手术室护生发生差错的原因分析及对策

目的防范护生在手术室实习期间发生护理差错。方法对护生发生差错的常见原因进行分析,制定相应的防范措施。结果通过认真分析差错原因,制定相应防范措施,两年来避免了护理教学差错发生,使手术室的护理教学取得明显效果。     

大学生财产犯罪分析与预防

对当代大学生财产犯罪进行了深入的分析，提出了一些新的犯罪心理原因、特点和预防措施。     

广西中小学生营养调查与评价

本文报道了广西２市４县２９所中小学样１２４９８名学生营养调查结果。调查表明：广西学生蛋白质和能量供应不足，平均值分别供给量标准的５７．２２％￣８２．９０％和６６．３７％￣８０．４４％；城市学生身高、体重发育优于农村学生（Ｐ〈０．０１），有１０．３０％的学生患有不同程度的营养缺乏症，且绝大多数是农村学生；学生贫血率为２５．４６％，城市学生以小细胞性贫血为主，占７４．８７％，而农村学生的大细胞和小细胞     

Assessment in undergraduate psychiatric education

An assessment of medical students' psychiatric performance demonstrated no association between the ability to rate psychopathology or to observe interview behaviour and traditional written methods of academic achievement. This is in accordance with those few studies which have addressed this issue and indicates that there may well be at least three independent skills involved in clinical decision-making: the ability to engage in interpersonal interaction and elicit information; and the ability to acquire and use academic knowledge. This is consistent with work suggesting that maturational and learning processes influence clinical reasoning, and demonstrates that each component should be addressed in assessing students in psychiatry.     

Orthodontic undergraduate education: developments in a modern curriculum.

This paper explores some modern concepts of teaching and learning, including cognitive theory, the zone of proximal development, constructivism, andragogy and learning styles and describes how they have informed the development of an undergraduate orthodontic curriculum. The changes described include student-centred learning, guided self-learning, and the incorporation of problem-based learning concepts. The details of the problem-based learning programme are described together with results of student feedback on the change in teaching and learning style.     

大学生家庭环境因素与社交、焦虑的关系研究

目的 探讨家庭环境因素对大学生社交、焦虑状态的影响。方法 采用家庭环境量表(FES)，社交苦恼及回避量表(SAD)，交往焦虑量表(LAS)，焦虑自评量表(SAS)，社交焦虑量表(SASS)，对121名大学生进行了测查分析。结果 家庭成员的亲密度、独立性、组织性与IAS、SAD总分及其焦虑和回避因子分、SAS、SASS得分均呈显著负相关，道德宗教观与IAS、SAD总分及其焦虑和回避因子分、SAS呈显著负相关，成功性与SAD总分及其焦虑和回避因子分、SAS呈显著负相关，情感表达SAS呈显著负相关；而矛盾性与IAS、SAD总分及其回避因子分、SAS得分呈显著正相关，控制性与SAS、SASS得分呈显著正相关。结论 不良家庭环埔因素是影响大学生社交、焦虑状态的危险因素。     

Integrating human factors into the medical curriculum

Background  The study of human factors is a scientific discipline that deals with the interactions between human beings and the elements of a system. This is important because shortcomings in these areas, if unchecked, can result in adverse outcomes. Research into human factors in industries where safety is paramount has provided the basis of countermeasures against human error. Adverse outcomes in medicine resulting from human error exact a high cost in both patient suffering and financial outlay.
CRM training  One of the approaches used to minimise the effect of human error is to train people in a set of knowledge, skills and attitudes that underpin the domain-specific competencies for that profession. These are referred to as non-technical skills (NTS). In aviation, such an approach has been shown to be both translatable from the training environment to the workplace and effective in reducing adverse outcomes.
Discussion  Medicine has incorporated this style of training, usually centred around simulator-based courses, but as yet in a piecemeal, episodic fashion which relies on participants volunteering to attend courses. Unlike other industries there is no systematic approach to linking the content of this teaching with the more conventional range of topics. As a consequence it is difficult to assess the impact of human factors training in medicine. This is partly because very little work has been done to date in identifying the key non-technical skills required in medicine, and the overall experience of workplace based assessment is limited. Lessons from other high reliability organisations may help to address the main challenges of developing the content, integrating it into the curriculum, reinforcing the concepts in the workplace through staff development and establishing its role in summative assessment.     

论医学生和谐就业伦理观的培养

结合目前医学生在就业过程中出现的不和谐伦理现象,分析了其主客观原因,提出了医学生和谐就业伦理观培养的现实途径.     

柳州市小学三、四年级学生心理健康与其家庭环境的相关分析

目的：了解三、四年级小学生心理健康状况，探讨小学生心理健康与家庭环境因素关系。方法：采用小学生心理健康诊断测验（MHT）和家庭环境量表（FES）对柳州市四所小学三、四年级1781名小学生的心理健康状况及其家庭环境进行调查。结果：家庭环境中的亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性、道德宗教、组织性与心理健康问题因子呈负相关关系；家庭环境中的矛盾性、独立性、成功性、控制性与心理健康问题因子呈正相关关系；多元回归分析发现家庭环境中的亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性、组织性对三、四年级小学生心理健康有积极影响；家庭环境中的矛盾性、独立性、成功性、道德宗教、控制性对三、四年级小学生心理健康有消极影响。结论：家庭环境对三、四年级小学生心理健康水平有重要影响。     

不同层次护生对临床教学质量的评价

目的分析不同层次护生对临床教学质量评价的差异,以便采取有针对性的教学方法.方法护生在每个科室实习结束后,采用自行设计的临床教学评价表对每名护生进行问卷调查,然后分别从中专、大专、本科护生填写的调查表中各随机抽取30%进行分析.结果对病房教学氛围和护士长教学管理的评价,本科与中专、大专护生间比较,差异有显著性意义(均P<0.05),中专与大专护生间无差异(P>0.05);对带教老师的评价,本科与中专、大专与中专护生间均差异有显著性意义(P<0.01,P<0.05),本科与大专间无差异(P>0.05).结论不同层次护生对临床教学质量评价的侧重点不同,本科生对病房教学氛围及护士长教学管理的要求较高,大专生次之.在临床教学中应根据护生的学历层次,采取有针对性的教学方法,以便不断提高临床教学质量.