluded with disease course 2 days to 10 years.Interention:Sacral blocking:Operation was according to sacral blocking and druge(dexamethasone injection,2 mg;0.75% bupivavaine hydrochloride,5 ml;saline,50ml) were injected slowly after success of puncture.Patient rested for 0.5h after injection and left treatment room if no adverse effects occurred.Massage combined with traction:Massage was adopted after traction to every patients.(1)Massage:Patient was seated at square stool and lower limbs separated naturally with same width of shoulders.Doctors sit behind patient.First,thubs of both hands were pressed on projecting part near spinous process(pressing points were selected according to different projecting part).Flexing and extending forward and backward were taken at the same time and extent was ddecided addording to patients‘ maximal endurable degree,5-10 timmes.Upper part of body was turned 45 degrees to left and right.Massage was still taken to affected part,3-t times.(2)Traction:Pelvis was extracted with general physical therapy and massage table.Supine position,chest and treaction bandage were fixed,tractiron wheel was turned slowly until patient felt comfortable with maximal endurance as limit(traction force,20-40kg),After extracting for 5 minutes,massagee switch was turned on to take rolling massage to bck and both lower libmbs.Traction force was increased every5 minutes and limit was still according to patient‘s maximal endurance,30 minutes for every time,once a day and ten times as a therapeutic course.Cohclusion:Effect of sacral blocking on protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc was positive and fewer therapeutic time were needed.Massage combined with traction was also effective,safe and no adverse effects wer observed,but more therapeutic times were neeeded and inconveinient.     

内镜下鼻胆导管引流术的护理

鼻胆导管引流术(ENBD)是在十二指肠镜直视下施行的胆管置管引流减压技术，其成功率高，并发症少，使患者生活质量大大提高。我院2003年7月以来开始施行ENBD，用于胆总管结石及化脓性胆管炎，它是以内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)后又予内镜乳头括约肌切开(EST)取石，继而留置鼻胆管引流，均取得良好治疗效果，现将护理体会报告如下。     

经外周导入中心静脉置管的并发症及防治

经外周导入中心静脉置管(picc)是通过外周静脉(如正中静脉、头静脉、贵要静脉等)将导管送入上腔静脉的深静脉置管技术，是进行长期输液最理想的安全工具之一。因其穿刺创伤小、保留时间长，免除患者多次穿刺及因输高渗刺激性强的药物及化疗药物对血管的损害，起到保护血管和减轻患者痛苦的作用，因此在临床上应用较为广泛，picc有许多优点，但亦存在一些并发症和危险。近年来，随着picc的广泛使用，人们对其并发症的防治积累了许多经验，本文就此叙述如下。     

根管治疗术和干髓术对牙折影响的对比研究

用国内常用的牙髓治疗方法对30颗完整、新鲜、离体下颔磨牙进行牙髓治疗,然后测试其抗折力,经统计学处理发现:根管治疗术后磨牙的抗折力明显高于干髓术后磨牙的抗折力,干髓剂是其主要影响因素,改进干髓剂垫置方法后,可以明显提高干髓术后磨牙的抗折力。     

自制打结器用于小切口胆囊切除术60例临床观察

胆囊切除术目前主要的方法有经典式胆囊切除术（OC）、小切口胆囊切除术（MC）和腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）。我们自2004年9月。2006年10月，对60例行小切口胆囊切除术中技巧性地应用自制打结器，对胆囊管、胆囊动脉的深部结扎线进行打结。在结扎胆囊管、胆囊动脉的过程中，既能结扎牢胆囊管、胆囊动脉，又不损伤周围组织，也无结扎线断裂、松动、滑脱，术后未出现胆漏、出血等并发症。临床效果观察，均非常满意，现报告如下：