新冠肺炎流行期间护理本科实习生职业认同现状及其对突发公共卫生事件应急态度的影响

目的:调查新冠肺炎流行期间护理本科实习生职业认同现状,并探讨其对突发公共卫生事件应急态度的影响。方法:采用一般资料调查表、护生职业认同量表和护士突发公共卫生事件应急态度量表对河南省某三级甲等综合医院的301名护理本科实习生进行调查。结果:护理本科实习生职业认同得分为(64.04±12.02)分,突发公共卫生事件应急态度条目均分为(3.95±0.54)分。职业认同和突发公共卫生事件应急态度呈正相关(r=0.588,P<0.01)。分层回归分析结果显示,职业认同独立解释突发公共卫生事件应急态度变异的24.8%。结论:新冠肺炎流行期间护理本科实习生职业认同良好,突发公共卫生事件应急态度处于中等水平,职业认同是突发公共卫生事件应急态度的重要影响因素。本科院校应为护理专业在读学生设置突发公共卫生事件应对相关课程,同时重视职业认同的培养,从而提高其突发公共卫生事件应急态度积极程度。     

Medical training in Greece: A crisis in progress

Objectives. We sought to evaluate the opinions of medical students and graduates regarding the quality of medical education in Greece. Methods. Two online questionnaires concerning the undergraduate medical education and specialty training respectively were distributed. Results. Regarding the quality of undergraduate medical education, 52.1% of participants replied favorably while clinical training was found satisfactory by 45.1. Dissatisfaction rates with research opportunities and support from tutors reached 88.4 and 83.3%, respectively. The majority (75.3%) supported the introduction of examinations for commencing specialty training. 52.3% of physicians were satisfied with the quality of specialty training. The most common complaint was the absence of a formal educational program. 67.2% of participants were dissatisfied with working conditions during their specialty training, with 70.1% working >60 h per week. Physicians practicing medical specialties were more satisfied with the quality of specialty training than those practicing surgical specialties (odds ratio: 1.43; 95% confidence limits: 1.09–1.87) and were less likely to work for >60 h per week (odds ratio: 0.66; 95% confidence limits: 0.48–0.9). Conclusion. Opinions expressed in this survey highlight the need for reforming medical education in Greece.     

电子病历在口腔本科生临床实习中的应用与体会

病历书写是口腔医师临床实习中的重要的环节,我院口腔医学本科生实习过程中在带教老师的指导下使用电子病历系统,本文通过问卷调查分析本科生在实习时电子病历的使用情况,通过抽查分析电子病历的质量,认为电子病历能够指导实习生提升临床各方面能力,但存在着对模板病历依赖,未能充分调动临床思维能力等不足,提出通过加强岗前教育,调动学生主观能动性等解决方法,为医学教育者教学及科研提供借鉴。     

A virtual COVID-19 ophthalmology rotation

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic temporarily suspended medical student involvement in clinical rotations, resulting in the need to develop virtual clinical experiences. The cancellation of clinical ophthalmology electives and away rotations reduces opportunities for exposure to the field, to network with faculty, conduct research, and prepare for residency applications. We review the literature and discuss the impact and consequences of COVID-19 on undergraduate medical education with an emphasis on ophthalmic undergraduate medical education. We also discuss innovative learning modalities used from medical schools around the world during the COVID-19 pandemic such as virtual didactics, online cases, and telehealth. Finally, we describe a novel, virtual neuro-ophthalmology elective created to educate medical students on neuro-ophthalmology foundational principles, provide research and presentation opportunities, and build relationships with faculty members. These innovative approaches represent a step forward in further improving medical education in ophthalmology during COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.     

翻转课堂教学模式在《护理研究》课程教学中的应用效果及评价

目的：探讨翻转课堂教学模式在《护理研究》课程教学中的应用效果。方法选取护理学专业2012级五年制本科生230人作为实验班,2011级本科生218人作为对照班。对照班采取讲授法和案例式教学,实验班开展翻转课堂教学模式,学期末比较两班学习成绩以及学习效果评价。结果实验班73.53％护生非常赞同翻转课堂教学模式和评价体系,66.21％护生认为翻转课堂教学模式有助于培养学生的学习能力和创新意识,75.34％护生认为翻转课堂教学模式有助于培养学生的团队合作精神和沟通交流能力;实验班护生考试成绩（86.21±3.67）分与对照班成绩（82.35±4.29）分比较有显著性差异（ P＜0.05）。结论护理学专业教师需转变教学观念,创新教学模式,尝试采用翻转课堂教学模式,不断提高护理研究教学质量。     

Gender Differences in Deviance and Health Risk Behaviors Among Young-Adults Undergraduate Students

Background: Deviant and health risk behaviors among young-adults are associated with many adverse outcomes. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate a broad variety of behaviors by gender differences and their contribution to predicting cannabis use in undergraduate students. Method: This research is based on a structured, self-reported anonymous questionnaire distributed to 1,432 young adult undergraduate students at an Israeli University, 533 males and 899 females (mean age 27.4; SD 6.01).

Results: The findings demonstrate a significant proportion of sampled young adults reported to be involved in deviant and health risk behaviors and that all risky behaviors were more frequently significant in males than in females. Among drivers 72% reported speeding, 60% reported failure to keep distance, 44% reported being involved at a car accident as a driver, 40% reported not stopping at a stop sign, and quarter reported driving after drinking alcohol. These findings also expand how certain risk behaviors contribute to predicting cannabis use. Conclusions: The relatively high prevalence of some of these risky behaviors among normative young adults suggests that risky behaviors are considered as normative behavior for this group, especially among man, and therefore, policymakers need to consider prevention and harm reduction interventions relevant to this risk group.     

专门用途英语视角下英语课程设置改革效果分析——以重庆医科大学为例

目的　分析专门用途英语（English for specific purposes,ESP）背景下重庆医科大学本科英语课程设置改革成效。方法　采用问卷法对重庆医科大学2018级护理本科生英语课程设置需求进行问卷调查。根据问卷调查结果制定改进措施,并在2019级护理本科生护理英语教学中实施1学期。通过问卷调查学生对英语课程设置改革的满意度。对收集到的数据用SPSS统计学软件统计各选项人数与占比。结果　2019级护理本科生对本校英语课程设置改革的满意度为56.78%（272/479）,对护理专业英语课程设置满意度达到88.1%（422/479）。结论　医学院校专门用途英语课程设置改革应充分考虑学习者的学习需求和职业目标需求,课堂教学中尽量为学习者提供口语和阅读训练的机会。另外,ESP教师团队成员可以通过集体备课提高其在专业英语教学方面的能力和信心。基于需求分析的课程设置有利于提高英语教学效果。