高职《仪器分析》课程教学改革现状与措施

高职院校为了提高学生的学习效果和分析仪器的规范操作技能,越来越重视《仪器分析》教学改革研究和实践。本文对近年来《仪器分析》课程教学存在的问题以及课程教学改革现状与措施等方面进行了综述,以期为各高职院校进行《仪器分析》教学改革提供借鉴与参考。     

高职药学专业“无机化学及化学分析”课程思政教学思考

针对高职药学专业“无机化学及化学分析”课程思政,提出一些教学建议措施:从每一章节凝练思政议题,开展思政教学;不断提升教师思政水平;改革教学方式;开展化学实训思政教学,培养学生创新创作能力,提高学生实验室安全意识。     

Drug driving among injecting drug users in Sydney, Australia: prevalence, risk factors and risk perceptions

Aims To examine the prevalence of drug driving, the prevalence of drug‐related motor vehicle accidents, risk perceptions of drug driving and factors associated with drug driving among injecting drug users (IDU). Design Cross‐sectional survey. Setting Sydney, Australia. Participants Three hundred current IDU. Findings Ninety‐five per cent had driven a vehicle, 74% in the previous 12 months (‘current drivers’). Eighty‐seven per cent of life‐time drivers reported having drug driven, and 88% of current drivers had drug driven in the previous 12 months. There were no significant sex differences in life‐time or recent drug driving. The most common drugs used before driving in the preceding year were: cannabis, heroin, amphetamines and cocaine. A third of life‐time drivers reported having had a drug driving accident, with males more likely to have done so, and 9% of current drivers reported a drug driving accident in the previous year. The most common drugs that had been used before the most recent drug driving accident were heroin, cannabis and alcohol. Alcohol was perceived to be the most dangerous substance for driving performance and cannabis the least dangerous. Recent drug drivers perceived drug driving to be less dangerous than non‐drug drivers. Recent drug drivers had driven more frequently over the preceding 12 months, had significantly higher levels of dependence, higher frequency of drug use, more extensive polydrug use and were more likely to have used and/or injected a drug in a car in the previous 12 months. Conclusions Drug driving and drug‐related accidents are large‐scale public health problems among IDU. These behaviours pose serious risks to IDU themselves and to the broader community.     

Vocational Rehabilitation in Spinal Cord Injury: What Vocational Service Activities Are Associated with Employment Program Outcome?

Background:

Designing effective vocational programs for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) is essential for improving return to work outcome following injury. The relationship between specific vocational services and positive employment outcome has not been empirically studied.

Objective:

To examine the association of specific vocational service activities as predictors of employment.

Method:

Secondary analysis of a randomized, controlled trial of evidence-based supported employment (EBSE) with 12-month follow-up data among 81 Veteran participants with SCI.

Results:

Primary activities recorded were vocational counseling (23.9%) and vocational case management (23.8%). As expected, job development and employment supports were the most time-consuming activities per appointment. Though the amount of time spent in weekly appointments did not differ by employment outcome, participants obtaining competitive employment averaged significantly more individual activities per appointment. Further, for these participants, job development or placement and employment follow-along or supports were more likely to occur and vocational counseling was less likely to occur. Community-based employment services, including job development or placement and employment follow-along or supports as part of a supported employment model, were associated with competitive employment outcomes. Office-based vocational counseling services, which are common to general models of vocational rehabilitation, were associated with a lack of employment.

Conclusions:

Vocational services that actively engage Veterans with SCI in job seeking and acquisition and that provide on-the-job support are more likely to lead to employment than general vocational counseling that involves only job preparation.     

医学高职课堂小演讲与学生综合能力培养的研究与思考

培养探索与创新等综合能力是医学高职教育的核心任务,课堂小演讲是训练综合素质的重要方式,以讲授为主的教学法为对照,将“小演讲”引入助产专业《医学遗传与优生》课程教学,经笔试、总结和教学反馈等方式评价显示教学效果显著,小演讲是学生综合能力培养的重要方法。     

高职护理专业学生对老年高血压患者家庭护理的认知与态度

目的了解高职护理专业学生对老年高血压患者家庭护理的认知与态度。方法对218例高职学生进行关于老年高血压患者家庭护理的问卷调查,内容包括疾病基本知识、营养知识、健康教育、心理护理、家庭护理技能以及异常情况观察等方面。结果高职学生对老年高血压及其家庭护理了解程度较好者占19.72%和32.57%;有一定了解者占52.29%和45.41%;完全不了解者27.98%和22.02%。其相关知识问卷总分为(51.66±4.02)分;其中对心理护理了解最差,其次为营养知识、健康教育、疾病基本知识、异常情况的观察、家庭护理技能。结论高职学生对老年高血压患者家庭护理的认知与态度不容乐观,应加强相关知识和技能的教育,对减少患者并发症的发生、提高其生活质量具有重要意义。