A Study on the Design Depth of Permeable Road Pavement through Dynamic Load Experiment

This study investigated vertical strain and stress through a dynamic load experiment at the testing area of Ke-Da Road, Pingtung, Taiwan. A thirty-five-ton truck was moved at constant speeds of 40, 60, and 80 km/h to simulate heavy load conditions to study the mechanical variations. From the results, it was found that the strain and stress curves of the permeable road pavement showed asymmetry due to the viscoelastic property of the open-grade friction course. The results showed that vertical strains and vertical stresses of permeable road pavement were greatly affected by the axle configuration and the change in traffic speed. Furthermore, to propose the design thickness of a permeable road pavement, the pavement strain and stress were modelled with respect to depth using regression based on these collected data. According to the stress regression models and considering the construction uncertainty, the recommend design depth of a permeable pavement is 30 cm. The findings of this study would be helpful in determining the permeable road pavement depth when subjected to heavy traffic load, and the material combination of open-graded friction concrete, porous asphalt concrete, and permeable cement concrete was proposed in this study during the design period.     

The impact of continuous positive airway pressure on cardiac mechanics: Findings from a meta‐analysis of echocardiographic studies

Current evidence on the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on cardiac mechanics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is based on a few single studies. The authors investigated this topic through a meta‐analysis of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) studies that provided data on left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) mechanics as assessed by global longitudinal strain (GLS). The PubMed, OVID‐MEDLINE, and Cochrane library databases were systematically analyzed to search English‐language review papers published from inception to January 31, 2022. Studies were identified by crossing the following terms: “obstructive sleep apnea”, “sleep quality”, “sleep disordered breathing”, “continuous positive airway pressure therapy”, “noninvasive ventilation”, “left ventricular hypertrophy”, “systolic dysfunction”, “global longitudinal strain”, “left ventricular mechanics”, “right ventricular mechanics”, “echocardiography” and “STE echocardiography”. The meta‐analysis, including a total of 337 patients with OSA from nine studies (follow‐up 2–24 months) showed a significant GLS improvement in both LV and RV after CPAP, standard mean difference (SMD) being 0.51±0.08, CI:0.36–0.66, p = .0001 and 0.28±0.07, CI:0.15–0.42, p = .0001), respectively. Corresponding SMD values for LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) were 0.20±0.06, CI:0.08–0.33, p = .001 and 0.08±0.06, CI: ‐0.04/0.20, p = .21. Our meta‐analysis suggests that: I) CPAP treatment exerts beneficial effects on biventricular function in patients with OSA; II) the assessment of cardiac mechanics by STE should be routinely recommended for monitoring cardiac function in this setting, due to limitations of conventional echocardiography in evaluating biventricular performance.     

小鼠条件性恐惧模型的建立和品系敏感性研究

目的在敏感品系上建立稳定可靠的小鼠条件性恐惧模型。方法采用给予30 s声音刺激(85 dB,5000 Hz),后2 s伴随给予不可逃避的足底电击(0.6 mA,持续2 s),声音-电击共配对5次,每次间隔2 min的方法建立小鼠条件性恐惧模型,在ICR、DBA/2(简称DBA)和C57BL/6J(简称C57)3种品系小鼠上评价场景恐惧和声音线索恐惧获得和表达的行为特点,以确定敏感品系鼠;分别于条件性恐惧训练第2,7,14,21和28天对C57小鼠场景恐惧和声音线索恐惧进行检测,以评价该品系小鼠条件性恐惧的自然消退特点;采用30 s声音+30 s间隔+10次消退训练的模式进行声音线索恐惧消退训练,并于24 h后进行消退保持测试,以评价该品系小鼠消退训练和保持的特点。结果声音-电击配对5次可成功诱导C57小鼠形成场景恐惧和声音线索恐惧,DBA小鼠可诱导形成声音线索恐惧但无法形成场景恐惧,ICR小鼠场景恐惧和声音线索恐惧均未诱导成功,确定C57小鼠为敏感品系鼠。C57小鼠呈现时间依赖的恐惧反应自然消退,其中场景恐惧在训练后第7天僵住百分率消退至(25±12)%,声音线索恐惧训练后第28天僵住百分率维持在(48±22)%;C57小鼠经10轮30 s声音消退训练,僵住时间百分率由(55±30)%消退至(32±27)%,但24 h后消退保持测试时僵住时间百分率又回升至(47±35)%。结论以敏感品系C57小鼠为研究对象,建立了恐惧获得、表达、自然消退、消退训练和消退保持各阶段恐惧行为检测的实验方法,成功建立小鼠条件性恐惧模型。     

水痘疫苗生产工艺变更前后Oka株病毒基因序列及疫苗质量分析

目的 通过对采用细胞工厂工艺进行细胞培养前后的Oka株病毒基因序列和水痘疫苗质量进行分析比较,评价生产工艺变更对水痘疫苗质量的影响.方法 从水痘疫苗原液提取病毒DNA,采用PCR法扩增片段,通过对PCR产物测序或克隆质粒测序并拼接,获得Oka株的病毒全基因序列,并与GenBank中相关序列比对.对工艺变更前后生产的疫苗进行病毒滴度、牛血清白蛋白残留量和抗生素残留量比较.结果 工艺变更前后的疫苗病毒基因序列一致;检测到33个单核苷酸多态性位点为亲本型和减毒型碱基共存,具有典型的Oka株特征;没有发现GenBank未登录或文献未报道的新突变.工艺变更前后生产疫苗平均病毒滴度分别为5.00和5.02 lg蚀斑形成单位/ml,两者间的差异无统计学意义(t=1.1,P=0.26),且各项关键指标均符合企业标准和药典要求.结论 将细胞工厂引入生产工艺后,水痘疫苗具有与原工艺生产的制品相似的安全性和质量一致性.     

基于实时超声弹性成像技术评价 调经促孕针刺法对卵巢早衰的疗效研究

目的 探讨实时超声弹性成像技术对调经促孕针刺法治疗卵巢早衰疗效的评估价值.方法 选取2019年1月～2020年5月深圳市中医院针灸门诊及病房的60例卵巢早衰患者为研究对象.所有患者均接受调经促孕针刺法治疗,每周3次,连续治疗3个月经周期,对于闭经者,连续治疗3个自然月.观察患者治疗前后血清激素水平变化,并采用实时超声弹...     

推拿治疗慢性腰肌劳损临床随机对照研究

目的评价推拿治疗慢性腰肌劳损的临床疗效。方法将110例慢性腰肌劳损患者按照1∶1比例随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组55例。治疗组接受为期4周的推拿治疗,对照组接受为期4周的规范健康教育。分别于治疗前、治疗后、治疗结束后1个月评价疼痛VAS评分和中文版改良ODI指数。结果共有99例患者完成整个研究。与本组治疗前比较,治疗后两组VAS评分、ODI在不同访视点均显著降低(P0.001);治疗后及治疗结束后1个月时,治疗组VAS评分、ODI下降幅度均大于对照组(P0.001)。结论推拿能够缓解慢性腰肌劳损患者的腰痛症状,改善腰部功能活动,且疗效优于健康教育。     

斑点追踪成像评价肥厚型心肌病病人左心室心肌收缩功能

目的应用斑点追踪成像（STI）技术评价肥厚型心肌病（HCM）病人的左心室整体和局部心肌收缩功能。方法选取室间隔中上段肥厚的HCM病人40例（HCM组）和健康对照者40例（对照组）,测量并比较两组左心室各节段的纵向收缩期峰值应变、整体峰值纵向应变（GLPS）及其应变率（GLSRs）、达峰时间。结果与对照组相比,HCM组左心室各节段纵向收缩期峰值应变减低（t=2．00～9．32,P〈0．05）,左心室GLPS和GLSRs也减低（t=17．75、4．23,P〈0．05）。结论STI能够准确评价HCM病人左心室心肌收缩功能。     

肠杆菌科细菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶菌株的检测及分析

目的 探讨肠杆菌科细菌超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)产生情况及耐药性。方法 对临床检出225株肠杆菌科细菌分别应用肠杆菌科细菌生化编码微量鉴定管鉴定、β-内酰胺酶(BLs)检测、标准筛选、双纸片法进行确证及药物敏感实验等方法进行检测分析。结果 225株肠杆菌科细菌中共检出产ESBLs菌26株,主要分布于高于科11株(42.3％)、神经内科7株(26.9％)、呼吸内科4株(15.4％)、心胸泌尿外科3株(11.5％);药敏实验结果除对亚胺培南、舒普深未产生耐药外,对其他15种抗生素均出现不同程度耐药,其中9种耐药率为100％。结论 肠杆菌科细菌产ESBLs菌株具有很强的耐药性。     

超声组织弹性成像对四肢深静脉血栓分期诊断的临床价值

目的：探讨超声组织弹性成像技术对四肢深静脉血栓形成分期诊断的临床价值。方法常规超声检查诊断为四肢深静脉血栓的87例患者纳入研究对象,根据患者症状开始时间将其分为急性期、亚急性期和慢性期血栓组,应用超声组织弹性成像技术进行弹性成像评分,同时计算血栓的应变比值（静脉周围肌肉组织/血栓）,比较各组血栓弹性成像评分及应变比值的差异。结果急性期血栓弹性成像图像以红色为主;亚急性期血栓弹性成像图像以绿色为主;慢性期弹性成像图像以蓝色为主。慢性期血栓组及亚急性期血栓组弹性成像评分及血栓应变比值高于急性期血栓组（P＜0.05）,慢性期血栓组弹性成像评分及应变比值高于亚急性期血栓组（ P＜0.05）。结论不同时期深静脉血栓的弹性成像评分及应变比值具有差异性,超声组织弹性成像技术可用于评价不同时期的四肢深静脉血栓的硬度变化,对于深静脉血栓的分期诊断具有一定的临床意义。     

二维超声应变成像评价急性心肌梗死患者左室心肌收缩功能

目的应用二维超声应变成像评价急性心肌梗死左心室心肌功能并探讨其临床应用价值。方法急性前壁心肌梗死28例、正常对照组30例,分别记录左心室心尖四腔、三腔、两腔切面图像,应用二维应变软件测量各个节段的二维应变和应变率值,并分析其与左心室收缩末容积（LVEDV）、舒张末容积（LVESV）、室壁运动积分（WMSI）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）的相关性。结果①心肌梗死组梗死节段收缩峰值应变值较对照组明显减低,P〈0．01;而远离梗死区域的心肌应变值与对照组比较无差异;②心肌梗死组LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV、WMSI较对照组明显减低P〈0．01;③收缩峰值总应变、总应变率与LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV、WMSI相关良好。结论二维超声应变成像技术可准确评价急性心肌梗死患者的左心室局部和整体心肌收缩功能。