Knowledge level and attitude towards complementary and alternative treatment methods among medical students: a cross-sectional survey study in Turkey

Abstract

Objective

People often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods in Turkey, but reliability of the application of these methods is controversial. Considering the role of medical students (i.e. physician candidates) in sustainable health, their perspectives on CAM methods are important. This report explores the level of knowledge, experience, and preferences for the use of CAM methods among medical school students.     

Post-traumatic stress in the medical setting

ABSTRACT

This article addresses the prevalence of posttraumatic stress arising from serious illness and injury. Its purpose is to underscore the importance of assessment and treatment of this population. The article reviews literature about patient stress responses to intensive care experiences and hospitalization. Above all, serious illness and injury hamper the individual’s ability to maintain their ongoing lifestyle and interpersonal relationships; the experience raises the specter of vulnerability and mortality and can obstruct the experience of a familiar “self”. Issues to be assessed and areas to be addressed therapeutically using hypnosis are suggested.     

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of children with medical complexity in Tottori Prefecture,Japan: A population-based longitudinal study

ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence and background of children with medical complexity (CMC) and its secular trend in Japan.MethodsCMC were defined as patients under the age of 20 years requiring medical care and devices. The patients were enrolled using the national health insurance claims data of three hospitals and two rehabilitation centers in Tottori Prefecture. The study period was divided into three periods: Period 1, 2007–2010; Period 2, 2011–2014; and Period 3, 2015–2018.ResultsA total of 378 CMC were enrolled. The prevalence of CMC was 1.88 per 1000 population among subjects aged <20 years in 2018, and it increased by approximately 1.9 times during the study period. The number of CMC who presented with severe motor and intellectual disabilities did not change from Period 1 to Period 3. Meanwhile, the number of CMC who had relatively preserved motor and intellectual abilities increased from 58 to 98. The proportion of CMC who required respiratory management and oxygen therapy increased by 1.3 and 1.8 times, respectively. By contrast, the proportion of CMC who need tube feeding decreased significantly between periods 1 and 3 (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of CMC increased almost twice during the 12-year study period; however, the increase in the number of patients with relatively preserved motor and intellectual abilities was pronounced. This study showed that the need for medical care and devices differed based on the underlying disorders and severity of CMC; therefore, individualized medical, welfare, and administrative services and education about the various types of CMC must be provided.     

Adverse selection in the German Health Insurance System – the case of civil servants

At the beginning of their career, civil servants in Germany can choose between the social health insurance (SHI) system and a private plan combined with a direct reimbursement of the government of up to 70 percent. Most civil servants chose the latter, not only but also because they have to cover all contributions in the social system themselves, while regular employees get nearly 50 percent from their employers. The city state of Hamburg decided to change the system by paying half of the contributions if civil servants choose the social plan. We use a stochastic microsimulation model to analyse which socio-economic types of civil servants could benefit from the Hamburg plan and if this changes the mix of insured persons in the SHI system. Our results show that low income and high morbidity types as well as families have a substantially higher incentive to choose SHI. This reform might thereby increase the adverse selection of high risk cases towards SHI.     

商业医疗保险参保的供给影响因素研究——基于CGSS2013数据的实证分析

运用Prebit模型分析CGSS2013家户微观数据和保险供给宏观数据,探究影响商业医疗保险参保的因素,发现供给不足制约居民参保,对西部、中部和农村地区影响显著。家庭财富不足、保险知识缺乏、基本医疗保险也影响居民参保。主张推动保险供给侧结构性改革,保险公司增设分支机构,补齐供给短板。政府增加农民收入,普及保险知识,提供有限保障。     

我国医患共同决策的研究现状

医疗环境的改变,全民健康需求的多样化要求我们对传统诊疗模式做出调整和完善。本文从医患共同决策在我国大陆地区的临床研究现状及存在问题两方面进行综述,旨在为临床研究的实施和诊疗模式改进提供参考。