Seminal leucocyte subpopulations and sperm function in fertile and infertile Chinese men

The level of seminal leucocytes and the prevalence of leucocytospermia was determined in a group of fertile and infertile southern Chinese men in Hong Kong. Sixteen normal fertile semen donors and 49 men with male factor infertility were studied prospectively. None had antisperm antibodies and past or present evidence of genital tract infection. Seminal leucocytes and their subsets were analysed using monoclonal antibodies and an immunocytochemical alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase conjugate technique. Seminal leucocytes were detectable in 94% and 86% of the fertile and infertile men respectively, with the predominant subset being granulocytes. Leucocytospermia (> 1 × 10⁶ leucocytes/ml) was found in only one of the 49 (2%) infertile men without clinical evidence of genito-urinary infection. Inverse correlations were observed between (1) the percentage of spermatozoa with normal morphology and the number of T-helper/inducer cells, (2) the linearity of sperm movement and the number of T-lymphocytes. In conclusion, the level of seminal leucocytes and the prevalence of leucocytospermia is low in infertile Chinese subjects. The effect of seminal leucocytes on sperm function in these subjects needs further evaluation.     

社会及自我认同决定男子以肝为本

社会认同及自我认同因素具有可变性,男性的社会角色决定了其对自我认同及社会认同的依赖性,表现在男性较女性在体力、脑力及心身压力等方面付出更多,而这样却对机体造成多方面损害,尤其表现在对肝的损害。优化社会及自我认同是使男子肝气畅达、气血和调的关键。     

高校贫困大学生问题与对策研究

高校贫困生群体问题已引起党和国家以及社会各界的广泛关注，已成为高校教育工作的重要内容。本文分析探讨了高校贫困生群体的产生背景、形成原因及其特点，并提出了有效的帮困对策，这对于促进我国高等教育体制改革顺利进行，保证高等教育事业快速健康发展和贫困大学生群体的健康成长、成才具有十分重要的意义。     

老年患者外周血IL—2及NK细胞活性的比较研究

通过观察三组不同疾病的老年患者外周血白细胞介素Ⅱ（ＩＬ－２）和自然杀伤（ＮＫ）细胞活性的相互关系，并与健康老人作对比，提示，ＩＬ－２及ＮＫ细胞活性在健康老人组最高，糖尿病组次之，慢阻肺组明显减低（Ｐ＜０．０５），消化道肿瘤组最低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＩＬ－２对健康老人及各组老年患者ＮＫ细胞活性均有明显促进作用；ＩＬ－２及ＮＫ细胞活性在各老年组均呈直线正相关，且相关系数有显著意义。结论：老年病人（消化系统肿瘤，慢阻肺、糖尿病）细胞活性低于健康老年人，通过增加内源或外源的ＩＬ－２均能提高机体免疫应答能力，从而减少感染及肿瘤的发生率，达到延缓生命的作用。     

Age-Related Decline of Bone Mass and Intestinal Calcium Absorption in Normal Males

Although about 25% of all hip fractures occur in men, little is known about the pattern of their age-related bone loss and its main determinants. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the age-related changes of intestinal calcium absorption, bone mass, and bone turnover in normal men. In 70 normal males (age 17–91 years), we measured spinal and forearm bone density (FBD) (by DXA), fractional intestinal calcium absorption (by oral test), serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH), dietary calcium intake (diet records), biochemical markers of bone turnover (serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, urine calcium, creatinine, and hydroxyproline), and 1,25(OH)₂D₃ serum levels. Vertebral bone density (VBD) showed a modest decline before age 50 and a greater decline after age 50, whereas FBD presented a significant decrease with advancing age starting at age 40, suggesting a predominant age-related cortical bone loss. Intestinal calcium absorption (⁴⁷CaFA) and serum 1,25(OH)₂D₃ also presented an age-related decline similar to FBD. Simple correlation analysis revealed that age was significantly related to ⁴⁷CaFA (r = 0.60), calcium intake (r = 0.32), VBD and FBD (r = 0.79 and 0.63, respectively), serum 1,25(OH)₂D₃ (r = 0.69), and serum iPTH (r = 0.72). No significant correlation was found between age and biochemical markers of bone remodeling. Partial correlation and stepwise variable selection analyses, using ⁴⁷CaFA and bone mass as dependent variables, showed that in normal males, serum 1,25(OH)₂D₃ and dietary calcium intake were the main contributors (64%) to ⁴⁷CaFA variability, whereas only age accounted for 63% of VBD and age and dietary calcium accounted for 45% of FBD variability. These results indicate that bone loss in men accelerates after age 50 years and that among other factors, intestinal calcium malabsorption and 1,25(OH)₂D₃ serum levels play a role. Received: 19 November 1996 / Accepted: 26 January 1998     

Religion and older men in prison

The objective of the study was to examine the religious characteristics and background of inmates age 50 or over confined to a federal correctional institution. Ninety-six of 106 eligible inmates (91%) consented and received complete evaluations. Forensic, demographic and health data were collected on all inmates, including detailed information on religious affiliation, background, belief, public and private activities, experience, intrinsic religiosity and religious coping. Over 80% of inmates were currently affiliated with a denomination different from the one in which they were raised, with a net movement from conservative Protestant to mainline traditions. Contrary to expectation, religious characteristics of older inmates were not greatly different from those of non-incarcerated older adults. There was weak support for a relationship between religiousness and positive forensic factors (first prison term, fewer disciplinary actions). Religion was reported by 32% of inmates to be the most important factor that enabled them to cope. Inmates' intrinsic religiosity and perceived importance of religion to their primary caretaker (person who raised them) were both inversely related to depressive symptoms. This study suggests that religious background, belief, activities, experience and intrinsic religiosity are important factors to the adjustment and behavior of older prisoners.     

中国青年距骨斜角正常值测定

目的 :测定中国健康青年踝关节距骨斜角正常值范围 ,从影像学方面提供急性外踝韧带损伤导致外踝不稳的定量诊断方法。方法 :随机选择无外踝韧带损伤史的健康青年学生 2 2 4人(男 1 1 8人 ,女 1 0 6人 ) ,年龄 2 0～2 3岁 ,共计 445例踝关节。在髋、膝屈曲 90°、踝跖屈 3 0°位 ,采用踝关节加压内翻拍片架拍踝跖屈内翻应力正位X线片。结果 :445例踝关节中 ,距骨斜角最小 0°,最大 1 1°,男性踝关节 2 3 5例距骨斜角 x±s为 3 99°± 1 91°,M±Q为 4°± 2°,P95为 7°;女性踝关节2 1 0例距骨斜角 x±s为 4 3 9°± 2 2 3°,M±Q为 4°±3°,P95为 8°。结论 :中国健康青年踝关节距骨斜角正常值范围为 0°～8°,急性外踝韧带损伤患者距骨斜角 >4°而≤ 8°时 ,结合临床严重的体征可考虑韧带断裂 ,距骨斜角 >8°时 ,可认为至少有一条外踝韧带断裂     

Preventive Interventions for Children of Divorce: A Developmental Model for 5 and 6 Year Old Children

Implemented and evaluated a preventive intervention for kindergarten and first grade children of divorce. Structure and content of the 12 session Children of Divorce Intervention Program (CODIP) was tailored to the developmental characteristics of 5 and 6 year olds. Pre-post comparisons of demographically matched groups of 37 CODIP participants, 26 non-program divorce controls and 39 children from non-divorced families yielded improvements for the experimental group on teacher, parent, child and group leader measures of adjustment. Limitations of the study and directions for future research, including a follow up study, are discussed.     

青壮年面部皮肤厚度的分布特点

目的:研究青壮年人体面部不同部位的皮肤厚度特点。方法:取10例正常青壮年尸体面部24个不同部位的皮肤,做7μm厚切片,HE染色,测微尺测量表皮(Hight1,H1)及皮肤(Hight2,H2)厚度,计算表皮与真皮的比例(Ratio=Hight1/Hight2,R=H1/H2),数据用SPSS13.0进行处理。结果:所测量青壮年面部皮肤的厚度为(2.094±0.622)mm,表皮的厚度为(0.066±0.023)mm,眼睑部皮肤最薄(1.008±0.070)mm,鼻尖部皮肤最厚(3.224±0.175)mm,R在0.02～0.04之间。除口唇、鼻、眼眉、耳轮、下颌等部位外,面部大部分皮肤厚度为2.00～3.00mm。结论:本组所测青壮年面部不同部位的皮肤和表皮厚度不同,表皮占皮肤的比例相对稳定,皮肤厚度的区域分布具有一定特点,据此可以指导面部的磨削术等外科手术。     

婴幼儿血管瘤的综合治疗

血管瘤是婴幼儿常见的先天性良性肿瘤。１９８６年～１９９５年综合治疗１３０例婴幼儿患者，取得满意效果，对手术切除、口服强的松、皮质类固醇瘤腔注射、铜针栓塞等方法作了描述。