Vascular endothelial growth factor expressing mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac function in chronic myocardial infarction in pigs

Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） for myocardial reconstruction has shown promise in both animal models and human phase 1 clinical studies. Vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） is a strong therapeutic agent for treating ischaemia by inducing angiogenesis. The feasibility of ex vivo MSCs mediated gene transfer is documented. Matsumoto and colleagues have recently reported genetically engineered MSCs carrying VEGF165 delivery for revascularization in a model of acute myocardial infarction （MI）. The promising data from our laboratory in both angiogenesis and MSCs transplantation in cunicular heart model of acute MI have prompted us to attempt the combined and simultaneous application of the two strategies.     

氨氯地平复方丹参滴丸对高血压大鼠血管壁重塑的干预

目的：探讨氨氯地平片（络活喜）加复方丹参滴丸对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）血管壁重塑的干预。方法：将32只10周龄雄性SHR随机分成空白对照组（SHRc）、阴性对照组（SHRNs）、阳性对照组（SHRA）和治疗组（SHRA＋D）四组，每组8只。空白对照组未作治疗即测定各指标，并与8只同周龄Wistar鼠比较。除空白对照组外，后三组分别经生理盐水、络活喜、络活喜加复方丹参滴丸治疗8周后处死，测定各项指标。结果：与wistar组比较，空白对照组及阴性对照组血压明显增高、管腔增大、血管壁明显增厚，尤以血管中层平滑肌细胞（VSMC）肥大为主；经治疗后，阳性对照组及治疗组血压明显降低，血管壁增厚得到遏制；阳性对照组与治疗组之间比较，治疗组血管壁变薄更明显，但无统计学意义。结论：络活喜通过降低血压遏制SHR血管壁重塑，加复方丹参滴丸治疗能进一步遏制血管壁重塑，但可能表现为时效关系。     

Diagnosis and management of Alzheimer's disease

The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a 2-stage process, in stage 1, the dementia syndrome, comprising neuropsychologic and neuropsychiatrie components together with deficits in activities of daily living, is differentiated on clinical grounds from a number of other conditions (delirium, concomitant physical illness, drug treatment normal memory loss, etc), in stage 2, the cause is determined, AD being the most common, followed by vascular dementia, Lewy-body dementia, frontal lobe dementia, and a host of so-called secondary causes. Although a mixed Alzheimer/vascular picture is common, gradual onset of multiple cognitive deficits is typical of AD, while abrupt onset, a fluctuating course, hypertension, and focal neurologic signs suggest vascular dementia, in Lewy-body dementia, memory loss may not be an early feature, and fluctuation can be marked by distressing psychotic symptoms and behavioral disturbance, investigations should be minimally invasive and relatively cheap, confined to routine blood tests, chest x-ray and/or electrocardiogram if clinically indicated, cardiologie or neurologic referral in the presence of cerebrovascular signs, and computed tomography if an intracranial lesion is suspected. Accurate diagnosis enables the clinician to outline the disease course to the family and inform them of genetic implications. Numerous instruments for assessing cognitive function, global status, psychiatric well-being, and activities of daily living are briefly reviewed.     

Neurodegenerative disorder and diffuse brain calcifications due to FARSB mutation in two siblings

Pathogenic mutations in the FARSB gene are associated with neurodevelopmental disorder involving the brain, liver, and lungs. We report genetic analysis of a family including two affected members with this disorder, which revealed a homozygous pathogenic missense variant, FARSB: {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"NM_005687.4","term_id":"743405629","term_text":"NM_005687.4"}}NM_005687.4:c.853G > A:p.E285K in both affected patients. The parents were heterozygous for this variant.     

A systematic review of the efficacy of donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine on treating vascular dementia

Background:Vascular dementia (VaD) is a comprehensive syndrome related to the damage of cognitive function and various cerebral vascular illnesses. VaD is also generally recognized as the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer disease, contributing to 30% of the dementia population in Asia and developing countries. The ability of donepezil hydrochloride and nimodipine had been respectively proven in improving cognitive function in vascular dementia. However, whether the combined application of both drugs contribute to better efficacy remains as a research hotspot. Studies had shown definite satisfactory result with such combination, however evidence-based evaluation of the efficacy is still lacking. Therefore, meta-analysis is employed in this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine in treating VaD to provide references for clinical treatments. The efficacy of donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine on treating vascular dementia is systematically reviewed to provide evidence-based references for clinical applications.Methods:Both Chinese and English databases were searched from the start till August, 2020 for any RCT regarding the combined use of the 2 drugs in treating vascular dementia. Two investigators would later evaluate and screened out research and data based on an improved Jaded scale. Software Rev Man 5.3.0 was employed to carry out meta-analysis on clinical effificacy, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) ratings, activity of daily living (ADL) ratings, and clinical dementia scale (CDR) ratings.Results:Donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine had demonstrated satisfactory efficacy on the treatment of vascular dementia. Improvements were namely spotted on MMSE scale, ADL scale, and CDR scale, with the utmost efficacy by 12 weeks after intervention.Conclusions:Donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine had good efficacy in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia, mainly in terms of improving the Simple MMSE scores, the ability to use daily living scale (ADL) scores and the CDR, and the best results were obtained after 12 weeks of intervention. Such conclusion should be cautiously evaluated.     

内源性一氧化碳对肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖基因表达谱的影响

目的 运用芯片技术研究内源性一氧化碳（CO）刺激下血管平滑肌细胞内增殖相关基凼表达谮的变化。方法 取SD大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞进行离体培养,用血小板源性生长因子（PDGF,20ng／m1）和Hemin（20μmol／L）进行刺激后,用Affymetrix表达基因谱芯片检测其基因表达谱变化。结果 Hemin刺激与PDGF刺激相比差异表达基因366条,与增殖相关的差异表达基因21条,上调11条,下调10条。其中原来在PDGF刺激下上调表达的一些基因（Map2k3、cyclinD1、PDGFA、mybL1、a．nape10、MMP14等）在经内源性CO刺激后其表达则显著下调。结论 内源性CO很可能是通过作用于MAPK途径来抑制PDGF的促增殖功能,同时伴有cyclinD1、cyclinG1、P21等的参与。     

糖尿病氧化应激环境中α-Klotho对巨噬细胞-血管内皮细胞串扰的影响

目的：探讨糖尿病氧化应激环境中过表达α-Klotho(KL)的小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞(RAW264.7)对人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)增生、迁移、管腔形成以及紧密连接的影响。

方法：将RAW264.7细胞分为对照组、4-羟壬二酸酯(4HNE)组、4HNE+KL组,采用免疫荧光实验检测RAW264.7细胞F4/80的表达。制备3组细胞的条件培养基用于培养HUVECs,分为Mø-NC组、Mø-4HNE组和Mø-4HNE+KL组。采用CCK8实验检测血管内皮细胞增生,采用划痕实验和Transwell实验检测迁移,采用管腔形成实验检测管腔形成,采用Western blot实验检测闭合蛋白5(Claudin 5)、咬合蛋白(Occludin)、带状闭合蛋白1(ZO 1)表达水平。

结果：免疫荧光实验结果显示,4HNE组RAW264.7细胞F4/80荧光强度较对照组明显增强,而4HNE+KL组F4/80荧光强度较4HNE组明显减弱(均P<0.05)。CCK8实验结果显示,相比于Mø-NC组,Mø-4HNE组HUVECs增生显著增加,而Mø-4HNE+KL组HUVECs增生较Mø-4HNE组显著下降(均P<0.01)。划痕实验和Transwell实验结果显示,相比于Mø-NC组,Mø-4HNE组HUVECs迁移显著增强,而Mø-4HNE+KL组HUVECs迁移较Mø-4HNE组显著减弱(均P<0.01)。管腔形成实验结果显示,相比于Mø-NC组,Mø-4HNE组HUVECs管腔数显著增加,而Mø-4HNE+KL组管腔数较Mø-4HNE组显著下降(均P<0.01)。Western blot实验结果显示,相比于 Mø-NC组,Mø-4HNE组HUVECs中Claudin 5、Occludin、ZO 1蛋白的相对表达量明显减少,而Mø-4HNE+KL组Claudin 5、Occludin、ZO 1蛋白的相对表达量较Mø-4HNE组明显增加(均P<0.01)。

结论：KL通过改变糖尿病氧化应激环境中巨噬细胞激活状态抑制了HUVECs的增生、迁移、管腔形成,并增强了HUVECs的紧密连接。     

多参数MRI联合临床危险因素术前预测直肠癌淋巴血管间隙侵犯的应用价值

目的 探讨多参数 MRI 联合临床危险因素术前预测直肠癌淋巴血管间隙侵犯（LSVI）的价值。 方法 回顾性分析池州市人民医院 2022 年 4 月至 2023 年 11 月经术后病理证实的 38 例直肠癌患者的临床及影像学资料,所有患者均行常规 MRI、合成 MRI及 IVIM-DWI 序列扫描。依据术后病理结果分为 LVSI 阳性组（n=14）和 LVSI 阴性组（n=24）。采用单因素和多因素 logistic 回归分析LVSI 阳性组和 LVSI 阴性组的临床资料,分析 LVSI 的临床危险因素;比较两组患者合成 MRI （T1 值、T₂ 值、PD 值）及 IVIM-DWI 参数（D值、D*值、f 值）,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线评价各定量参数预测模型及联合临床危险因素预测模型的诊断效能。 结果 合成MRI 的 T₂ 值及 IVIM-DWI 的 D 值、f 值在直肠癌 LVSI 阳性组和阴性组中比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。术前 CEA（OR=10.818,95%CI：1.391~84.124）及临床 N 分期（OR=11.852,95%CI：1.534~91.552）是直肠癌 LVSI 的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。单独的 T₂ 值、D 值、f 值及三者联合的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为 0.801、0.747、0.766、0.807,联合临床危险因素的预测模型效能最高（AUC=0.845）,灵敏度为 78.58%,特异度为 100%。 结论 多参数 MRI 术前可有效预测直肠癌 LVSI 的状态,结合临床危险因素的联合预测模型可进一步提升预测效能,有助于临床医师制定个性化直肠癌治疗方案。